The Ukrainian primary healthcare programme of preventive and screening recommendations has not been evidence-based. The traditional system of continuous medical education in Ukraine places ...participants in the role of passive listeners. This study explored the effects of an interactive training course on evidence-based prevention and screening of cardiovascular risks, on changes in Ukrainian family doctors' (FDs) and primary care nurses' (PCNs) knowledge and readiness to change practice over time.
Three hundred and seven FDs and PCNs participated in the study. Changes in participants' knowledge were assessed with 20 multiple choice questions, and their readiness to change practice with a five-item questionnaire. These were administered before, immediately after, three and twelve months after training.
The mean pre-course knowledge score was 6.1 (SD 1.8) out of 20, increasing to 14.9 (SD 2.3) immediately afterwards (p<0.001). Three months later it was 10.2 (SD 3.2) and at one year it was 10.4 (SD 3.3), both of which were significantly higher than the pre-training level (p<0.005). The percentage of participants that were highly motivated to change their practice increased from 18.4% before the training to 62.3% immediately afterwards (p<0.001). Three months later, this fell to 40.4%. At 12 months it further reduced to 27.4%, but was still significantly higher than the baseline level (p<0.001).
The interactive training was effective in increasing both participants' knowledge and their readiness to change their clinical practice. The impact of the training diminished over time, but was still evident a year later.
Raziskava obravnava motivacijske dejavnike kariernega razvoja strokovnih delavcev v osnovnih in srednjih šolah, ki poteka vzporedno in neločljivo z dvema drugima procesoma: psihosocialnim razvojem ...posameznika in njegovim družinskim življenjem. Empirična raziskava je bila narejena na vzorcu 360 strokovnih delavcev v osnovnih in srednjih šolah. Strokovni delavci so na lestvici pomembnosti motivacijskih dejavnikov ocenjevali stopnjo strinjanja s trditvami v zvezi z naslednjimi motivacijskimi dejavniki: zakonodaja in urejenost dokumentacije na ravni šole, organizacijska klima in kultura na šoli, vodstvo šole, šola kot učeča se organizacija, potreba posameznika po kariernem razvoju. Zanimalo nas je, ali po mnenju vprašanih obstajajo razlike v oceni stopnje pomembnosti posameznih motivacijskih dejavnikov za karierni razvoj ter ali obstaja odvisnost med končnim rezultatom na lestvici in posameznimi spremenljivkami. Ugotovitev je pomembna za strokovne delavce in vodstva šol, ki se ukvarjajo s spodbujanjem kariernega razvoja, in bi jo bilo smiselno upoštevati tako pri načrtovanju kot spremljanju kariernega razvoja strokovnih delavcev na šolah.
U ovom servej istraživanju autor na uzorku od 312 učenika osnovne škole, uzrasta od 8 do 14 godina, provjerava hipotezu o tome da li motivacioni profili predodređuju bavljenje sportom i uspjeh u ...nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja. Nakon faktorizacije i ukrštanja komponenata unutrašnje i vanjske moti-vacije, autor je izdvojio tri motivaciona profila učenika za bavljenje sportom: unutrašnje motivisani, mješovito motivisani i spolja motivisani. Pokazalo se da ovi profili značajno predodređuju to da li će se djeca baviti sportom, ali ne utiču značajno na njihov uspjeh u nastavi fizičkog vaspitanja. Ovaj nalaz ne ide u prilog nastavnoj praksi nastave fizičkog vaspitanja i ukazuje na potrebu da nastavnici treba da rade na redukciji spoljašnje, a podsticanju unutrašnje motivacije učenika. Značajan nalaz ovog istraživanja je i da sa uzrastom opada pozitivno vrednovanje i doživljavanje škole. Ovo je posebno značajno kada imamo u vidu da je faktorizacijom utvrđeno da su učenicima u prvom planu važnosti uživanje u fizičkom vaspitanju i samousavršavanje, a da odmah potom slijede dva negativna motiva-ciona faktora. Osim značajnih nalaza, ovo istraživanje nudi i nekoliko novih problema za dalje istraživanje za dalju proučavanje.
