HIV-1 Tat protein is a key neuropathological element in HIV associated neurogcognitive disorders (HAND); a type of cognitive syndrome thought to be at least partially mediated by increased levels of ...brain reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a sulfur-containing compound known to reduce oxidative stress. This study was conducted to determine whether administration of MSM attenuates HIV-1 Tat induced oxidative stress in mouse neuronal cells. MSM treatment significantly decreased neuronal cell NO and ROS secretion. Further, MSM significantly reversed HIV-1 Tat mediated reductions in reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as HIV-1 Tat mediated increases in oxidized glutathione (GSSG). In addition, Tat reduced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key nuclear promoter of antioxidant activity, while MSM increased its translocation to the nucleus in the presence of Tat. These results suggest that HIV-1 Tat reduces the resiliency of neuron cells to oxidative stress which can be reversed by MSM. Given the clinical safety of MSM, future preclinical in vivo studies will be required to further confirm these results in effort to validate MSM as a neuroprotectant in patients at risk of, or who are already diagnosed with, HAND.
Objectives
In the present study, we have elaborated the anti‐inflammatory mechanism of MSM through homing of CD34+ stem cells towards an inflamed region by regulating hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in an in ...vivo model of caerulein‐induced acute pancreatitis (AP) and associated lung injury.
Methods
Male Swiss mice were treated with hourly intraperitoneal injections of caerulein (50 μg/kg) for 6 h. MSM (500 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 1 h after the first caerulein injection (therapeutic). The serum amylase activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung and pancreas were measured. The levels of H2S and interleukin (IL)‐1β, cystathionine‐γ‐lyase (CSE) and CD34+ expressions in pancreas and lungs were determined by RT‐PCR and ELISA.
Key Findings
Methylsulfonylmethane significantly ameliorated pancreas and lung histopathological changes, decreased serum amylase, MPO activity and inhibited caerulein‐induced IL‐1β expression. Furthermore, MSM reduced caerulein‐induced H2S levels by alleviating the expression of CSE in pancreas and lungs and increased CD34 expression and inhibited nuclear factor (NF)‐κB translocation in caerulein‐induced AP and associated lung injury.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that MSM can effectively reduce inflammatory responses and induce the homing of CD34+ cells to the injured tissues.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Two types of onions cultivated with different methods of sulfur application (designated as S-1 and S-2) were examined for their physicochemical and sensory properties, and then compared with onions ...without sulfur application as a control. During cultivation, dietary sulfur methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) was sprayed on the leaves twice starting at 2 months before harvest, with one month intervals for S-1. For S-2, the MSM was applied once onto surface soils before sowing, and then once again on the leaves at 2 months before harvest. Thiosulfinate, a major sulfur-containing compound in onions, increased in the order of control, S-1, and S-2, without noticeable differences in the strength of spicy hot taste and flavor. The S-2 onions demonstrated a total reducing capacity three times higher than control and S-1 did. It indicates that the application of sulfur would positively affect the quality of onions under the condition where sufficient time is given for soil mineralization.
