Marxism holds that the internal essence of culture lies in the inherent identity of culture and man, and in the spiritual essence of man and that there would be no culture without man and man’s ...spirit. From the perspective of the source of culture, it is man’s transcendence over nature. From the point of view of the process of its evolution, it is the sum of all human social relationships. Culture has the characteristics of man’s sociality and is shared by an entire cultural community. The essential complexity of culture is the logical expression of human thinking, and the logic reflection of cultural practice. Cultural practice, i.e., human practice, is influenced and constrained not only by external practice, but also by the consciousness of man himself. Such two-way internal and external effects determine the particular law and logic of culture itself in its development, i.e., the dialectical unity between decisiveness and selectivity, and between nationality and cosmopolitanness, in the development of culture; the dialectical unity between the consistency of basic trends in terms of the law of cultural development and the diversity of choices of paths; and the dialectical unity between diversity and unity concerning paths for the development of culture.
The publication of «Selected Records from 1965 to 1989» has exposed the reader to poetry of Vladimir Bibikhin’s poetry as a key to understanding the patterns of culture. In these records, Bibikhin ...discussed the formation of the canons of national poetry and its peculiarities. In his poetry, Bibikhin emulated the poetic style and essence of Russian poetry, surrounded by the aura of myth and replacing moralistic content with existential themes. These poems delved into the ethical-metaphysical question of how presence in existence is possible without arrogance or violation of the rights of others. Bibikhin reflected on the relationship between poetry and prose during the formation of national literatures. He insists on the non-conditionality of the distribution of forms of poetry and poetic expression, political construction as a source of the national language, and the role of bodily movements, such as walking, running, and swimming. The exploration of these movements, discovered during the implementation of a cultural and missionary national programme, gives rise to both stable forms of verse and new genre-thematic complexes. The Records demonstrate how poetry allowed the poet to unveil the underside of the myth of the poet, revealing the role of conceptualizations in the development of creative individuality and the associated rhythm. A comprehensive examination of Bibikhin's expertise in verse and his poetry addresses several related questions: how late Soviet independent philosophy initially interpreted cultural creativity, not predetermined but aimed at the formation of universal social organization; how hermeneutic efforts were directed towards metacritique of social rituals; and how composing verses helped explain the regularities of text interpretation in different periods, thus elucidating the specificity of pivotal epochs in culture as eras of problematizing this interpretation.
Eine Architekturästhetik des Inauthentischen richtet sich gegen jenen Authentizitätsbegriff, der in der Architekturtheorie und -publizistik als Zentralkategorie fungiert, um künstlerische ...Autorschaft, bauliche Materialität und unverfälschten Traditionsbezug zu beglaubigen und zu prämieren. Mit der Artikulation der Qualitäten architektonischer Inauthentizitätsphänomene, wie sie die stilimitierende Baukunst des Historismus und deklarativ künstliche Themenarchitekturen - etwa in den Stadtästhetiken von Budapest, Tiflis, Baku, Wiesbaden, Atlantic City und Doha - ausbilden, will Christian Rabl mit seinen Architekturen des Inauthentischen die architekturtheoretischen Authentizitätskategorien deplausibilisieren.
Siguiendo las ideas clásicas, la tecnología se entiende como una especie de control del movimiento. Este control específico se mostrará históricamente en el ejército y la marina, es decir, en el ...campo militar. Sabiendo que nuestra Era se autoexplica como un período tecnológico, este artículo intenta dar cuenta de cuáles son las particularidades de esta tecnología militar relacionadas con los tiempos modernos de los nuevos entornos tecnológicos. De cara a este propósito, y junto a un breve resumen de las tecnologías militares, los conceptos principales serán los espectáculos como una nueva forma de reconocer a los ciudadanos actuales como espectadores y usuarios de las nuevas realidades tecnológicas. Como resultado, habrá una nueva y sin precedente forma de control de la realidad.
