In Indonesia, branchless banking (BB) for low-income communities is a new financial channel to create a financial system accessible to all levels of society. This research aims to investigate how to ...develop BB programs to improve the performance of households’ micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in rural areas. The data was collected from 97 MSEs who conducted financial transactions at BB agents. For a case study, as many as 32 agents out of 360 BB agents in Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia were chosen purposively from 13 sub-districts. Then, 97 MSEs were chosen with the experience of conducting transactions through BB agents. The study analyzes the household economic behavior using the model of a simultaneous structural equation, that has not been discussed in prior literature on Branchless Banking studies. The study has found that an increase in the value of financial transactions and investment variables have a positive impact with larger magnitudes on the production and other endogenous variables than an increase of those variables independently. However, the impact on household savings is small. The results imply that the development of MSEs through BB programs is not enough by only providing the speed and ease of financial transactions through the presence of BB agents in rural areas that are close to local businesses. Capacity building by increasing the investment value of micro and small enterprises becomes a factor driving the success of BB programs.
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CEKLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, UL, UM, UPUK
There has been growing recognition of the importance of creating performance measurement tools for the economic, social and environmental management of micro and small enterprise (MSE). In this ...context, this study aims to validate an instrument to assess perceptions of sustainable development practices by MSEs by means of a Graded Response Model (GRM) with a Bayesian approach to Item Response Theory (IRT). The results based on a sample of 506 university students in Peru, suggest that a valid measurement instrument was achieved. At the end of the paper, methodological and managerial contributions are presented.
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CEKLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, UL, UM, UPUK
This paper aims to identify the main challenges and trends of the training and professional education in tourism, as well as their employability in the context of a tourist destination (TD) mainly ...formed by Micro and Small Enterprises (MSES). Based on the specialized literature on sme and professional education in tourism, we carried out a qualitative and quantitative exploratory study applied to those firms with Features Activities of Tourism - ACTS responsible for hiring at the TD. After literature review and analysis of secondary information, we proceed to the data collection which was based on the partitioned sampling technique choosing the most representative firms of the sector. The results indicate, first, that MSE’s account for 92 % of the tourist trade and, second, it is very low the rate of the tourism qualified personnel hired in by these SME, which tends to impact the capacity and quality development of tourism products. In addition, it was identified significant lack of tourism specialist functions by the sme and a lack of skills and competencies by the employees to apply to them. Thus, it is concluded that there are two, structural and systemic, major challenges: to qualify the sme, but these, in turn, need the skills and competencies of the tourism qualified personnel, which however are not fully developed.
Este artigo visa identificar os principais desafíos e tendências de qualificação e formação do turismólogo, bem como sua inserção profissional no contexto de um destino turístico (DT) majoritariamente formado por Micro e Pequenas Empresas (MPE’S). Com base na literatura especializada sobre MPE e sobre qualificação profissional em turismo, realizou-se uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa de cunho exploratório aplicado aos responsáveis pela contratação das organizações ligadas às Atividades Características do Turismo – ACTS. Após pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de dados secundários, a coleta foi baseada na técnica de amostragem particionada optando pelas organizações de maior representatividade do setor. Os resultados indicam, por um lado, que as mpes representam 92 % do trade turístico e, de outro, que é baixíssimo o índice de contração de pessoal qualificado em turismo, o que tende a impactar na capacidade e qualidade de elaboração de produtos turísticos. Ademais, identificou-se significativo desconhecimento das funções do turismólogo por parte das MPE’S e um despreparo deste em apresentar habilidades e competências aplicáveis a elas. Assim, conclui-se que há duplo desafio, estrutural e sistêmico, no sentido de qualificar as MPE’S, mas estas, por sua vez, precisam das habilidades e competências dos turismólogos, que todavia não estão plenamente desenvolvidas.
The raging COVID-19 pandemic in the past three years has had a great impact on people's health, life and work, as well as the business survival of enterprises and the overall social and economic ...stability. Rural MSEs are relatively short of capital and human resources, and it is more difficult for them to survive in the pandemic crisis. What difficulties and challenges did rural MSEs face during the pandemic? How did they respond and adapt? What role does E-commerce play in the survival of rural MSEs in the pande mic? These are the major questions this research seeks to understand. Qualitative research approach was applied to this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with semi-structured questionnaires, and content analysis was used to explore the possible answers to the research questions. It was found that during the most severe period of the pandemic, the most difficult challenges for agricultural MSEs in rural areas are: fearing that they and their employees will be infected and will affect their health and workforce (100 % ), followed by concerning that government control measures such as social distancing and movement restrictions will affect business operations and sales income (91.67 % ), followed by worrying about whether the cooperative logistics distributors can deliver online shopping goods to consumers as smoothly as before(75%). The coping actions taken by rural agricultural MSEs during the pandemic include: setting employee health management and work rules, conducting more sales activities on electronic platforms, developing new products based on customers' feedback. According to the findings, this study suggests that rural agricultural MSEs can make good use of electronic platforms to expand customer base, manage online customer relationships, promote high quality products during a crisis like COVID-19 pandemic. By doing so, MSEs can improve their E-business operation capabilities and accumulate better crisis resilience for the future.
