According to recent research, ethnoracial diversity negatively affects trust and social capital. This article challenges the current conception and measurement of "diversity" and invites scholars to ...rethink "so-cial capital" in complex societies. It reproduces the analysis of Putnam and shows that the association between diversity and self-reported trust is a compositional artifact attributable to residential sorting: non-whites report lower trust and are overrepresented in heterogeneous communities. The association between diversity and trust is better explained by differences between communities and their residents in terms of race/ethnicity, residential stability, and economic conditions; these classic indicators of inequality, not diversity, strongly and consistently predict self-reported trust. Diversity indexes also obscure the distinction between in-group and out-group contact. For whites, heterogeneity means more out-group neighbors; for nonwhites, heterogeneity means more in-group neighbors. Therefore, separate analyses were conducted by ethnoracial groups. Only for whites does living among out-group members--not in diverse communities per se--negatively predict trust.
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This article provides an overview of studies dedicated to the current state of the research of ergonyms, their classifications, functions and the analysis of language diversity that forms the ...ergonymy of Barcelona. Linguistic landscape is formed under the influence of social processes, thus being an indicator of the language preferences of the population. The formation of ergonyms belonging is a continuous process due to the socio-economic changes taking place in society and, above all, due to the integration with the economy, culture and the influence of other extralinguistic factors.
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The All of Us Research Program (All of Us) is a national effort to accelerate health research by exploring the relationship between lifestyle, environment, and genetics. It is set to become one of ...the largest research efforts in U.S. history, aiming to build a national resource of data from at least one million participants. All of Us aims to address the need for more diversity in research and set the stage for that diversity to be leveraged in precision medicine research to come. This paper describes how the program assessed demographic characteristics of participants who have enrolled in other U.S. biomedical research cohorts to better understand which groups are traditionally represented or underrepresented in biomedical research. We 1) reviewed the enrollment characteristics of national cohort studies like All of Us, and 2) surveyed the literature, focusing on key diversity categories essential to the program's enrollment aims. Based on these efforts, All of Us emphasizes enrollment of racial and ethnic minorities, and has formally designated the following additional groups as historically underrepresented: individuals-with inadequate access to medical care; under the age of 18 or over 65; with an annual household income at or below 200% of the federal poverty level; who have a cognitive or physical disability; have less than a high school education or equivalent; are intersex; identify as a sexual or gender minority; or live in rural or non-metropolitan areas. Research accounting for wider demographic variability is critical. Only by ensuring diversity and by addressing the very barriers that limit it, can we position All of Us to better understand and tackle health disparities.
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This meta-analysis summarizes the results of research on the relationships of majority group members’ endorsement of assimilation, colorblindness, multiculturalism, and the relative relationships of ...colorblindness and multiculturalism to ethnic prejudice. Random effects analyses found that assimilation was positively related to explicit prejudice (g. = 0.80), multiculturalism was negatively related to both explicit (g. = −0.26) and implicit prejudice (g. = −0.19), and colorblindness was negatively related to explicit prejudice (g. = −0.07). Multiculturalism was more closely associated with low prejudice than colorblindness (g. = 0.15). Effect sizes varied as a function of methodology (experimental vs. correlational), country in which research was conducted (United States vs. other countries), and, in experimental studies of multiculturalism, type of prime used (abstract vs. concrete). Discussion points include methodological issues, groups used as targets of prejudice, national diversity norms, additional issues raised in the studies reviewed, and directions for future research.
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La literatura infantil es uno de los elementos que se incorpora en las formas de vida los niños y niñas. Como producto cultural cumple una función social y comunicativa, que puede hacer parte de la ...construcción subjetiva del mundo de estos sujetos sociales, partícipes de las configuraciones culturales, de ahí, que conocer el abordaje que hace este material literario frente a la educación y la inclusión, es relevante teniendo en cuenta las múltiples formas de exclusión existentes en el contexto colombiano. Este artículo expone los resultados de la investigación "Discursos vinculados a la educación para la inclusión en los libros álbum de la literatura infantil colombiana publicada entre el 2008 y 2021" que tuvo como objetivos identificar, caracterizar y analizar dichos discursos. La metodología desarrolló una perspectiva hermenéutica, empleando como método el análisis del discurso multimodal propuesto por Kress y Van Leeuwen (2001), que permite la revisión de los distintos modos semióticos encontrados en la narrativa del libro álbum. Los principales resultados fueron la predominancia de la ilustración como mecanismo clave en la representación de las categorías grupos y ámbitos sociales, atendiendo al campo de conocimiento emergente de la educación para la inclusión con la presencia de personajes en ciclos de vida, género, condiciones y ámbitos diversos. Las conclusiones sugieren que si bien, en Colombia existen unas apuestas literarias infantiles que vinculan temas de la educación para la inclusión, aún son incipientes las referencias a temas como la discapacidad, la diversidad étnica y de género en los libros álbum colombianos.
This paper aims at studying how Shakespeare impacted on Herder, and how Herder uses Shakespeare's works as an illustration to form his opinions on nationalism. Shakespeare reflected the ideology, ...geo-politics of his age. His plays show the rise of the individual showing the signs of the rise of nationalism and the independent ideology of political freedom. Herder views them as a break from Greek drama having its regional features. Shakespeare becomes a symbol of Herder's nationalism and cultural diversity. The romanticism of Herder provided elements for the building of the idea of nation in Germany, and Shakespeare's plays helped him to arrive at a focused understanding of the changing processes and trends of European political history. Keywords: Johann Gottfried von Herder, Shakespeare, nationalism.
The Turnbull government presented Australia's fifth national multicultural policy statement in March 2017. This article analyses the policy statement and argues that it represents the most ...significant change to Australian multicultural policy in four decades. Among other things, it abandons the language of government responsiveness to cultural diversity that previously defined Australian multiculturalism. The 2017 policy amounts to a new form of post-multiculturalism-different from earlier conservative, neoliberal and centre-left versions-in that it seeks to 'mainstream' multicultural policy on the grounds that Australian multiculturalism has succeeded in its intended task. While a mainstreaming strategy of this sort is, I argue, theoretically consistent with Australia's liberal nationalist approach to cultural diversity, the institutional and attitudinal conditions that it presupposes are yet to be fully realised in Australia. More multicultural work needs to be done before this kind of post-multiculturalist approach is practicable.
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In recent years, European political leaders from Angela Merkel to David Cameron have discarded the term multiculturalism and now express scepticism, critique and even hostility towards multicultural ...ways of organising their societies. Yet they are unprepared to reverse the diversity existing in their states. These contradictory choices have different political consequences in the 11 European countries examined in this book: Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Sweden and Turkey. The future of European liberalism is being played out as multicultural notions of belonging, inclusion, tolerance and the national home are brought into question.
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