The measurement and characterisation of surface topography is crucial to modern manufacturing industry. The control of areal surface structure allows a manufacturer to radically alter the ...functionality of a part. Examples include structuring to effect fluidics, optics, tribology, aerodynamics and biology. To control such manufacturing methods requires measurement strategies. There is now a large range of new optical techniques on the market, or being developed in academia, that can measure areal surface topography. Each method has its strong points and limitations. The book starts with introductory chapters on optical instruments, their common language, generic features and limitations, and their calibration. Each type of modern optical instrument is described (in a common format) by an expert in the field. The book is intended for both industrial and academic scientists and engineers, and will be useful for undergraduate and postgraduate studies.
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This unique book brings together RF Engineering and Optical Integration in terrestrial fixed and mobile networks, space networks and sub orbital communication systems (Low Altitude Platforms and ...High-Altitude Platforms). It is written specifically to help optical engineers to understand RF engineering and RF engineers needing to understand the optical technologies used in fixed and mobile networks, including local and long-distance fiber, free space terrestrial optical point to links, earth to space and space to earth links and inter satellite and inter-constellation cross connect. The book shows you how to mix and match RF and optical efficiently and explains how to repurpose terrestrial RF and terrestrial optical for space deployment. You'll learn how to decide whether to use an RF or optical link; how to calculate an RF and optical link budget; how to interface an optical signal to an RF bearer - and vice versa; how to multiplex RF and optical signals in guided and unguided media; and much more. This is a must-have book for practicing RF engineers, optical engineers, and planners of satcom and terrestrial networks, supply chain partners to 5G/satellite RF/optical integrations needing understanding of problems and solutions. It is also accessible to readers with a market, financial and/or regulatory interest. The book is a follow on to 5G Spectrum and Standards (Artech House_ Varrall_2016) and 5G and Satellite Spectrum, Standards and Scale (Artech House_ Varrall_2018).
Fiber-optic communication systems have revolutionized our telecommunication infrastructures - currently, almost all telephone land-line, cellular, and internet communications must travel via some ...form of optical fibers. In these transmission systems, neither the phase nor frequency of the optical signal carries information - only the intensity of the signal is used. To transmit more information in a single optical carrier, the phase of the optical carrier must be explored. As a result, there is renewed interest in phase-modulated optical communications, mainly in direct-detection DPSK signals for long-haul optical communication systems. When optical amplifiers are used to maintain certain signal level among the fiber link, the system is limited by amplifier noises and fiber nonlinearities. Phase-Modulated Optical Communication Systems surveys this newly popular area, covering the following topics: - The transmitter and receiver for phase-modulated coherent lightwave systems - Method for performance analysis of phase-modulated optical signals - Direct-detection DPSK signal with fiber nonlinearities, degraded by nonlinear phase noise and intrachannel effects - Wavelength-division-multiplexed direct-detection DPSK signals - Multi-level phase-modulated optical signals, such as the four-phase DQPSK signal. Graduate students, professional engineers, and researchers will all benefit from this updated treatment of an important topic in the optical communications field.
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The purpose of this study is to determine to what extent students' problem solving skill on geometric optical topic. The method used was survey on 34 students of XI graders at SMA Negeri 9 Malang who ...have obtained optical geometry lesson. The average score of problem solving skill of students was 61,12, with the highest score was 184 and the lowest score was 34. The result of the research shows that students problem solving ability in the novice category is bigger than expert category,thus it needs to implement learning which improves students problem solving ability. Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kemampaun pemecahan masalah siswa pada materi optika geometri. Metode yang digunakan dengan survei pada 34 siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 9 Malang yang telah memperoleh pelajaran optika geometri. Nilai rata-rata kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa sebesar 61,12 dengan nilai tertinggi adalah 184 dan nilai terendah 34. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dalam kategori novice lebih besar daripada kategori expert, sehingga perlu diterapan pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa.
Surface Plasmon Nanophotonics Brongersma, Mark L; Kik, Pieter G
Surface Plasmon Nanophotonics (Springer Series in Optical Sciences Volume 131),
2007, 2006-07-15, 20070401, Volume:
131
eBook, Book Chapter
Open access
This book discusses a new class of photonic devices, known as surface plasmon nanophotonic structures. The book highlights several exciting new discoveries, while providing a clear discussion of the ...underlying physics, the nanofabrication issues, and the materials considerations involved in designing plasmonic devices with new functionality. Chapters written by the leaders in the field of plasmonics provide a solid background to each topic.
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This is the first comprehensive book on the engineering of diamond optical devices. It will give readers an up-to-date account of the properties of optical quality synthetic diamond (single crystal, ...nanodiamond and polycrystalline) and reviews the large and growing field of engineering of diamond-based optical devices, with applications in quantum computation, nano-imaging, high performance lasers, and biomedicine. It aims to provide scientists, engineers and physicists with a valuable resource and reference book for the design and performance of diamond-based optical devices.
This book is an indispensable collection of key optical measurement techniques essential for developing and characterizing today's photonic devices and fiber optic systems. Provided are comprehensive ...and systematic descriptions of various fiber optic measurement methods with the emphasis on the understanding of optoelectronic signal processing methodologies, helping the reader to weigh up the pros and cons of each technique and establish their suitability for the task at hand.
This book is intended to provide expert guidance through the properties of photonic crystal fibers, with a specific focus on the telecommunication aspects. This is the first book to report a complete ...overview of photonic crystal fiber analysis and design for telecom applications. The authors believe that photonic crystal fibers can revolutionize the field of guided optics and its applications.
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"Scanning and stationary-beam electron microscopes have become an indespensible tool for both research and routine evaluation in materials science, the semiconductor industry, nanotechnology and the ...biological, forensic, and medical sciences. This book provides an introduction to the theory and current practice of electron microscopy, aimed primarily at undergraduates who need to learn how the basic principles of physics are applied in an important area of science and technology that has contributed greatly to our knowledge of life processes and ""inner space."" However, it will be equally valuable for technologists who make use of electron microscopes and for graduate students, university teachers and researchers who need a concise text that deals with the basic principles of microscopy. Less technical but broader in scope than other microscopy textbooks, Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy is appropriate for undergraduates and technologists with limited mathematical training."
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