This article undertakes a critique of social return on investment (
SROI
), combining the existing research literature with an analysis of six case studies of supported social enterprises employing ...people with disabilities and other challenges that affect their access to the conventional labor market. The critique of
SROI
focuses on its positivist roots and its emphasis on one number, the
SROI
ratio. It also discusses the technical challenges in producing that number, including concerns about its reliability. The article presents the stakeholder impact statement, an approach that is rooted in interpretivism and attempts to understand the impact of enterprises through the eyes of multiple stakeholders. Unlike
SROI
, which is a supplement to conventional accounting statements, the stakeholder impact statement integrates financial and social impact data, thereby placing them on the same level of importance.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Purpose - The motivation behind this research is to remedy a gap in the literature on the role of branding within small to medium-sized not-for-profit organisations that are not part of the charity ...or voluntary sector.Design methodology approach - To understand the role precisely, a qualitative study based on in-depth interviews with not-for-profit small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) was undertaken. The study identifies how these organisations develop their brands and the role that branding plays within such organisations. Two new models are presented to visually demonstrate the processes - a brand development matrix as a guide to the brand development decision process, and a focal model for the role of branding within not-for-profit SMEs.Findings - Significantly, the study finds that employees play an important role as "ambassadors" of the brand. Forging links and working in partnerships were found to be exceptionally valuable in helping the organisations establish "a name" as well as raising awareness. Consequently, associations linked to the brand come from interactions that customers and other stakeholders have had with employees.Research limitations implications - The study was qualitative and, therefore, more subjective in nature.Practical implications - This study sought to explore how not-for-profit SMEs develop their brands to begin to remedy a gap in the current literature. The objectives of the study that the researchers set out to achieve have been aided by the development of two new models. The findings show evidence of similarities between the more conventional models of branding, whilst also revealing new findings not currently in the literature.Originality value - The horizon for not-for-profit organisations is changing. This has put increasing pressure on such organisations to establish "a name" for themselves. Although a considerable amount has been published on the role of branding in large commercial organisations, the researchers believe this is the first study to explicitly explore the role of branding to not-for-profit SMEs (not part of the charity voluntary sector).
В исследовании предлагается и апробируется подход к измерению коммуникативного потенциала сайтов некоммерческих организаций (НКО). Анализ строится на данных о технических характеристиках сайтов почти ...10 000 российских НКО, собранных авторами самостоятельно с помощью процедуры веб-скрейпинга. Коммуникативный потенциал оценивается в соответствии с принципами, предложенными М. Кентом и М. Тейлор, согласно которым сайт должен обладать простым интерфейсом, предоставлять полезную информацию, удерживать и «возвращать» пользователей. Результаты показывают, что сайты российских НКО обладают невысоким коммуникативным потенциалом. Для них в большей мере характерно соблюдение принципа полезности информации для поисковой оптимизации (до 82% веб-страниц соответствуют этому принципу). Для половины сайтов соблюдаются остальные принципы: простота интерфейса, генерация повторных посещений и полезность информации для доноров и волонтеров. Наибольшим коммуникативным потенциалом обладают сайты автономных некоммерческих организаций и благотворительных фондов, а также более молодых организаций. В работе также демонстрируется, что результаты, полученные с использованием нереактивных данных, существенно отличаются от результатов исследований, основанных на опросных данных и отражающих позицию представителей самих НКО. Благодарность. Авторы благодарят директора по инновациям Теплицы социальных технологий Дениса Ягодина и руководителя Теплицы социальных технологий Алексея Сидоренко за ценные комментарии и участие в обсуждениях на всех этапах исследования.
The 50-year history of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) spaceflight program is marked by spectacular accomplishments and devastating tragedy. NASA has suffered three major ...disasters, each of which destroyed a spacecraft and killed its crew. In the wake of each accident, investigators and analysts identified causes and recommended technical and organizational improvements that NASA should undertake. The NASA case presents an opportunity to examine the question: Do shocks change organizations? The article reviews three prominent theoretical models of organizational change. Then, using data derived from 5 years of participant observation, as well as government reports, academic investigations, and news articles, we present an analysis of whether the factors required for change identified in the literature were and are present at NASA. The results of this examination suggest that in the wake of these shocks, the agency undertook many technical and procedural changes, but that, as the literature predicts, there are also barriers embedded in the fabric of the agency that are likely to thwart change. We conclude by examining the prospects for understanding change in public, private, and nonprofit organizations of all sizes that experience shocks and offer propositions for future research.