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a biologically active, non-psychotropic component of
whose popularity has grown exponentially in recent years. Besides a wealth of potential health benefits, ingestion of CBD ...poses risks for a number of side effects, of which hepatotoxicity and CBD/herb-drug interactions are of particular concern. Here, we investigated the interaction potential between the cannabidiol-rich cannabis extract (CRCE) and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), a popular dietary supplement, in the mouse model. For this purpose, 8-week-old male C57BL6/J mice received MSM-containing water (80 mg/100 mL) ad libitum for 17 days. During the last three days of treatment, mice received three doses of CRCE administered in sesame oil via oral gavage (123 mg/kg/day). Administration of MSM alone did not result in any evidence of liver toxicity and did not induce expression of mouse cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Administration of CRCE did produce significant (
< 0.05) increases in
,
,
,
,
,
, and
messenger RNA, however, this effect was not amplified by MSM/CRCE co-treatment. Similarly, no evidence of liver toxicity was observed in MSM/CRCE dosed mice. In conclusion, short-term MSM/CRCE co-administration did not demonstrate any evidence of hepatotoxicity in the mouse model.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is one of the main sources of sulfur for living bodies, but it is hard to obtain as a pure compound. Conventional electrodialysis (CED) is a mature technology that can be ...used for the separation and purification of biochemical products. In this study, the purification of MSM from mixtures containing salt was performed by CED. The effects of operating conditions such as operation voltage drop, feed MSM concentration, and electrolyte salt concentration on the separation performances were investigated. The results showed that the current efficiency reached 74.0%, and the energy consumption could be 12.3 Wh·L
. As for the recovery rate and desalination rate, the highest recovery rate could be 97.4%, and the desalination rate was 98.5%. Based on process energy consumption calculation, the total cost of the whole process was estimated at only 2.34 $·t
. Thus, CED is highly efficient and cost-effective for the separation and purification of MSM.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Combination therapy, which reduces the dosage intensity of the individual drugs while increasing their efficacy, is not a novel approach for the treatment of cancer. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is an ...organic sulfur compound shown to act against tumor cells. Tamoxifen is a commercially available therapeutic agent for breast malignancies.
In the current study, we analyzed the combinatorial effect of MSM and tamoxifen on the suppression of ER-positive breast cancer xenograft growth and metastasis. Additionally, we also validated the molecular targets by which the drug combination regulated tumor growth and metastasis.
We observed that the combination of MSM and tamoxifen regulated cell viability and migration in vitro. The intragastric administration of MSM and subcutaneous implantation of tamoxifen tablets led to tumor growth suppression and inhibition of the Janus kinase 2 (Jak2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b) pathway. Our study also assessed the regulation of signaling molecules implicated in the growth, progression, differentiation, and migration of cancer cells, such as Jak2, STAT5b, insulin-like growth factor-1Rβ, and their phosphorylation status.
Study results indicated that this combination therapy inhibited tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, this drug combination may have a synergistic and powerful anticancer effect against breast cancer.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The article presents the main approaches to choosing the treatment of osteoarthritis and the main links in the pathogenesis of this disease. The effects of glucosamine and chondroitin on the main ...pathogenetic mechanisms of osteoarthritis that prevent its progression are described. There are discussed an effectiveness and safety of treatment of the disease with a focus on the use of a combination of glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate (Arthra), as well as their combination with methylsulfonylmethane and sodium hyaluronic acid (Arthra MSM). Methylsulfonylmethane reduces pain, it is involved in the processes of maintaining and regeneration of connective tissue, in the synthesis of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and collagen. It is suggested that this compound may have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties due to the inhibition of the nuclear factor kB signaling pathway, which allows to reduce the local and systemic inflammatory response, as well as suppressing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and much more. This article also presents experimental and clinical evidence of the effectiveness and safety of these compounds. It has been convincingly demonstrated the possibility with these drugs to reduce joint pain and the need for analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, to improve the quality of life. Currently, symptomatic slow-acting drugs, which include the discussed ones, are recommended to be prescribed as first-line drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Timely administration of symptomatic slow-acting drugs, their long-term use contributes not only to reducing the progression of the disease, but also makes it possible to avoid or delay endoprosthetics. In this article there is indicated the contribution of Russian scientists to obtaining evidence of the effectiveness and safety of Arthra and Arthra MSM in the application of various treatment modes in osteoarthritis of the knee joints and lower back pain.