This article provides a survey of approaches and conceptual means elaborated in recent decades in the studies of pluralistic tendencies in Indian culture. The concepts of inclusivism, perspectivism, ...antologizing and polyphony are discussed in a close relation with the specific context in which they were introduced, as well as with the implicit presuppositions of the scholars who elaborated them. In particular, the interpretations of inclusivism introduced by Paul Hacker and Gerhard Oberhammer were inextricably intertwined with the views on Indian religions these scholars developed. The concept of perspectivism was introduced in a philosophical context, mainly with respect to Bhartṛhari’s and Jaina philosophy. Antologizing and polyphony can be characterized as a more cautious way to conceptualize pluralistic tendencies in Indian traditional discourse, because they focus on narrative strategies that enable expressing alternative views in the frames of a single text. From a historical point of view pluralistic tendencies might be stipulated by the diverse social reality in Ancient India where heterogeneous cultural phenomena coexisted in a process of mutual reinterpretation and adaptation. Another possible presupposition of perspectivism could be the cyclic concept of time that was predominant in Indian traditional discourse. In Indian intellectual systems pluralistic practices were usually legitimized with the view that there are different levels of truth. Though instances of inclusivism can be discovered in the cultures of different regions, it was in India that inclusivism became a dominant trend in the cultural history.
The formation of personality attracted the attention of both classics of philosophical thought, in particular the works of C. Pierce, Z. Freud, and representatives of modern philosophical discourse ...(Z. Bauman, P. Ricceur, J. Hararri, K. Wilber). Recent research states that the main obstacle to formation of the individual and society is cultural trauma that arises as a result of the development of totalitarian colonial societies in the twentieth century. The concept of cultural trauma is analyzed in the studies of J. Alexander, С. Сaruth , A. Neаl. The aim is to explore the individual in modern and postmodern paradigm, the application of concepts of development, education, self-development and self-education of the individual in postmodern discourse, to consider education and self-development as key strategies of postmodern philosophy in overcoming totalitarian cultural trauma. Scientific novelty. It is stated that education, development and self-development of the individual become main strategies of information age and postmodern culture, which contributes to overcoming the totalitarian colonial traumatic experience. The personality in modern and postmodern paradigm (concepts, attitude to the personality, processes of education, social institutions, self-education) is investigated. It should be noted that self-development of the individual will acquire a global scale: whether it is measured by the coefficient of happiness or economic efficiency of a society, there are scientific debates, one thing is certain - at the same time education, self-education and upbringing become the deal of not individual countries, but humanity on the whole. Conclusions. 1. In the modern paradigm, the individual implicitly contains the antithesis of mental and physical origin, immutability, and hence eternity, and development as a certain adaptation of man to external circumstances of socio-cultural life. 2. Postmodernism replaces this contradiction with the controversy or dialectic of personality as unchanging, perfect and at the same time constantly growing under the influence of both external and internal factors, the application of the concepts of self-development and self-education philosophical paradigm, as modern and colonial discourse seeks to do. 3. Based on the presented argumentation, the conclusion is made about education and self-development as key strategies of postmodern philosophy in overcoming totalitarian cultural trauma of imprisonment.
Philosophy of the Symbolic Cassirer, Ernst
Journal of Transcendental Philosophy,
04/2021, Volume:
2, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The historical beginnings of Ernst Cassirer’s philosophy of culture remain unclear. For it is not apparent how his major philosophy of culture and the
, published in the 1920s, emerged from his ...earlier epistemological work and
from 1910. However, this gap can be filled to a certain extent by the “Disposition” of a “Philosophy of the Symbolic” from 1917 that could be reconstructed from Cassirer’s literary estate and is documented in this contribution. In the preceding “Introduction” an overview of Cassirer’s text is given and some consequences for our general understanding of Cassirer’s project of a philosophy of culture are put up for discussion.