There has been growing recognition of the importance of creating performance measure ment tools for the economic, social and environmental management of micro and small enterprise (MSE). In this ...context, this study aims to validate an instrument to assess perceptions of sustainable development practices by MSEs by means of a Graded Response Model (GRM) with a Bayesian approach to Item Response Theory (IRT). The results based on a sample of 506 university students in Peru, suggest that a valid measurement instrument was achieved. At the end of the paper, methodological and managerial contributions are presented.
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Ethiopia has ample potential and suitable agro-ecological conditions to establish dairy enterprises, and the enterprises contribute significantly to the economic, environmental, and quality-of-life, ...and well-being of individuals. Rapid urbanisation, rising income, and relatively high dairy product consumption per capita in the study area contribute to the sector's latent potential. However, little is being done to enhance the value addition of the milk production chain which in turn enhances value-added output. The attributes that influence dairy enterprises' decisions to penetrate the market and the degree of milk product value addition were examined in this study. A sample of 212 dairy enterprises was drawn from the study area's target population. The stated objectives have been achieved using both descriptive statistics and the Double-Hurdle econometrics model. The number of dairy cattle was a more significant factor in deciding whether to participate in the value addition of dairy products. Findings show that variables of interest in machinery and equipment, the volume of milk in the litter, access to credit services, and skills training had a positive and significant influence on the decision and the degree of value addition in the dairy production. The study also indicated that increasing milk volume, minimising the bureaucracy of credit service provision, and fostering low-cost technology and equipment innovation are vital to the success of a dairy enterprise. The study found that dairy enterprises stimulate substantial and diverse milk value additions.
This paper analyzes, in case study form, the Small Farmers and Business Bank, Ltd. (SFBB) of Belize, Central America. Using in-depth, qualitative, semi-structured interviews of fifteen SFBB micro and ...small enterprise (MSE) borrowers, a preliminary assessment of the SFBB and its impact on MSE firm-level and national development is discussed.
RESUMEN. Este documento analiza un estudio de caso del banco Small Farmers and Business Bank, Ltd. (SFBB) de Belice, América Central. En base a extensas entrevistas cualitativas semi-estructuradas, mantenidas con quince micro y pequeñas empresas prestatarias del SFBB, se realizó una evaluación preliminaria sobre el SFBB y su impacto sobre las empresas del tipo micro y pequeñas empresas, y se discute el desarrollo nacional.
RESUMO. Este trabalho analisa, por meio de um estudo de caso, a Small Farmers and Business Bank, Ltd. (SFBB) de Belize, América Central. Através de entrevistas qualitativas, semi-estruturadas e consistentes real-izadas com 15 micro e pequenas empresas (MSE) tomadoras de em-préstimo do SFBB, apresentamos uma avaliação preliminar do SFBB e do impacto de tais empréstimos em relação ao nível das MSE e ao desenvolvimento nacional.
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BFBNIB, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Title wol.: Change as a prerequisite for success. Management instruments of organization improvement and development
Tytuł wol.: Zmiana warunkiem sukcesu. Zarządcze instrumenty doskonalenia i rozwoju ...organizacji
Through for spatial econometrics – an exploratory analysis of spatial data and spatial econometric modeling - this work intend to analyze the spatial interactions present in the Municipal Development ...Index of Micro and Small Enterprise of Paraná (IDMPE/PR). The results suggest the presence of spatial autocorrelation, indicating some clusters.
The 27 May 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake caused the death of more than 5.7 thousand people, more than 60 thousand people were injured and hundreds of thousands lost their houses. Bantul district was the ...most severely affected by the earthquake. This paper is an attempt to understand the determinants of livelihood recovery after this natural disaster and, in particular, the role of aid in that recovery process. A panel firm level survey was conducted visiting around 500 mostly small and micro enterprises in Bantul district twice: 6 months and a year after the earthquake. This paper argues that (1) smaller enterprises are more resilient and so able to bounce back faster, (2) an industrial cluster system within a subdistrict does provide support needed by firms to recover, (3) the quality of village infrastructure could be important, (4) it is important for donors not to give too much assurance of financial support to enterprises, but rather just to distribute it when it is actually available. The faster it is distributed, the better the impact on enterprises affected by the earthquake, and (4) although over a longer period of time, the effectiveness of aid might well diminish, aid does improve a firm’s ability to survive.
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