This qualitative systematic review examined the context‐specific factors that influence the implementation of youth participatory action research (YPAR) projects in high schools within the United ...States. Thematic synthesis was conducted to identify and analyze the YPAR implementation factors that were present in 38 peer‐reviewed studies. Results indicate the following two analytic themes concerning YPAR implementation in high schools: (a) pedagogical strategies and (b) stakeholder dynamics and needs. The themes provide support for existing ecological frameworks of implementation factors and demonstrate that adult researchers’ project‐specific decisions are nested within educational power structures. This paper will discuss the implications of these YPAR implementation themes in executing YPAR projects in high schools.
Highlights
Review of 38 studies of YPAR in U.S. high schools and factors that affect implementation.
Two analytic themes emerged: pedagogical strategies, and stakeholder dynamics and needs.
Adult researchers make pedagogy choices related to time, course, curriculum, and youth needs.
Stakeholder dynamics and needs in schools create added power dynamics influencing implementation.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that community-based environmental change intervention prevents undesirable weight gain in children. Method The method used ...in this study was a two-year, non-randomized, controlled trial (2003–2005) using community-based participatory methodology in three diverse cities in Massachusetts: one intervention and two socio-demographically-matched control communities (pooled for analysis). Children (n = 1028), with a mean age = 7.61 + 1.04 years participated. Interventions were made to improve energy balance by increasing physical activity options and availability of healthful foods (Year 1). To firmly secure sustainability, the study team supported policies and shifted intervention work to community members (Year 2). Results Change in body mass index z-score (BMIz) was assessed by multiple regression, accounting for clustering within communities and adjusting for baseline covariates. Sex-specific overweight/obesity prevalence, incidence and remission were assessed. Over the two-year period, BMIz of children in the intervention community decreased by − 0.06 p = 0.005, 95% confidence interval: − 0.08 to − 0.04 compared to controls. Prevalence of overweight/obesity decreased in males (OR = 0.61, p = 0.01) and females (OR = 0.78, p = 0.01) and remission increased in males (OR 3.18, p = 0.03) and females (OR 1.93, p = 0.03) in intervention compared to controls. Conclusion Results demonstrate promise for preventing childhood obesity using a sustainable multi-level community-based model and reinforce the need for wide-reaching environmental and policy interventions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Participation of Black American older adults in community-engaged research remains challenging in health sciences. The objectives of this study were to describe the specific efforts, successes, and ...challenges in recruiting Black American older adults in research led by the Health and Wellness in Aging Across the Lifespan core, part of the Virginia Commonwealth University Institute for Inclusion, Inquiry, and Innovation (iCubed). We conducted a cross-case analysis of 6 community-engaged research projects using the community-engaged research continuum model. Successful recruitment strategies comprised a multifaceted approach to community-based collaboration, including a wellness program with a long standing relationship with the community, engaging key stakeholders and a community advisory board, and building a community-based coalition of stakeholders. Posting flyers and modest monetary compensation remain standard recruitment strategies. The cross-case analysis offered critical lessons on the community's nature and level of engagement in research. Relationship building based on trust and respect is essential to solving complex aging issues in the community.
Community-academic partnerships to enable research within minoritized communities are ever more important. Building on community-based participatory research frameworks, the Ubuntu Approach is ...offered as a set of principles for initiating and supporting meaningful and productive community-academic research partnerships. Particularly pertinent when the research is for and about systemically oppressed groups, the action principles are: 1) take risks; 2) identify and align core values; 3) create connection; 4) convey respect; 5) cultivate trust; and 6) put the work (i.e., benefit to the community) first, all of which are designed to create a culture for the partnership. These principles formed the foundation for the authors’ community-academic partnership that resulted in Project SOAR (Speaking Our African American Realities), research to advance the understanding of the nature and consequences of the Strong Black Woman schema, and other culturally-relevant constructs, in the context of the breast cancer experience. Data from the first, qualitative phase of Project SOAR, in which 37 Black women diagnosed with breast cancer took part in culturally curated Gatherings (i.e., focus groups), provide evidence that steps toward the goal of benefiting the community were accomplished and that the Ubuntu Approach can be an effective method for community-academic partnerships.
•The Ubuntu approach is a strategy to facilitate community-academic research.•The Ubuntu Approach's guiding action principles are outlined (e.g., take risks).•The Ubuntu Approach aided Project SOAR (Speaking Our African American Realities).•Ubuntu guided Project SOAR Gatherings (culturally curated focus groups).•Black women breast cancer survivors reacted positively to the Gatherings.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Objective: Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is based on power as fundamental to doing research. It evolved as a way of "knowing" from the broader idea of natural science. While ...previously viewed as objective, natural science is now understood as, at least, partially socially constructed. Method: History of research and epistemology is reviewed in terms of science. More specifically, we delve into science as social construction and how this conceptually opens the door to considering power in its processes. We then unpack CBPR as one way to do mental health research that artfully weaves power into method. Results: Natural science has evolved from believing scientism (i.e., the scientific method) is sufficient to describe physical and social phenomena to terms of social constructivism; namely, the social processes that impact investigators are necessary to understand science and its product. This highlights the role of power; namely, investigator choices about hypotheses, methods, analyses, and interpretations influence the products of individual studies. The recovery movement is the embodiment of power that significantly changed research and rehabilitation in mental health. CBPR has emerged to include people with lived experience in the research enterprise. CBPR is partnership among people with lived experience, health scientists, and service providers in all facets of doing research. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Integrating CBPR into rehabilitation science has led to findings and actions that better serve community objectives. Continuing to weave CBPR into research and development will further enhance recovery in practice.