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BFBNIB, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
For the past quarter-century, the field of voluntary action/nonprofit organization/third sector research has been dominated by a paradigm that focuses on organizations certified as tax exempt by the ...IRS and subject to an inability to distribute economic assets. This definition has facilitated large-scale empirical research but has dropped from visibility a wide range of important community-based voluntary and nonprofit organizations, including in the United States some 9 million grassroots organizations and a wide range of cooperative and mutual benefit organizations. In recent years, a critical literature has developed that challenges this dominant conception. This perspective has taken form under the leadership of the EMES European Research Network and employs a more expansive conception of the third sector than does the conventional American view. That conception is explored and refined in this article, the argument being that the value of the third sector far exceeds the contributions of tax-certified nonprofit organizations.
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Faced with large humanitarian emergencies like the earthquakes in Haiti and Japan, aid agencies have to decide how to collect money for their relief work. They can either decide to establish a ...special fund for the emergency and allow for earmarked donations or they can only allow for unearmarked donations. In this paper, we analyze impacts of this decision on donors, aid agencies, and policy makers. To this end, we compare two prevalent fundraising modes using optimization models: fundraising with the option of earmarking donations and fundraising without an earmarking option. In the earmarked case, we consider a new fundraising challenge, excessive funds raised for certain disaster relief projects. We find that desirable fundraising modes for donors, aid agencies, and policy makers differ depending on levels of several parameters, including an aid agency’s utility of a dollar raised, the fundraising cost factor, and donors’ unit utility of donations. Allowing for earmarking leads to a lower overall fundraising cost percentage. For emergencies with strong media attention and donor interest, allowing for earmarking of donations is likely to reduce fundraising activities of organizations with low fundraising costs, while it is likely to encourage fundraising activities among organizations with high fundraising costs.
Prikupljanje sredstava (fundraising) vrlo je važna aktivnost neprofitnih organizacija jer bez financijskih sredstava teško bismo mogli ostvariti svoju misiju. Planiranje prikupljanja sredstava čest ...je posao djelatnika za odnose s javnošću u neprofitnim organizacijama.
Za uspješno prikupljanje sredstava neizostavan je jasno definiran razlog za potporu (case for support).
Negativan publicitet povezan s troškovima kampanje može imati učinak na napore organizacija u prikupljanju sredstava jer ona najčešće ovise o potpori javnosti. Uobičajena visina troškova kampanje ne bi smjela prelaziti 12 – 15% ukupno prikupljenih sredstava, a troškovi do 20 % postali su gornja prihvatljiva razina. Prikupljanje sredstava mora poštovati etičke standarde, a troškovi se moraju kontrolirati. Brojne nevladine organizacije upravo su na etičkim standardima izgubile reputaciju, nestale sa scene i nanijele štetu cijelomu neprofitnom i humanitarnom sektoru. Jedan od najupečatljivijih primjera dobra prikupljanja i učinkovita korištenja prikupljenih sredstava međunarodna je humanitarna organizacija Mary’s Meals (Marijini obroci).
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
There Is Abuse Everywhere Martin, Nina
Urban affairs review (Thousand Oaks, Calif.),
05/2012, Volume:
48, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Migrant-serving nonprofit organizations negotiate some of the most intractable economic, social, and political problems in the United States. In the realm of economic development, nonprofit ...organizations have emerged as labor market intermediaries, devising various strategies to assist migrant workers in securing work, making ends meet on low wages, and negotiating an abusive workplace. I contribute to literatures in community and economic development, by presenting a definition of the sector of “migrant nonprofit organizations” and typologizing organizations’ labor market strategies. The role of nonprofit organizations in the labor market is contradictory, both flanking and contesting precarious work. The article draws on a survey and semistructured interviews with organizations in Chicago.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Film festivals around the world are in the business of making experiences for audiences, elites, industry, professionals, and even future cultural workers. Cinema and the Festivalization of ...Capitalism explains why these non-profit organizations work as they do: by attracting people who work for free, while appealing to businesses and policymakers as a cheap means to illuminate the creative city and draw attention to film art. Ann Vogel’s unprecedented systematic sociological analysis thus provides firm evidence for the ‘festival effect’, which situates the festival as a key intermediary in cinema value chains, yet also demonstrates the impact of such event culture on cultural workers’ lives. By probing the various resources and institutional pillars ensuring that the festivalization of capitalism is here to stay, Vogel urges us to think critically about publicly displayed benevolence in the context of cinema—and beyond.
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