Protein isolate from pumpkin oil cake (PuOC PI) was hydrolysed by alcalase, flavourzyme and by sequential use of these enzymes, respectively, and the antioxidant properties and angiotensin-I ...converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of hydrolysates were evaluated. Under the same reaction conditions, alcalase hydrolysates showed a higher degree of hydrolysis (DH) than did flavourzyme hydrolysates. The highest DH’s by individual enzymes were 53.23
±
0.7% and 37.17
±
1.05%, respectively, both at 60
min. The increase of radical scavenging activity (RSA) in hydrolysates was positively correlated with the increase of DH, for both enzymes, though hydrolysates with flavourzyme showed two- or three-fold lower RSA than with alcalase. The highest bioactive potential was determined in the alcalase hydrolysate at 60
min, with RSA being 7.59
±
0.081
mM
TEAC/mg and ACE-inhibitory activity 71.05
±
7.5% (IC
50
=
0.422
mg/ml). When this hydrolysate was further hydrolysed by flavourzyme, DH increased up to 69.29
±
0.9%, but lower RSA (4.82
±
0.21
mM
TEAC/mg) and ACE-inhibitory activity (55.81
±
6.196%) were determined in the final hydrolysate. This study suggested that the PuOC proteins could be converted into protein hydrolysates with antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities by enzymatic hydrolysis. Alcalase was shown as promising enzyme in further development of bioprocesses for the production of new bioactive food ingredients.
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•PuOC with zein in heat-sealing area and duplex PuOC/MZ pouches were formed.•Pouches were used for flaxseed oil packaging.•Control pouches were based on PET/PE.•Oxidative and ...composition changes and sensory quality of packed oil were analyzed.•PuOC-based pouches present good protection for flaxseed oil.
Lipid oxidation in fatty food products presents serious challenge, significantly limiting their shelf-life. One of the possible approaches to deal with it is use of high-barrier or active packaging. Oxidation affects the formation of potentially toxic aldehydes through the degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, reducing the nutritive value of food, and leads to significant changes in sensory properties. For fatty food products packing, biopolymer packaging materials may provide good alternative to plastic, due to competitive barrier properties to gases, their natural origin and biodegradability. In this paper, composite pumpkin oil cake (PuOC) and duplex pumpkin oil cake/maize zein films (PuOC/MZ) were prepared. Potential protective effects PuOC-based pouches were tested for packing fatty food products, and flaxseed oil was used as a model food system. Results showed that PuOC-based films ensure good oxidative stability and less satisfactory sensory quality of oil, without significance changes in oil composition.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK
Relevance and methods.
Pumpkin fruits and seeds are valuable raw materials for the food
and pharmaceutical industries. Of particular value are pumpkin seeds, from which oil and
protein products are ...obtained. The purpose of our research is to identify the best breeding
samples of pumpkin in terms of seed yield and pumpkin oil and to study their biochemical
composition. The evaluation of 12 samples of pumpkin was carried out according to the main
economic and biological characteristics.
Results.
According to the yield of seeds and the yield of pumpkin oil, the following samples
were distinguished: Delta, Golosemyanno-kustovaya, Line 2-3, Line 2-5. The biochemical
composition of seed samples with high seed yields was studied in terms of the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins and minerals. A biochemical
analysis of pumpkin seed oil for fatty acids, sterols and minerals was carried out. Seeds of
hard-barked pumpkin of Belarusian selection are sources of high protein content (34-35%)
with a wide range of essential amino acids, fats (43-45.8%), unsaturated and saturated fatty
acids, as well as carbohydrates (9.6-11.9%) , a number of vitamins, macro- and microelements.
We have developed a method for the determination of tocopherols in different edible oils by RP-HPLC, using a FLD detector, a Poroshell column as a stationary phase, and a mixture of acetonitrile, ...methanol and water (5:4.5:0.5) as mobile phase (flow rate 0.75 ml/min). The structure of the compounds was identical, so it could not be separated by reverse phase liquid chromatography. The obtained peaks show an important overlapping and we have used chemometric tools to get a calibration model, which assumes a linear behavior, i.e., the total signal is the sum of individual signals of components. Recovery percentages were between 90.3% and 95.7%. The method has been successfully applied to edible oils and dietary supplements. No pretreatment of the samples was needed.
Although seafood is an important part of a healthy and balanced diet, many humans do not consume the recommended amounts of fish or other marine products possibly due to the fishy smell and taste of ...the products. The aim of this study was to compare the sensory properties and oxidative stability of capsules made of fish liver oil rich in eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6n-3) acids with capsules made of blend of fish liver oil and thick and dark green pumpkin oil with a nutty aroma and high content of native antioxidants. Sensory quality and oxidative stability of capsules prepared using different coating materials (maltodextrin, whey, sunflower and rice proteins and guar gum) were compared. Blending fish liver oil with pumpkin oil diminished the share of EPA and DHA in the prepared blend, but enriched it in tocopherols, carotenoids, squalene and enhanced almost to 2-fold the oxidative stability. Further growth of oxidative stability (by almost 5-fold) was observed after encapsulation process. Blended oil encapsulated with rice proteins had the least intense fishy and rancid odours and fishy flavour.