Impact and Implications
This review found community-based participatory research (CBPR) to be partnership between people with psychiatric disabilities and other stakeholders, including mental health scientists, family members, service providers, and administrators. CBPR is fundamentally action-based and grounded in power by enabling people to gather evidence so that they can make decisions about their communities.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ, UPUK
Objective: This article conceptually examined the need for and utility of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches for increasing rates of engagement in psychological research among ...underserved minoritized ethnoracial groups. Methods: This article examined the literature for relevant studies examining rates of research engagement by minoritized ethnoracial groups, significant factors precluding research engagement, and the consequences of this disparity for mental health outcomes. The theoretical literature outlining the development and utility of alternative, community-based participatory research methods was included. Key features of CBPR were examined along with limitations of current approaches. A case study example of CBPR is provided. Results: The use of CBPR approaches has been documented to improve health outcomes, reduce stigma toward mental health research and treatment, and build the professional capacity of community partners, particularly among minoritized ethnoracial groups. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: CBPR engagement practices are a means of reducing the mental health research gap for ethnic and racial minoritized groups. The use of such approaches in future research and practice will directly inform how existing psychological treatments may be modified per the needs of the patient, address long standing issues of cultural mistrust toward professional institutions, and reduce mental health stigma in underserved communities.
Impact and Implications
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) practices are a demonstrated means of increasing research engagement among minoritized ethnoracial groups. CBPR approaches address longstanding issues of cultural mistrust and mental health stigma among these populations as well as historical mistreatment of underserved communities by professional entities. Community-based work academically informs better practices while increasing community efficacy and capacity.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ, UPUK
A fundamental feature of community-based participatory research (CBPR) is sharing findings with community members and engaging community partners in the dissemination process. To be truly ...collaborative, dissemination should involve community members in a two-way dialogue about new research findings. Yet little literature describes how to engage communities in dialogue about research findings, especially with historically marginalized communities where mistrust of researchers may exist because of past or present social injustices. Through a series of interactive community presentations on findings from a longitudinal study, we developed a process for community dissemination that involved several overlapping phases: planning, outreach, content development, interactive presentations, and follow-up. Through this process, we built on existing and new community relationships. Following each interactive presentation, the research team debriefed and reviewed notes to identify lessons learned from the process. Key themes included the importance of creating a flexible dissemination plan, tailoring presentations to each community group, establishing a point person to serve as a community liaison, and continuing dialogue with community members after the presentations. Core strategies for developing trust during dissemination included engaging community members at every step, reserving ample time for discussion during presentations, building rapport by sharing personal experiences, being receptive to and learning from criticism, and implementing input from community members. This process led to a deeper understanding of research findings and ensured that results reached community members who were invested in them.
Objective: This systematic review examined community-based participatory research (CBPR) studies in which people with mental illness (PWMI) directly contributed to research projects. The purpose was ...to describe study characteristics, team structure and logistics, and level of involvement of in the research process. Method: We searched the PsycINFO database from January 2000 to July 2020, identifying 1,395 records and analyzing the 31 that met inclusion criteria. Articles were eligible if they were (a) published in English in a peer-reviewed journal; (b) explicitly stated that at least one adult with mental illness assisted with the study as a CBPR team member; and (c) included a research outcome. Results: Most studies collected qualitative data. Project length, team composition, and frequency of meetings were not specified in about one third of the articles. Twenty-nine studies reported involvement of people with mental illness in research activities such as recruitment, data collection, transcription, and analysis. Nearly half did not specify if they received any training. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Individuals with mental illness were heavily involved in planning and conducting research, demonstrating the feasibility of meaningful involvement. Future research should consider how people with lived experience can assist with quantitative methods, and articles should clearly and explicitly describe characteristics of the partnership (e.g., team composition, frequency of meetings, compensation). The protocol is published in Open Science registry at https://osf.io/mshfb.
Impact and Implications
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) studies involving people with mental illness span four areas: understanding health care and societal experiences, identifying needs and barriers, developing interventions, and examining their impact. Most were qualitative, suggesting more training is required for quantitative studies. Articles did not consistently report project length, meeting frequency, compensation, or dissemination, but this information is necessary to maintain transparency and highlight benefits of involving people with lived experience in CBPR.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ, UPUK
As part of a 5-year study to develop and validate an instrument for measuring success in long-standing community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnerships, we utilized the Delphi method with a ...panel of 16 community and academic CBPR experts to assess face and content validity of the instrument’s broad concepts of success and measurement items. In addition to incorporating quantitative and qualitative feedback from two online surveys, we included a 2-day face-to-face meeting with the Expert Panel to invite open discussion and diversity of opinion in line with the CBPR principles framing and guiding the study. The face-to-face meeting allowed experts to review the survey data (with maintained anonymity), convey their perspectives, and offer interpretations that were untapped in the online surveys. Using a CBPR approach facilitated a synergistic process that moved above and beyond the consensus achieved in the initial Delphi rounds, to enhance the Delphi technique and the development of items in the instrument.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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