This paper proposes a method to elucidate the viewing tendencies of e-Sports, i.e., organized video game competition, game players as based on defined layout patterns of game user interfaces. The ...basic game interface layout varies according to the e-Sports game genre, and the primary video game genres associated with e-Sports are first-person shooter, multiplayer online battle arena, and fighting. Thus, in this study, a prototypical genre-specific system that uses a technique similar to that used in heat mapping was developed to better understand the point of view of the player.
In this paper, we propose an interface to support post-match play-by-play analysis of a hand-to-hand fighting game based on the two players' eye movements. In the domain of e-Sports, the "fighting ...game" genre refers to hand-to-hand combat games in which two players fight each other by manipulating their respective martial artist characters within the same game screen. An e-Sports match, like a professional chess match, is followed by analysis and commentary about the performance of the players. In this study, we constructed an interface for visualizing information about the match based on the players' eye movements to facilitate post-match play-by-play analysis and commentary. Our interface highlights commonalities and differences in the areas on the screen where the players focus their attention, as well as commonalities and differences in the direction of their eye movements.
Social play is about relating to others, playing and making friends - all of which are key elements for social inclusion, adjustment and well-being. The Social Play Record is a practical resource for ...assessing and developing social play in children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs) or difficulties with social interaction. This toolkit is designed to be used collaboratively with children, parents, carers and practitioners. It is suitable for assessing children of all learning abilities and stages of development, from early infancy to adolescence, and includes photocopiable assessment and intervention materials. The toolkit is divided into user-friendly sections, including: * a guidance section, which also gives information on what constitutes social play, its significance, development and how to address social interaction difficulties * an assessment section for recording stages of social play and key abilities, such as independent and peer play, friendship and advanced group skills * an intervention section, which gives step-by-step directions for developing key social play skills. Parents, teachers and professionals working with or caring for a child with social interaction difficulties will find this toolkit an essential assessment resource.
Written by a leading child psychologist, this clearly written and practical book provides a template for interpreting change and meaning in children's lives through their play activity. It shows how ...each child's pattern of play has a distinct profile of measurable features. These can be identified - and can be used to assess the child's development. The processes of change that a child goes through and the different kinds of play profiles are clearly illustrated with examples from real life. This will be a useful resource for all professionals who work with children and are looking to support their development through a deeper understanding of their inner experiences, including family therapists, educational psychologists, special needs teachers, play therapists and child care social workers.
Through a descriptive study of the temporal and physiological characteristics of elite singles badminton players, we were able to analyze a large sample of male and female Spanish players (n=79) who ...participated in national, international and world level competitions. We collected data on (a) temporal structure and actions in play, which were video-recorded and retrospectively analysed for all matches, (b) heart rates and (c) blood lactate concentration from capillary samples taken from the earlobe. These data were used to describe elite singles badminton competition in relation to sex and competition levels. Results showed that elite singles badminton is a highly demanding sport, with high maximum and mean heart rate (192 and 174 beats.min-1), a total match time over 30 minutes and an average rallies of 89 per match. Moreover, rallies had a rally length (work time) of 6.8 s and 13.9 s rest (rest time) between rallies. Significant differences existed between men`s and women`s modalities at all competition levels except for the World Championships, and between levels of elite competition. These findings have allowed recommendations to be made with regard to the preparation of players for competition at the highest level.
Based upon the Bayesian framework for analyzing the discovery sequence in a play, a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler—the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, is employed to sample model parameters and pool ...sizes from their joint posterior distribution. The proposed sampling scheme ensures that the parameter space of changing dimension can be traversed in spite of the unknown number of pools. The equal sample weights make it easy to obtain the confidence intervals and assess the statistical error in the estimates, so that the statistical behaviors of the discovery process modeling can be well understood. Two application examples of the Halten play in Norwegian Sea and the Bashaw reef play in the Western Canada Basin show that, the computational advantage of this method to the simple Monte Carlo integration is considerable. In order to increase the convergence speed of the sample chains to the posterior distributions, several parallel simulations with different starting values are recommended.
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A probabilistic method that is based upon conditional probability theory and the laws of expectation has been developed for estimating the undiscovered oil and gas resources in a petroleum play. It ...takes into account the favorable geological conditions that influence the accumulation of oil and gas and those factors which influence the distribution and the quantity of undiscovered oil and gas. Information about the number and size of undiscovered resources is provided. A practical application in the Turpan-Hami Basin in northwestern China is described.
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Kako bi se utvrdila upotrebna vrijednost jednog modela za praćenje nogometne igre momčadi i igrača u napadu u uvjetima natjecanja odabrana je utakmica Brazil – Škotska koja je odigrana na Svjetskom ...nogometnom prvenstvu u Francuskoj 1998. godine. Mjerenjem varijabli AKCIJA, TIJELO, PROSTOR, VLOPTA (vođenje lopte), IGRAČ, FAZA NAPADA, TIP NAPADA, PROSTOR prema tipu IGRAČA, FAZA NAPADA prema tipu IGRAČA te TIP NAPADA prema tipu IGRAČA opisana su sva zbivanja tijekom napada za vrijeme nogometne utakmice. Za analizu podataka korištene su kontingencijske tablice, gdje su statističke značajnosti raspodjele frekvencija utvrđene hi-kvadrat testom, a stupanj povezanosti koeficijentima kontingencije. Entitete su predstavljali napadi promatranih momčadi, koji su se dobili sumacijom akcija za vrijeme trajanja napada. Napad je definiran trenutkom dolaska u posjed lopte, kao i svim akcijama koje ga obilježavaju do trenutka gubljenja posjeda lopte. Kriterij za početak mjerenja trajanja napada, kao i za njegovu registraciju, bila su najmanje dva dodira s loptom koje su i ostvarili igrači jedne od momčadi. Podaci, prikupljeni metodom opservacije video zapisa, analizirani su statističkim paketom SPSS za MS WINDOWS plat- formu. Ciljevi ovoga rada bili su:
1. utvrditi razlike u igri između dvije promatrane momčadi u pojedinim varijablama,
2. utvrditi razlike u igri mebu tipovima igrača u pojedinim varijablama,
3. ocijeniti model sustavnog praćenja nogometne igre igrača i momčadi u napadu u uvjetima natjecanja s obzirom na njegov ka- pacitet da razlikuje stil igre dviju momčadi.