Mutual influence of external and internal factors that determine the process of sociocultural identification is now becoming increasingly interrelated and unpredictable. The documentation of the ...observed trends in the media text, which is the subject of this study, allows for the research study and philosophical understanding of the ongoing changes. In particular, a comprehensive analysis of the publications in the authoritative British magazine The Economist in recent years made it possible to identify the main contexts in which the linguistic projection of the concept of identity constitutes itself, as well as to establish the most noticeable directions of its changes. The analysis of the dynamics of these changes, in turn, opened up the opportunity to highlight the main directions of the search and conditions for the adoption of new identities, that complement or replace existing ones. As a result of the research, it has been proved: from the standpoint of the authors of The Economist, first, politics always directly or indirectly affects all dimensions of personal and collective identity; secondly, any political action today is perceived by them in the context of identity politics. If for the subject identity determines meaning and provides security, then for the external actors it is an opportunity to gain political weight through “support” and “pressure”. According to the stance of The Economist, identity change often occurs arbitrarily rather than involuntarily and represents the promotion (akin to advertising) of group identity. Several conclusions of the study concern how natural language is able to convey the subtleties of identity dynamics, and how this is related to the development of the concept of identity culture. The results of the study are applicable for a detailed analysis of the discourse of identity by specialists from different scientific fields, as well as for the development of communicative competence in general. Keywords: philosophy of culture, sociocultural identity, identity transformations, media representation, conceptualization, identity politics
Eine Architekturästhetik des Inauthentischen richtet sich gegen jenen Authentizitätsbegriff, der in der Architekturtheorie und -publizistik als Zentralkategorie fungiert, um künstlerische ...Autorschaft, bauliche Materialität und unverfälschten Traditionsbezug zu beglaubigen und zu prämieren. Mit der Artikulation der Qualitäten architektonischer Inauthentizitätsphänomene, wie sie die stilimitierende Baukunst des Historismus und deklarativ künstliche Themenarchitekturen - etwa in den Stadtästhetiken von Budapest, Tiflis, Baku, Wiesbaden, Atlantic City und Doha - ausbilden, will Christian Rabl mit seinen Architekturen des Inauthentischen die architekturtheoretischen Authentizitätskategorien deplausibilisieren.
Ne propunem, în cele ce urmează, să evidențiem câteva dintre opiniile formulate de unii gânditori de seamă ai umanității din veacurile trecute – fie ei filosofi sau teoreticieni ai culturii, ...civilizației ori ai științelor educației – cu privire la problematica valorii, în general, cu accent asupra valorilor fundamentale și a impactului acestora asupra conturării paradigmei idealului educațional din diverse epoci. Pe deplin conștienți de vastitatea temei, căreia ar trebui să i se consacre o cercetare exhaustivă, într-un volum distinct, mărturisim că ne-am propus deocamdată doar să semnalăm subiectul în cauză, formulând câteva aserțiuni cu intenționalitate mai curând prolegomenică/ propedeutică. Ne-am oprit în pragul epocii moderne, întrucât de aici înainte pedagogia se desparte tot mai mult de filosofie, conturându-se o disciplină aparte, cu obiect de studiu propriu, denumită cel mai adesea filosofia educației. De remarcat, din perspectiva temei abordate de noi aici, este faptul că, indiferent de denominația atribuită disciplinelor care se ocupă de educație, problema privind valorile fundamentale este una recurentă, după cum perenă este și influența ori contribuția acestora la edificarea paradigmei idealului educațional în diverse epoci.
FUNDAMENTAL VALUES AS EPISTOMOLOGICAL REFERENCES IN EDIFYING THE PARADIGM OF THE EDUCATIONAL IDEAL
In this article we intend to highlight certain opinions formulated by some leading thinkers of humanity from the past centuries - philosophers and theorists in the field of culture, civilization or educational sciences - on the issue of value in general, with emphasis on the fundamental values and their impact on shaping the paradigm of the educational ideal in different eras. Fully aware of the vastness of the topic that deserves an exhaustive research in a separate volume, we intend, for the time being, to have an initial approach to the subject matter, formulating some assertions in a rather prolegomenic/propaedeutic manner. We focused on the beginning of the modern epoch, because from then on pedagogy becomes more and more separated from philosophy, outlining a special discipline, with its own object of study, most often called the philosophy of education. Interesting to note that from the perspective of the subject under investigation, regardless of the name given to the disciplines dealing with education, the problem of fundamental values is a recurring one; likewise, their influence or contribution to building the paradigm of educational ideal in different epochs is enduring too.
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