"Healthy Aging in Sociocultural Context examines two emerging trends facing countries throughout the world: population aging and population diversity. It makes a unique contribution to our ...understanding of these timely issues by examining their implications for healthy aging, a topic of increasing importance to policy-makers, planners, researchers, families, and individuals of all ages. The book focuses on three countries that provide important examples of these emerging global trends - Japan, Sweden, and the United States. Japan and Sweden are at the forefront in terms of healthy life expectancies, while the United States represents a country with considerable diversity. Examining these three countries together provides a unique opportunity to address questions such as the following: How can we understand differences in healthy life expectancy among different countries? What role might diversity play? And how might these effects change as geographic mobility increases diversity, even among societies that historically have been relatively homogeneous?"--
Growing Old in an Older Brazil Michele Gragnolati, Ole Hagen Jorgensen, Romero Rocha, Anna Fruttero
2011, 2011-09-07
eBook, Book
Open access
This chapter introduces the main issues associated with population aging, many of which will be investigated in detail throughout the volume. The next section describes the demographic transformation ...that Brazil has been experiencing and highlights its specific features, including a very rapid population aging process in the next few decades. Then the main economic framework behind this work, the life cycle theory according to which individuals' economic behavior varies according to their age, is discussed. The section after that introduces the first and second demographic dividends associated with the changing population age structure that accompanies the demographic transition of any country. Next covered is how poverty is linked to the life cycle in Brazil and the role of public transfers in reducing poverty among different age groups, followed by an investigation of how public expenditures vary across age groups and generations and what makes Brazil distinct from comparable OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) and Latin American countries. Concluding the chapter are the main findings of the report.
In an era of changing demographics and values, this volume provides a cross-national and interdisciplinary perspective on the question of who cares for and about the elderly. The contributors reflect ...on research studies, experimental programmes and personal experience in Japan and the United States to explicitly compare how policies, practices and interpretations of elder care are evolving at the turn of the century.
Delirium is a medical emergency (Evans 2022) that causes simultaneous disturbance of attention, orientation and awareness (Finlay 2023). Delirium increases the risk of functional decline, ...institutionalisation, dementia and death (Barra et al 2023). Therefore, timely detection and appropriate management are essential.
Interdisciplinary perspective on the origin and significance of the numeral zero. Over 40 international scholars explore zero under four broad themes: history; religion, philosophy & linguistics; ...arts; and mathematics & science. With the existing research being very specialized, this is the first serious interdisciplinary study.
Family life has changed rapidly over te past fifty years and the number of people living longer increases year on year Family and Community Life of Older People revisits three areas (Bethnal Green in ...London, Wolverhampton in the Midlands and Woodford in Essex) which were the subject of classic studies in the late 1940s and 1950s and explores changes to the family and community lives of older people. The book examines issues such as: *changes in household composition *changes in the geographical proximity of kin and relatives *the extent and type of help provided by the family *contact and relationships with neighbours *relationships with friends *involvement in social and leisure activities *experiences of minority ethnic groups. These questions are explored through a unique set of data including census material, and survey data from interviews with over 600 older people. A key finding is that over the past 50 years we have moved from an old age experienced within the context of the family group to one shaped by personal communities in which friends may feature as significantly as immediate kin and relatives. Family and Community Life of Older People is a major contribution to the sociology of the family, of ageing, and of urban life and points up the social policy issues for an ageing society.
A dilemma long faced by western societies-how to bring the generations together-is also of growing concern in the east. In Japan, where, until recently, the extended family often lived under the same ...roof, social programs designed to facilitate interaction between old and young have proliferated. Leng Leng Thang offers an in-depth view of one of those programs, an unusual social welfare institution called Kotoen.
Kotoen is a pioneering facility for multigenerational living, providing both daycare for preschoolers and a home for elderly residents. With its twin mottoes offureai(being in touch) anddaikazoku(large extended family), it has been the subject of widespread media attention and has served as a model for other institutions. Yet Kotoen has never before been studied seriously.