•Sensory properties of fish oil limit its possible application into functional foods.•Encapsulation of fish oil with pumpkin oil enhances it oxidative stability.•Pumpkin oil brings tocopherols, squalene, phytosterols and carotenoids to the blend.•Rice protein use to blend oil coating significantly reduces fishy odour and flavour.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) associated with significant progressive neurodegeneration. There is a lot of interest in the use of plant-based ...essential oils in traditional medicine to treat and prevent human illnesses, including MS. This research aimed to assess the neuroprotective effects of green tea oil (GTO) and pumpkin oil (PO) against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced MS in Wistar rats as well as investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. The Wistar rats were divided into four groups: group 1, normal control; group 2, MOG-injected; and groups 3 and 4, MOG-injected groups treated with 5 ml/kg body weight each of GTO and PO, respectively. The chemical profiles of components within a GTO and PO were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Treatment with GTO and PO substantially improved the decreased dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine levels in the brain of the MOG-injected rats. It also suppressed the elevated epinephrine levels. The histological injuries in the brain cortical tissue of the MOG-injected group were notably improved after supplementing with GTO and PO. Furthermore, brain lipid peroxidation and serum INF-β concentration were significantly lower in the MOG-injected rats treated with GTO and PO. The brain GSH, SOD, GPx, as well as serum coenzyme Q10, and α-tocopherol levels were significantly enhanced by GTO and PO supplementaion. Additionally, GTO and PO administration into MOG-injected rats significantly upregulated Nrf2, Bcl-2, and PCNA while significantly downregulated TNF-α, NF-κB, iNOS, p53, and Bax expression levels. Taken together, these findings suggest that GTO and PO efficiently ameliorate MOG-induced MS via enhancing the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
As estrogen production decreases during menopause; the brain's metabolism tends to stall and become less effective. Estrogen most likely protects against neurodegeneration. Consequently, a ...comprehensive study of the benefits of hormone replacement therapy as a neuroprotective effect is urgently required. This study was designed to fabricate pumpkin seed oil nanoparticles (PSO) in nanoemulsion form (PSO-NE) and investigate their potential role in attenuating the neural-immune interactions in an experimental postmenopausal model.Sixty female white albino rats were divided into six groups: control, sham, ovariectomized (OVX), and three OVX groups treated with 17β-estradiol, PSO, and PSO-NE respectively. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and particle size analyzer were performed for nanoemulsion evaluation. Serum levels of estrogen, brain amyloid precursor protein (APP), serum levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ), interleukin 6 (IL-6), transthyretin (TTR), and synaptophysin (SYP) were evaluated. The expression of estrogen receptors (ER-α, β) in the brain tissue was estimated. The findings revealed that the approached PSO-NE system was able to reduce the interfacial tension, enhance the dispersion entropy, lower the system free energy to an extremely small value, and augment the interfacial area. PSO-NE, showed a significant increase in the levels of estrogen, brain APP, SYP, and TTR accompanied with a significant increased in the expression of brain ER-α, β compared to the OVX group. In conclusion, the phytoestrogen content of PSO exhibited a significant prophylactic effect on neuro-inflammatory interactions, ameliorating both estrogen levels and the inflammatory cascades.
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•Decreased homeostatic maintenance in the neuroendocrine-immune network is a hallmark of ageing.•Pumpkin seed oil in a nanoemulsion form posses the possibility for surpassing the challenges of sparing solubility, susceptibility, physicochemical instability and unsatisfactory bioavailability of pumpkin seed oil application as a promising hormonal replacement therapy.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
A contamination on a textile material is defined as an undesirable, local formation that deviates in appearance from the rest of the material. In this paper the relationship between the shape and ...surface of liquid contaminations and the firmness factor of woven fabric is investigated. The interdependence of constructional and structural parameters of raw and bleached cotton fabrics were analysed. The results show that selected contaminations are distributed differently, primarily depending on the construction characteristics of the fabric, type of contamination and hydrophilicity of cotton fabric.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Pumpkin oil cake protein isolate (POCPI) was hydrolysed using two food-grade enzymes alcalase and trypsin. Alcalase-hydrolysed POCPI (POCPH
1
) was selected as the optimum treatment based on the DPPH ...radical scavenging, total antioxidative, and ferrous ion chelating activities. Amino acid composition showed a direct relationship between the antioxidative activity of POCPH
1
and the amount of hydrophobic amino acids that formed 33.49% of its total amino acids. Surface hydrophobicity decreased as a result of hydrolysis and potent thermal and pH stability was observed in POCPH
1
(p ˂ 0.05). In terms of molecular weight distribution, size exclusion chromatogram indicated that the majority of peptides possessed molecular weight less than 6.5 kDa. Based on the results, POCPH
1
could be employed as a natural antioxidative agent with strong pH and thermal stability.
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DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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