Abstract Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), an organosulfur compound, has been used as a dietary supplement that can improve various metabolic diseases. However, the effect of MSM on obesity-linked ...metabolic disorders remains unclear. The goal of the current study is to determine whether MSM has beneficial effects on glucose and lipid homeostasis in obesity-associated pathophysiologic states. High-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) and genetically obese diabetic db/db mice treated with MSM (1–5% v /v, by drinking water) were studied. Metabolic parameters involved in glucose and lipid metabolism were determined. Treatment of DIO mice with MSM leads to a significant decrease in blood glucose levels. DIO mice treated with MSM are hypersensitive to insulin, as evidenced by decreased serum insulin and an increase in the area above the curve during an ITT. Concurrently, MSM reduces hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol contents in DIO mice. These effects are accompanied by reductions in gene expression of key molecules involved in lipogenesis and inflammation. FACS analysis reveals that MSM markedly increases the frequency of B cells and decreases the frequency of myeloid cells in peripheral blood and in bone marrow. Moreover, overnutrition-induced changes of femur microarchitecture are restored by MSM. In db/db mice, a marked impairment in glucose and lipid metabolic profiles is notably ameliorated when MSM is supplemented. These data suggest that MSM has beneficial effects on multiple metabolic dysfunctions, including hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Thus, MSM could be the therapeutic option for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and fatty liver diseases.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Oxidative stress and muscle damage occur during exhaustive bouts of exercise, and many runners report pain and soreness as major influences on changes or breaks in training regimens, creating a ...barrier to training persistence. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a sulfur-based nutritional supplement that is purported to have pain and inflammation-reducing effects. To investigate the effects of MSM in attenuating damage associated with physical exertion, this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the effects of MSM supplementation on exercise-induced pain, oxidative stress and muscle damage.
Twenty-two healthy females (
= 17) and males (
= 5) (age 33.7 ± 6.9 yrs.) were recruited from the 2014 Portland Half-Marathon registrant pool. Participants were randomized to take either MSM (OptiMSM®) (
= 11), or a placebo (
= 11) at 3 g/day for 21 days prior to the race and for two days after (23 total). Participants provided blood samples for measurement of markers of oxidative stress, and completed VAS surveys for pain approximately one month prior to the race (T
), and at 15 min (T
), 90 min (T
), 1 Day (T
), and 2 days (T
) after race finish. The primary outcome measure 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanine (8-OHdG) measured oxidative stress. Secondary outcomes included malondialdehyde (MDA) for oxidative stress, creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as measures of muscle damage, and muscle (MP) and joint pain (JP) recorded using a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data were analyzed using repeated and multivariate ANOVAs, and simple contrasts compared post-race time points to baseline, presented as mean (SD) or mean change (95% CI) where appropriate.
Running a half-marathon induced significant increases in all outcome measures (
< 0.001). From baseline, 8-OHdG increased significantly at T
by 1.53 ng/mL (0.86-2.20 ng/mL CI,
< 0.001) and T
by 1.19 ng/mL (0.37-2.01 ng/mL CI,
< 0.01), and fell below baseline levels at T
by -0.46 ng/mL (-1.18-0.26 CI,
> 0.05) and T
by -0.57 ng/mL (-1.27-0.13 CI,
> 0.05). MDA increased significantly at T
by 7.3 μM (3.9-10.7 CI,
< 0.001). Muscle damage markers CK and LDH saw significant increases from baseline at all time-points (
< 0.01). Muscle and joint pain increased significantly from baseline at T
, T
, and T
(
< 0.01) and returned to baseline levels at T
. Time-by-treatment results did not reach statistical significance for any outcome measure, however, the MSM group saw clinically significant (Δ > 10 mm) reductions in both muscle and joint pain.
Participation in a half-marathon was associated with increased markers of oxidative stress, muscle damage, and pain. MSM supplementation was not associated with a decrease from pre-training levels of oxidative stress or muscle damage associated with an acute bout of exercise. MSM supplementation attenuated post-exercise muscle and joint pain at clinically, but not statistically significant levels.
The natural product silk sericin has excellent biological properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antioxidant activity, and it also facilitates cell proliferation, collagen type 1 ...production, and wound healing. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a natural organic sulfur compound known to relieve pain and inflammation. In this study, we formulated sericin and MSM blends in various ratios, and investigated their effects on the inflammatory response and subsequent healing of a wound in vitro using macrophages and fibroblasts. The experimental findings, derived from cell viability analyses and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway assays, demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory activity of MSM was more effective when it was blended with sericin. In contrast, MSM alone did not enhance wound healing but rather delayed it at higher concentrations. We confirmed that the blend of sericin and MSM exhibited a synergistic effect on suppressing inflammatory responses and promoting subsequent wound healing when the two materials were optimally blended.
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