This review highlights lipid molecules identified in the structures of photosynthetic complexes and discusses roles of lipids in the assembly and functions of photosynthetic complexes in plants, ...algae, and cyanobacteria.
Abstract
In the thylakoid membrane of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, many proteins involved in photosynthesis are associated with or integrated into the fluid bilayer matrix formed by four unique glycerolipid classes, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, digalactosyldiacylglycerol, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, and phosphatidylglycerol. Biochemical and molecular genetic studies have revealed that these glycerolipids play essential roles not only in the formation of thylakoid lipid bilayers but also in the assembly and functions of photosynthetic complexes. Moreover, considerable advances in structural biology have identified a number of lipid molecules within the photosynthetic complexes such as PSI and PSII. These data have provided important insights into the association of lipids with protein subunits in photosynthetic complexes and the distribution of lipids in the thylakoid membrane. Here, we summarize recent high-resolution observations of lipid molecules in the structures of photosynthetic complexes from plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, and evaluate the distribution of lipids among photosynthetic protein complexes and thylakoid lipid bilayers. By integrating the structural information into the findings from biochemical and molecular genetic studies, we highlight the conserved and differentiated roles of lipids in the assembly and functions of photosynthetic complexes among plants, algae, and cyanobacteria.
Systems biologists study interaction data to understand the behaviour of whole cell systems, and their environment, at a molecular level. In order to effectively achieve this goal, it is critical ...that researchers have high quality interaction datasets available to them, in a standard data format, and also a suite of tools with which to analyse such data and form experimentally testable hypotheses from them. The PSI-MI XML standard interchange format was initially published in 2004, and expanded in 2007 to enable the download and interchange of molecular interaction data. PSI-XML2.5 was designed to describe experimental data and to date has fulfilled this basic requirement. However, new use cases have arisen that the format cannot properly accommodate. These include data abstracted from more than one publication such as allosteric/cooperative interactions and protein complexes, dynamic interactions and the need to link kinetic and affinity data to specific mutational changes.
The Molecular Interaction workgroup of the HUPO-PSI has extended the existing, well-used XML interchange format for molecular interaction data to meet new use cases and enable the capture of new data types, following extensive community consultation. PSI-MI XML3.0 expands the capabilities of the format beyond simple experimental data, with a concomitant update of the tool suite which serves this format. The format has been implemented by key data producers such as the International Molecular Exchange (IMEx) Consortium of protein interaction databases and the Complex Portal.
PSI-MI XML3.0 has been developed by the data producers, data users, tool developers and database providers who constitute the PSI-MI workgroup. This group now actively supports PSI-MI XML2.5 as the main interchange format for experimental data, PSI-MI XML3.0 which additionally handles more complex data types, and the simpler, tab-delimited MITAB2.5, 2.6 and 2.7 for rapid parsing and download.
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Few studies have investigated the imagery experiences that occur during scale responses on the mental imagery vividness scale. The current study examined and categorizes such imagery experiences. A ...total of 68 adults were presented with visual items of the Japanese version of the Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (Psi-Q) online. They were then asked to write freely about the imagery experiences. The results of the KJ method revealed three major categories of such experiences: cases in which i) only visual imagery, ii) unspecified sensory modality imagery, and iii) an emotional experience occurred. Next, the visual imagery was classified along six axes (movement, source, realism, presence, perspective, and range of imagined objects). According to these results, various imagery experiences occurred during the scale responses. Future studies should examine the influence of such experiences on vividness measures.
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We revisit the theory connecting chlorophyll a fluorescence to photosynthesis in the spatiotemporal context of remote sensing. Physical, physiological, and methodological factors are discussed, and a ...roadmap to future research presented.
Derribar las fronteras mentales Almirón Sabá, María de los Ángeles
Revista question,
06/2020, Volume:
2, Issue:
66
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
En este trabajo se explora la interpelación ideológica en discursos contemporáneos en cuya materialidad aparece la idea de frontera en torno de la presencia de un sujeto empresario-de-sí-mismo. Se ...analiza así cómo es fabricado el sujeto en discursos psicologistas del yo en tanto “creador de realidades deseadas” y “administrador de vínculos deseables”, interpelándoselo como individuo dotado de la potencia y del deber de transformar su vida gestionando sus relaciones con los otros, y atribuyéndose sus determinaciones al plano inmaterial de lo mental en dicha interpelación.
We investigate some solitary wave results of time fractional evolution equations. By employing the extended rational
exp
(
(
−
ψ
′
ψ
)
(
η
)
)
-expansion method, a few different results including ...kink, singular-kink, multiple soliton, and periodic wave solutions are formally generated. It is worth mentioning that the solutions obtained are more general with more parameters. The exact solutions are constructed in the form of exponential, trigonometric, rational, and hyperbolic functions. With the choice of proper values of parameters, graphs to some of the obtained solutions are drawn. On comparing some special cases, our solutions are in good agreement with the results published previously and the remaining are new.
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In the present paper, first, a
ψ$$ \psi $$‐delayed Mittag–Leffler type function is introduced, which generalizes the existing delayed Mittag–Leffler type function. Second, by means of
ψ$$ \psi ...$$‐delayed Mittag–Leffler type function, an exact analytical solution formula to non‐homogeneous linear delayed Langevin equations involving two distinct
ψ$$ \psi $$‐Caputo type fractional derivatives of general orders is obtained. Moreover, existence and uniqueness, stability of solution to nonlinear delayed Langevin fractional differential equations is obtained in the weighted space. Numerical and simulated examples are shared to exemplify the theoretical findings.
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Despite the hype surrounding Artificial Intelligence (AI), the potential of AI in customer relationship management (CRM) remains underexplored in academia. A between-subjects experiment examined the ...effects of the type of relationship (virtual assistantship versus virtual friendship) consumers build with AI-enabled chatbots on brand personality perception, parasocial interaction (PSI), and CRM. The main effects of the relationship type on brand personality perception appeared for competent brand personality, but not for sincere brand personality. The consumer-chatbot relationship type had effects on CRM-related outcomes (behavioral intention, satisfaction, and trust) through competent brand personality. Consumers who interacted with a friend chatbot experienced stronger PSI with the chatbot, and the relationship type had an influence on brand personality perception through PSI. This mediating effect of PSI was observed for both brand personalities - competence and sincerity. The moderating role of ideological views (technopians versus luddites) in explaining the effect of the relationship type on brand personality perception was detected for sincere brand personality. AI designers and marketers need to develop AI user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) along with marketing strategies that not only can appeal to technopians ready to adopt innovative AI customer representatives but also can ultimately help alleviate luddites’ AI anxiety in the emerging “feeling economy” envisioned by Rust and Huang.
•Chatbots can form virtual assistantship versus virtual friendship with customers.•Chatbots can represent a brand in customer relationship management (CRM).•Brand personality perception and parasocial interaction (PSI) affect CRM.•Virtual friend chatbots induce stronger PSI than virtual assistant chatbots.•Technopians and luddites respond differently to AI-manifested brand personality.
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