The rising threats to worldwide security (affecting the military, first responders, and civilians) urge us to develop efficient and versatile technological solutions to protect human beings. ...Soldiers, medical personnel, firefighters, and law enforcement officers should be adequately protected, so that their exposure to biological warfare agents (BWAs) is minimized, and infectious microorganisms cannot be spread so easily. Current bioprotective military garments include multilayered fabrics integrating activated carbon as a sorptive agent and a separate filtrating layer for passive protection. However, secondary contaminants emerge following their accumulation within the carbon filler. The clothing becomes too heavy and warm to wear, not breathable even, preventing the wearer from working for extended hours. Hence, a strong need exists to select and/or create selectively permeable layered fibrous structures with bioactive agents that offer an efficient filtering capability and biocidal skills, ensuring lightweightness, comfort, and multifunctionality. This review aims to showcase the main possibilities and trends of bioprotective textiles, focusing on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), inorganic nanoparticles (e.g., ZnO-based), and organic players such as chitosan (CS)-based small-scale particles and plant-derived compounds as bioactive agents. The textile itself should be further evaluated as the foundation for the barrier effect and in terms of comfort. The outputs of a thorough, standardized characterization should dictate the best elements for each approach.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
22.
THE INFLUENCE OF TEXTILE FINISHING TECHNOLOGY ON UPF VISILEANU Emilia; MITRAN Cornelia; MANCASI Iulian ...
Annals of the University of Oradea: Fascicle of Textiles, Leatherwork,
05/2019, Volume:
XX, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Open access
The main goal of the study was to develop an ecological and comfortable textiles for summer clothes with increased Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF>50+) able to protect human body from harmful ...effects of UV rays. The identification of critical parameters to create new fabric structures, manufacturing of weaving and knitting samples, evaluation of the textile characteristics and optimization of dyeing and finishing technologies with setting of an efficient, cost-effective and eco-friendly method to enable really industrial dyeing and development of UV protective textile materials for summer clothes, sportswear and leisure equipment were took into consideration. New innovative aspects such as a new approach to produce comfortable UV shielding fabrics with UPF > +50 by engineering innovative structured textiles surfaces, combining natural selected dyes and modified nanoclays leading to high UV rays reflection and increased use of renewable resources (natural dyes) and safe natural minerals (clays) with high impact on human health and environment (avoidance of the substances excluded by eco-labels and the REACH SVHC candidate list) were envisaged. The paper presents the level of UPF obtained by using 100% viscose material treated with Nanomer I.31PS, Nanomer clay and Nanomer I.28 E, Nanomer clay.
Plant-derived monoterpenoids have been shown to possess various biological effects, providing a scientific basis for their potential usage as antibacterial agents. Therefore, considering problems ...surrounding bacteria′s antibacterial resistance, the utilization of natural antimicrobial compounds such as monoterpenoids in different industries has gained much attention. The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize various concentrations of plant-derived monoterpenoids, geraniol (G) and carvacrol (C), loaded into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers via emulsion electrospinning. The antibacterial activities of the fabricated nanofibers were evaluated using three types of antibacterial assays (inhibition zone tests, live/dead bacterial cell assays, and antibacterial kinetic growth assays). Among the samples, 10 wt% carvacrol-loaded PLA nanofibers (C10) had the most bactericidal activity, with the widest inhibition zone of 5.26 cm and the highest visible dead bacteria using the inhibition zone test and live/dead bacterial cell assay. In order to quantitatively analyze the antibacterial activities of 5 wt% carvacrol-loaded PLA nanofibers (C5), C10, 5 wt% geraniol-loaded PLA nanofibers (G5), and 10 wt% geraniol-loaded PLA nanofibers (G10) against E. coli and S.epidermidis, growth kinetic curves were analyzed using OD600. For the results, we found that the antibacterial performance was as follows: C10 > C5 > G10 > G5. Overall, carvacrol or geraniol-loaded PLA nanofibers are promising antibacterial materials for improving fiber functionality.
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The demand for personal protective equipment increased exponentially during the COVID-19 epidemic, and the shortage of medical protective clothing has prompted consideration for the recycling of ...medical protective clothing. However, it is still challenging to maintain an excellent barrier property and functionality for medical protective material after cyclic sterilization. Herein, the autoclavable nanofibrous laminated composite fabrics with excellent waterproof and breathability were fabricated by electrospinning and lamination technology. The TPU/PEI nanofibrous membranes were hydrophobically treated and then laminated with two fabrics to construct sandwich structure composite fabrics. The laminated fabrics showed robust hydrostatic pressure of 38 kPa, high antisynthetic blood penetration of level 4, high filtration efficiency of 99.7%, and outstanding water vapor transmission rate of 5.2 kg m–2 d–1. Furthermore, benefiting from the excellent high-temperature resistance, dimensional stability, and outstanding tensile strength of TPU/PEI nanofibrous membranes, the as-prepared laminated fabrics could be autoclaved 10 times without great degradation of liquid barrier and breathability properties. The successful preparations of autoclavable nanofibrous laminated fabrics shed light on the reusable medical protective clothing design and provide useful guidance to solve the critical issue of the protective materials shortage.