Previous studies that used the Orientation for Teaching Survey (OTS), assessing motivation for the teaching profession, yielded inconsistent results regarding the OTS’s factorial structure. Since ...these studies focused on pre-service teachers with limited teaching experience, our main goal was to assess the psychometric properties and factorial validity of the OTS on in-service teachers. An additional goal was to compare the motivation of male and female teachers, and teachers working in primary and secondary schools. The OTS was administered to 384 teachers in Serbia. After confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the six-factor model proposed by the authors of the OTS did not fit the data well, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and a two-factor solution was accepted (Extrinsic-Intrinsic model). Women and primary school teachers scored higher on Intrinsic motivation. Results point to the need for further exploration of differences in the motivation of pre- and in-service teachers and changes in teacher motivation over time.
When offenders serve a suspended sentence with protective supervision, their probation officers play a dual professional role with the sole purpose of deterring the offenders from further criminal ...behaviour and thereby reducing the likelihood of recidivism. Probation officers supervise offenders and monitor their compliance with different requirements, while at the same time establishing a high-quality professional relationship and conducting psychosocial procedures to assist offenders in re-socialisation and reintegration within the community. The aims of this research were to explore the perspectives of offenders and probation officers on the role of motivation when serving a suspended sentence with protective supervision, and to gain insights into possible changes in motivation during the serving of such a sentence. Focus groups were conducted with convenience samples of offenders (N=12) and probation officers (N=8). The results revealed that offenders, especially at the beginning of their sentence, showed predominantly extrinsic motivation when fulfilling the formal obligations of the sentence, without recognising their purpose. While serving the sentence, offenders’ motivation changed in intensity and partly in type, primarily because of increasing insight into the usefulness of the sentence, which was promoted by the quality of the relationship with the probation officer and some significant life events. In order to encourage offenders to comply with their sentence and refrain from future criminal behaviour, probation officers used problem-solving skills, combined with skills focused on empowering social capital and personal responsibility for decision-making and personal behaviour.
Škola je mjesto gdje adolescenti nakon obitelji provode najviše vremena i kao takva ima jedinstvenu priliku snažnoga i vrlo važnoga djelovanja na razvoj pojedinca. Cilj je ovog rada iznošenje ...pregleda literature i istraživanja koji se bave ispitivanjem odnosa adolescenata i škole. Školsko okruženje i funkcioniranje u školi predstavlja značajan aspekt u životu adolescenata, a način funkcioniranja u školi pokazatelj je njihovoga funkcioniranja u ostalim sferama života. Interes za školu kod adolescenata počinje slabiti u završnim razredima osnovne škole, a u srednjoj školi se počinje mijenjati i njihov odnos prema nastavnicima, kao i očekivanja od njih. Istraživanja su sustavno utvrdila trend opadanja svih aspekata motivacije za postignućem u školi s obzirom na dob kod oba spola. Nadalje, javlja se smanjenje orijentacije na učenje, a povećava orijentacija na izbjegavanje truda s godinama školovanja, kod oba spola. Na koji način adolescenti doživljavaju školu značajno ovisi o tome kakav su međusobni odnos izgradili nastavnici i adolescenti. Nastavnikova profesionalnost, način rada, uspostavljena komunikacija s učenicima, ali i obilježja ličnosti nastavnika značajno utječu na motivaciju adolescenata za učenjem, kao i općenito na njihov stav prema školi.
