By taking into account both the study of indigenous languages and the discipline of linguistics at large, this issue of Revista Linguística presents to the reader a series of dialogues internal to ...the field itself, as well as those that take place at the interface between linguistics and other sciences. These will certainly benefit ongoing investigations under a formalist framework, while, at the same time, suggesting new possibilities for re-interpretations and fresh assessments of traditional themes under a formalist approach. We present, in what follows, the proposals and developments internal to each of the papers included in this edited volume.
Ao levar em consideração as línguas indígenas e a própria Linguística, este número da Revista Linguística coloca à disposição dos leitores diálogos internos à Linguística e aqueles que, dando-se entre a Linguística e outras ciências, podem beneficiar não somente análises em curso sob a perspectiva formal, mas também dar margem a reinterpretações ou tratamentos angulados formalmente. Apresentamos a seguir os movimentos internos a cada artigo constante deste número e a sua contribuição.
Presentación Fernández Rojas, Xinia
Población y salud en mesoamérica,
2020, Volume:
18, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The School of Nutrition of the University of Costa Rica has been generating knowledge and human talent for 40 years and is now an accredited and mature academic unit.
La Escuela de Nutrición de la ...Universidad de Costa Rica ha estado generando conocimiento y talento humano desde hace ya 40 años y en la actualidad como una unidad académica acreditada y madura.
Fronteiras intermidiáticas do cinema Costa, Flávia Cesarino; Miranda, Suzana Reck; Paiva, Samuel
Rumores,
12/2018, Volume:
12, Issue:
24
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Em novembro de 2015 o Cinemídia – Grupo de Estudos sobre História e Teoria das Mídias Audiovisuais do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Imagem e Som da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) – que ...existe desde 2013 e é liderado por nós, autores que agora apresentamos este dossiê – realizou o seu I Encontro Internacional, o I Cinemídia, com o tema Intermidialidades. O objetivo das conferências e comunicações foi estimular o debate e a investigação sobre modos de interação entre mídias e a ativação de suas zonas fronteiriças.
Antigen processing and presentation Kotsias, Fiorella; Cebrian, Ignacio; Alloatti, Andrés
International review of cell and molecular biology,
2019, Volume:
348
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Dendritic cells are at the center of immune responses. They are defined by their ability to sense the environment, take up and process antigen, migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, where they ...present antigens to the adaptive immune system. In particular, they present lipids and proteins from pathogens, which they encountered in peripheral tissues, to T cells in order to induce a specific effector immune response. These complex antigens need to be broken down into peptides of a certain length in association with Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. Presentation of MHC/antigen complexes alongside costimulatory molecules and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines will induce an appropriate immune response. This interaction between dendritic cells and T cells takes place at defined locations within secondary lymphoid organs. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge and recent advances on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie antigen processing and the subsequent presentation to T lymphocytes.
Although antigen cross-presentation in dendritic cells (DCs) is critical to the initiation of most cytotoxic immune responses, the intracellular mechanisms and traffic pathways involved are still ...unclear. One of the most critical steps in this process, the export of internalized antigen to the cytosol, has been suggested to be mediated by Sec61. Sec61 is the channel that translocates signal peptide-bearing nascent polypeptides into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and it was also proposed to mediate protein retrotranslocation during ER-associated degradation (a process called ERAD). Here, we used a newly identified Sec61 blocker, mycolactone, to analyze Sec61's contribution to antigen cross-presentation, ERAD, and transport of internalized antigens into the cytosol. As shown previously in other cell types, mycolactone prevented protein import into the ER of DCs. Mycolactone-mediated Sec61 blockade also potently suppressed both antigen cross-presentation and direct presentation of synthetic peptides to CD8
T cells. In contrast, it did not affect protein export from the ER lumen or from endosomes into the cytosol, suggesting that the inhibition of cross-presentation was not related to either of these trafficking pathways. Proteomic profiling of mycolactone-exposed DCs showed that expression of mediators of antigen presentation, including MHC class I and β2 microglobulin, were highly susceptible to mycolactone treatment, indicating that Sec61 blockade affects antigen cross-presentation indirectly. Together, our data suggest that the defective translocation and subsequent degradation of Sec61 substrates is the cause of altered antigen cross-presentation in Sec61-blocked DCs.
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