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At present, the textile sector is involved in many diversified fields for the development and sustainability of novel products and polymer-based composites, with several challenges present when it ...comes to producing innovative, novel, and durable materials. The fabrication of textiles and polymer-based composites as advanced and multifunctional materials in applied industries is a core fundamental concept of this Special Issue, including textile materials, their structures, surface-treated textiles, nanocoated textiles, mathematical modeling, and the use of artificial intelligence (machine learning) for the predicting their most important parameters; textile material reinforcement in composites and polymer composites; and the synthesis, characterization, and applications of textile-based polymer composites for economic and environmental sustainability. This Special Issue covers the following research topics: Synthesis and characterization of functional textiles—natural, synthetic, blended, etc.; Synthesis and characterization of polymer composites—natural, synthetic, hybrid, inorganic, etc.; Analysis of developed composites—interfacial, mechanical, thermal, physical, etc.; Surface treatment of textile-based polymer composites—coating, sorption processes. etc.
Most of the fatalities and injuries of oilfield workers result from inadequate protection and comfort by their clothing under various work hazards and ambient environments. Both the thermal ...protective performance and thermo-physiological comfort performance of textile fabrics used in clothing significantly contribute to the mitigation of workers' skin burns and heat-stress-related deaths. This study aimed to apply the ANN modeling approach to analyze clothing performance considering the wearers' sweat moisture and the microclimate air gap that is generated in between their body and clothing. Firstly, thermal protective and thermo-physiological comfort performance of fire protective textiles used in oilfield workers' clothing were characterized. Different fabric properties (e.g., thickness, weight, fabric count), thermal protective performance, and thermo-physiological comfort performance were measured. The key fabric property that affects thermal protective and thermo-physiological performance was identified as thickness by statistical analysis. The ANN modeling approach could be successfully implemented to analyze the performance of fabrics in order to predict the performance more conveniently based on the fabric properties. It is expected that the developed models could inform on-duty oilfield workers about protective and thermo-physiological comfort performance and provide them with occupational health and safety.
Auxetic materials expand in at least one dimension, when stretched longitudinally i.e. they have negative Poisson’s ratio. Development of 2D woven auxetic fabrics (AF) is a new approach to develop ...mechanically stable auxetic textile structures. However, the mechanical response of such emerging structure is still not studied in detail yet, therefore different mechanical properties of 2D woven AF are compared with conventional non-auxetic fabric (NAF). AF was developed by orienting yarns in auxetic honey-comb (AHC) geometry and auxeticity is induced due to such orientation of yarns. AF was developed using conventional (non-auxetic) materials; cotton yarn and elastane cotton yarn in warp and weft dimension respectively, using air jet loom. Structure and auxeticity of AF were analyzed using a digital microscope and its different mechanical properties (tensile strength, tear strength, bursting strength, cut resistance, and puncture resistance) were studied. AF showed superior mechanical properties with a lower initial modulus, which is beneficial for different protective textiles applications like cut resistance gloves, blast resistant curtains, and puncture tolerant elastomeric composites.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Military personnel are exposed to several harsh conditions and mosquitos in mountains and wild forests. Mosquito-repellent textiles can help them to cope with such conditions. The present research ...work established a sustainable approach for fabricating microcapsules from Eucalyptus oil, Moringa oleifera, and Arabic gum via a complex coacervation method. Moringa oleifera and Arabic gums were utilized as the outer shell of the microcapsules, whereas the core part was made of Eucalyptus oil in different concentrations. The military camouflage-printed polyester/cotton (PC) blended fabric was coated with the as-prepared microcapsules using the pad–dry–cure technique. The surface morphology of the microcapsules was examined using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the coated fabric’s mosquito-repellent property was investigated using a specified cage test according to a standard testing protocol. The water absorbency and air permeability of the treated samples were also evaluated in order to learn about the comfort properties. The cage test results revealed that the coated fabric had a good tendency to repel the mosquitoes used in the cage test. In addition, the coated fabric showed significant durability even after several rigorous washing cycles. However, the application of microcapsules to the fabric slightly affected the water absorbency and air permeability of the fabric. This study presents a novel sustainable approach for fabricating microcapsules from the mentioned precursors and their application in the field of textiles, particularly for military purposes.
The X-ray in the field of medical imaging is an important diagnostic tool, but it has been identified that there are potential radiation risks associated with the X-ray radiation scans. These risks ...have traditionally been guarded against using lead based shields. Lead has excellent radiation shielding properties, but it is also heavy and a potential health and environmental hazard due to its toxicity. Thus, there have been studies seeking to find an alternative that is as effective and yet counters the other drawbacks. In this paper, preliminary studies were conducted to assess the shielding effect of barium sulphate (BaSO
4
) and bismuth oxide (Bi
2
O
3
) on the coated fabric samples. X-ray transmission resulting from standard lead coated samples, uncoated fabric, BaSO
4
, and BaSO
4
/Bi
2
O
3
coated fabrics was evaluated via measuring the penetration of primary radiation. Different properties such as mass per unit area, material thickness, and surface morphology were examined. All samples were irradiated by X-ray at 80 kVp to measure the amount of transmissions. The X-ray transmission level associated with BaSO
4
ranged from 84.5 % to 70.5 %. However, this level was elevated to 55.6 % when BaSO
4
/Bi
2
O
3
mixture was applied on the fabric. The theoretical attenuation coefficient values associated with different coating mixtures comprising different weight proportions of BaSO
4
, Bi
2
O
3
, and PVC were determined between 0 MeV and 105 MeV using XCOM code. The XCOM results implied that the X-ray attenuation coefficient among all prepared coatings should be the mixture comprising 13.3 wt% Bi
2
O
3
/20 wt% BaSO
4
/66.7 wt% PVC, which was in agreement with the experimental results obtained from X-ray transmission measurements.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
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