High capacity for adopting and synthesizing new knowledge very rarely encountered in theform of exceptional academic performance, which is registered in a wide range of subject areas,which means that ...the global talent is not impossible, but it is a rare outcome of the development ofexceptional potential. Academic talents are almost invariably interpreted in relation to the specificareas of knowledge. Bearing in mind the contemporary concepts of giftedness as a multidimensionalconstruct, research in this field of psychology have generated the large body of findingsthat aim to clarify the key constituents of academic talent: specific abilities, motivation and creativity.The main conclusions arising from the study of cognitive aspects of academic talent pointout the relevance of specific academic abilities that corresponds to the type of academic talent.The results further suggest that the outstanding academic performance of gifted students is relatedto the high level of curiosity, but also underline that in the absence of some other aspects ofintrinsic motivation, such as dedication and persistence in learning activities, there is a possibilitythat high potentials remain inadequately implemented. And finally, while intelligence is “stable”factor for high academic achievement, creativity is relevant for academic success to the extent thatspecific academic domains require.
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The starting point of this study was the assumption that work in a supportive working environment increases work motivation and thus contributes to job satisfaction and in preventing burnout. The ...main objective of the study was to examine the role of perceived support from the principal and work motivation (work engagement and self-efficacy) in explaining job satisfaction and burnout in Croatian primary school teachers. The study included a total of 1,892 primary school teachers, working in lower (class-teachers, N = 856) and higher grades (subject-teachers, N = 1036), employed in 101 primary schools in the Republic of Croatia. Male teachers comprised 12% of the total sample. The average age of participants was 41.7 years (SD = 10.2), and length of service was 15.7 years (SD = 10.7). The results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that the perceived support from principals and used measures of work motivation significantly contributed to the explanation of job satisfaction and two measures of burnout (emotional exhaustion and alienation), while the demographic variables used explained the small percentage of criterion measures' variance. In conclusion, support from the principal, as well as self-efficiency and work engagement of teachers, has an important role in the prevention of job dissatisfaction and burnout in teachers.
Prednosti bavljenja sportom mnogostruke su i neosporne. Od najranije dobi igra ima veliku ulogu u fizičkom razvoju djeteta. Od prvih igara loptom do amaterskog i svakodnevnog odlaska na treninge, bez ...obzira je li riječ o individualnim ili grupnim sportovima, mladi čovjek ima priliku razviti mnoge fizičke i socijalne vještine. U fizičkom razvoju djeteta posebno se razvijaju spretnost, okretnost, brzina, snaga i izdržljivost. Djeca koja su dio sportskog tima, imaju priliku razviti potrebne socijalne vještine, međusobnu povezanost, samopouzdanje i toleranciju. Uče se prevladati tremu ili strah. U vrijeme sveprisutne i svima dostupne informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije suočeni smo s negativnim posljedicama korištenja istih. Pretilost, tromost, hiperaktivnost i gubitak pažnje samo su neke od smetnji ili čak bolesti koje zahvaćaju najugroženiji dio populacije, djecu i tinejdžere. Rad će predstaviti primjere sportskih aktivnosti i načine motivacije koji se koriste u Centru za pružanje usluga u zajednici Klasje u Osijeku.
Zdravstveni apsentizam zaposlenih utječe na uspješnost organizacije te je zato istraživanje njegovih čimbenika s aspekta motivacije društveno aktualno i vrijedno proučavanja. Cilj istraživanja je ...definirati koncepcijski model povezanosti zdravstvenoga apsentizma i nefinancijskih motivacijskih čimbenika kod profesionalnih vatrogasaca u Sloveniji, koji je oblikovan na temelju sustavnoga pregleda domaće i strane stručne literature, te istražiti je li odgovarajućom ili dovoljnom motivacijom moguće utjecati na stupanj zdravstvenoga apsentizma. U empirijskome dijelu istraživanja provedena je kvantitativna studija o odnosu izmeðu zdravstvenoga apsentizma i nefinancijskih motivacijskih čimbenika kod 356 profesionalnih vatrogasaca u Sloveniji iz 13 profesionalnih vatrogasnih postrojbi. Nije utvrðena povezanost izmeðu zadovoljstva na poslu odnosno radne situacije i zdravstvenoga apsentizma. Rezultati istraživanja pružaju teorijski i empirijski doprinos te će biti korisni za teoretičare, znanstvenike i praktičare u području proučavanja zdravstvenoga apsentizma i motivacije.
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