Under its director's inspiring leadership, Kotoen looks unusually promising, but Thang is wary of simplistic conclusions. Her interviews, research, and work as a volunteer at Kotoen reveal the complaints common among some elderly residents toward their surroundings in old age institutions as well as the painful persistence of the traditional family ideal. Yet far from calling the experiment a failure, Thang challenges accepted wisdom and so-called common sense to reveal the advantages and limitations of the relationships fostered between Kotoen's "grandchildren" and "grandparents." The lessons learned from Kotoen illuminate the urgency of re-engaging the generations in an aging society and provide direction for improving the quality of life for all.
A dilemma long faced by western societies-how to bring the generations together-is also of growing concern in the east. In Japan, where, until recently, the extended family often lived under the same roof, social programs designed to facilitate interaction between old and young have proliferated. Leng Leng Thang offers an in-depth view of one of those programs, an unusual social welfare institution called Kotoen. Kotoen is a pioneering facility for multigenerational living, providing both daycare for preschoolers and a home for elderly residents. With its twin mottoes of fureai (being in touch) and daikazoku (large extended family), it has been the subject of widespread media attention and has served as a model for other institutions. Yet Kotoen has never before been studied seriously.Under its director's inspiring leadership, Kotoen looks unusually promising, but Thang is wary of simplistic conclusions. Her interviews, research, and work as a volunteer at Kotoen reveal the complaints common among some elderly residents toward their surroundings in old age institutions as well as the painful persistence of the traditional family ideal. Yet far from calling the experiment a failure, Thang challenges accepted wisdom and so-called common sense to reveal the advantages and limitations of the relationships fostered between Kotoen's "grandchildren" and "grandparents." The lessons learned from Kotoen illuminate the urgency of re-engaging the generations in an aging society and provide direction for improving the quality of life for all.
Introduction The orexin system regulates sleep and arousal. Following single-ascending dose (SAD) morning and repeated evening administration of ACT-541468, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics ...(PD), safety, tolerability, and residual next-day effects were investigated in healthy elderly subjects. Methods Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, SAD study (5, 15, and 25 mg in the morning) in 24 male and female elderly subjects (65-80 years, 6/2 active/placebo per group, 1:1 sex ratio). In a separate study part, 10 subjects (8/2 active/placebo) received 25 mg for 7 days at bedtime. PK, PD (saccadic peak velocity (SPV), adaptive tracking, body sway, Bond and Lader visual analog scales, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale), safety, and tolerability were assessed. Results Absorption of ACT-541468 was quick, with median maximum plasma concentrations reached at 0.8-1.0 h across the dose range. The geometric mean elimination half-life was 8.5-9.8 h, the area under the curve, and the maximum plasma concentration increased proportionally to the dose administered. Following evening administration of 25 mg for 7 days, no relevant accumulation was observed. In the SAD part, there were no PD effects at 5 mg. At 15 mg, SPV was reduced, returning to baseline after 12 h, while other PD variables showed no effects. At 25 mg, effects on all PD parameters were observed, with an onset ≤ 1 h post-dose and a maximum mean effect at 1-2 h. PD effects returned to baseline 8-12 h post-dose. No next-day residual effects on objective and subjective PD variables were observed when assessments were performed in the next morning after evening administration. The incidence of adverse events in the elderly subjects of this study was lower when compared to young adults in previous studies. Conclusion ACT-541468 in elderly subjects, both after morning and evening administration, was safe and PK and PD are compatible with a drug for the treatment of insomnia. Support (If Any) Clemens Muehlan and Jasper Dingemanse are employees at Idorsia, the sponsor of the study. The investigators Rob Zuiker, Sander Brooks and Joop van Gerven are employees of CHDR.
The Futures of Old Age Vincent, John A; Phillipson, Chris; Downs, Murna
2006, 2006-05-15
eBook
Prepared by the British Society of Gerontology, The Futures of Old Age brings together twenty-one leading UK and US gerontologists, drawing on their expertise and research. The book′s seven sections ...deal with key contemporary themes, including population aging, households and families, health, wealth, pensions, migration, inequalities, gender, and self and identity in later life. The Futures of Old Age is thought-provoking reading for anyone studying aging, especially for those attending courses in gerontology and related areas, as well as for those concerned with the development of social and economic policy.
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