Na temelju detaljne analize varijabli i njihovih modaliteta može se zaključiti da su ciljevi navedeni u ovome radu ostvareni.
1) Utvrđene su razlike između dvije momčadi uočene u načinu igranja u napadu. Igru brazilske momčadi obilježio je veći broj odigranih akcija (58.7%) u usporedbi sa škotskom momčadi (41.3%). Rezultati su također pokazali da su Brazilci igrali agresivnije te da su izveli više akcija u podprostorima na sredini terena i u podprostorima koji se nalaze bliže protivničkim vratima. Nadalje, vođenje lopte na srednje dugim i dugim udaljenostima dominiralo je igrom brazilske momčadi. Usporedbom dvije momčadi došlo se do zaključka da su Brazilci izveli veći broj akcija u središnjoj i završnoj fazi napada (60.2% i 63.8%) od Škota (39.8% i 36.2%).
2) Vidljivo je da su vratari obje momčadi sudjelovali isključivo u fazi otvaranja napada, dok se u središnjoj i završnoj fazi napada ne nalaze. Obrambeni bočni igrači i vratari obiju momčadi dominirali su u fazi otvaranja napada, vezni igrači u središnjoj fazi, a bočni napadači u završnoj fazi napada. Vezni su igrači u obje momčadi ponijeli najveći teret grabenja igre. Kontinuirani napad osmišljavaju i sudjeluju u najvećem broju akcija u takovom tipu napada vezni igrači (43.7%), zatim bočni napadači (26.5%) te obrambeni bočni sa 13,3%. U kon- tranapadu najviše sudjeluju bočni napadači sa 28.9% akcija, zatim srednji napadači sa 27.7% te vezni igraci sa 25.3% udjela. Polukontranapad obilježavaju vezni igrači u kojemu sudjeluju sa 40.7% akcija, zatim bočni napadači sa 36% te srednji napadači sa 13.8% akcija. S obzirom na podprostore igrališta, vezni su igrači pokrili 15 od ukupno 18 podprostora koji čine nogometno igralište. Vidljivo je da su se vezni igrači pojavljivaili na gotovo svim dijelovima terena. Utvrđeno je da je mjerni instrument omogućio određivanje tipa igrača na temelju učestalosti njegova pojavljivanja na pojedinim dijelovima terena.
3) Na temelju dobivenih podataka moguće je zaključiti da se model praćenja nogometne igre u napadu, pokazao kao vrijedan doprinos analizi igre u fazi napada tijekom nogometne utakmice te da razlikuje stilove igre dviju momčadi.
This automatic video sequence recommendation method selects optimal sets of context-dependent, high-quality viewpoints from multiview videos to enhance the viewing experience. The recommendation ...method bases its selections on user preferences.
The skillful use of joking to achieve characterization, within the essentially male world of the recent American film,
Sling Blade, is the focus of this paper. The elusive yet socially highly ...significant notion of ‘sense of humor’ is assumed to reveal itself in social practice through joking interaction. For an appropriate analysis of situated discursive practice, I take a broad interpretation of ‘joking’, within an interactional sociolinguistic framework, to indicate any shift of footing from ‘serious’ to ‘non-serious’, whether signalled proactively or retroactively in the interaction, whether taken up or not by other interlocutors. Characterization is achieved through different styles of joking, representing typifications of gender role behavior within the rural American Southern world of the film. Good ol’ boy Bill, the fix-it shop owner, uses typical solidarity joking, including ritualized joking associated with conversational routines, narrative jokes, and teasing or ‘ritual insult’ joking. Bigoted and abusive ‘redneck’ Doyle uses joking to express his own hostility, either in the form of sarcasm, or as a retroactive ‘cover’ for his intentionally insulting remarks. Vaughn, a gay man, uses irony as his main style, symbolic of his veiled gender identity. Karl and Frank, who have the most important emotional bond in the movie in the form of a friendship across generations, engage in the only joking which constitutes a true empathic connection. The main female character, Frank's mother Linda, existing in an essentially male world in the screenplay, operates in a mode of seriousness, participating in joking only by responding as socially required. Her one ambiguous attempt at joking, as a social control move on Doyle, is ineffectual. A narrative dirty joke, first occurring among men at the fix-it shop, is used effectively for characterization when Karl later tries to tell it to Linda in the mistaken belief that it constitutes an appropriate way to be sociable. Billy Bob Thornton, a native of rural Arkansas in the American South, not only wrote and adapted the screenplay for the film (for which he won an Academy Award in 1996), but also directed the film, and portrayed the starring character. The joking styles are analyzed as aesthetic typifications which can be used in the service of characterization. The treatment of joking within
Brown and Levinson's (1987) pragmatic framework is critiqued, and a more comprehensive analysis is offered, one which combines the pragmalinguistic and the sociopragmatic.
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