A novel dual-message QR code is proposed for carrying two individual messages that can be read by standard QR code readers: one from a close range and the other from a large distance. By exploring ...the module value determining the rule of typical QR code readers, we designed two-state module blocks that can be recognized as different module values through changing the distance from which the QR code is scanned, and applied them to construct the proposed dual-message QR code. Experiments were conducted to test the readability of the two messages within a dual-message QR code, with the results demonstrating the high feasibility of the proposed method. The dual-message QR code can be applied for designing creative applications. For example, an interactive wedding card that can access the growing film of the groom and that of the bride interchangeably, which bring the viewers a higher-quality experience.
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QR codes are increasingly used in a plurality of scenarios, and research activities are being successfully carried out to improve this technology and widen its contexts of applicability. After an ...extensive survey of the state of the art on the subject, this work presents the new, promising possibility to embed a programming language in a QR code. This new kind of executable QR codes, we named eQR codes, enable interaction with end users even in the absence of an Internet connection, and provide a sort of Internet of Things paradigm where intelligence is embedded in the object tag in the form of a program. Among all the possible languages that can be embedded, this work focuses on a powerful but compact (in terms of QR code storage occupation) dialect, termed QRtree, which is aimed at implementing decision trees. The eQR code technology makes a new class of applications possible, e.g., providing hints for navigation or instructions for using rescue devices in places with no network coverage like mountains and caves. Smart interactive user manuals are enabled as well. Besides defining the QRtree language and eQR code structure, this article describes all the steps needed to generate eQR codes and to manage their execution in end-user devices. A simple yet realistic example and the related code are also presented, to practically show how this technology can be used to solve real-world problems. For the example, the QRtree version of the code takes 234B, less than one-half the size of an equivalent program in Python bytecode (634B).
Quick response (QR) code-based traceability is considered as a smart solution to know details about the origin of products, from production to transportation and preservation before reaching ...customers. However, the QR code is easily copied and forged. Thus, we propose a new approach to protect this code from tampering. The approach consists of two main phases like hiding a security feature in the QR code, and estimating the similarity between the QR code affixed on the product and the genuine ones. For the former issue, the secret feature is encoded and decoded by using error correcting code for controlling errors in noisy communication channels. Hiding and extracting the encoded information in the QR code are conducted by utilizing a deep neural network in which the proposed network produces a watermarked QR code image with good quality and high tolerance to noises. The network is capable of robustness against real distortions caused by the process of printing and photograph. For the later issue, we develop neural networks based upon the architecture of Siamese network to measure the similarity of QR codes. The secret feature extracted from the obtained QR code and the result of QR code similarity estimation are combined to determine whether a QR code is genuine or fake. The proposed approach gives a competitive performance, with an average accuracy of 98%, and it has been applied to QR code authentication in practice.
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Perkembangan zaman di era globalisasi dan teknologi pada saat ini sangat berdampak pada kehidupan manusia. Banyak sekali lahir inovasi teknologi baru yang semuanya ditujukan untuk membantu dan ...mempermudah aktivitas manusia. Salah satu perkembangan teknologi itu melahirkan alat bantu yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran santri di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid akan pentingnya menjaga kebersihan lingungan dengan membuang sampah pada tempatnya, karena di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid masih ada sebagian santri yang membuang sampah sembarangan meskipum tempat sampah sudah disediakan. dan diperoleh trobosan baru dengan membuat “Prototype Temat Sampah Memakai penutup Otomatis Dengan QR Code di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid”. Dengan adanya alat ini diharapkan mampu mningkatkan kesadaran santri akan pentingnya menjaga kebersihan lingkungan. Pada alat bank sampah ini memanfaatkan QR Code sebagai media pembuka tutup tempat sampah dengan data santri yang terdaftar di database dan mengkalkulasi atau mendata santri yang membuang sampah dengan tanggal dan jam yang valid ketika santri membuang sampah pada tempat sampah tersebut, data santri akan terecord dan tersimpan didalam database dengan menggunakan perangkat mysql (manajemen basis data SQL). Maka dapat disimpulan dari alat yang dibuat yaitu alat yang dirancang dapat bekerja dengan baik dalam menangani proses sistem membuka penutup tempat sampah secara otomatis menggunakan QR Code dengan jarak terdeteksi pada jarak ±4cm sampai dengan ±5cm dan dapat merecord data santri yang membuang sampah sesuai dengan jam dan tanggal, dan tempat sampah secara otomatis akan tertutup dan mengeluarkan suara “trimakasih sudah membuang sampah pada tempatnya.
The Internet of Things (IoT) based academic monitoring system is implemented at the Manado State Polytechnic
to achieve an Integrity Zone where educational institutions have good governance, are ...accountable, and are free from
corruption. This research aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT) based presence monitoring system. The
system was developed for lecturers and students to record attendance using a microcontroller and display a QR Code on an
Internet of Things (IoT) based OLED screen. Implementing this system aims to increase transparency, accountability, and
the effectiveness of using lecturer time in teaching. The results are that the presence of lecturers and students can be validated
through CCTV camera monitoring to display image data in real-time and table data on web pages. An application developed
using Android that can be used by students and lecturers in taking attendance and sending data to the server. The server has
two primary purposes: record attendance data and generate attendance reports based on user requests. System testing is
carried out in a local network. The research results show that the subsystems and integrated systems work well.
The emergence of mobile payment (m-payment) resulted in the disruption of many sectors in the business sphere, particularly the retail industry. However, the acceptance of m-payment still has ...substantial room for improvement. Therefore, this study purports to ascertain the critical antecedents that impact the m-payment adoption intention, in particular the type of m-payment that utilizes the Quick Response (QR) code technology, through an extended Mobile Technology Acceptance Model. On top of offering several theoretical implications, numerous practical implications are also provided for stakeholders in the retail sector.
•This study focused on a single type of mobile payment that utilizes QR code.•The Mobile Technology Acceptance Model was extended with non-technological factors.•Mobile usefulness and optimism have direct impacts on intention to adopt.•Perceived transaction convenience has positive association with mobile usefulness.•Perceived transaction speed matters in improving mobile ease of use.
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Two-Layer QR Codes Tailing Yuan; Yili Wang; Kun Xu ...
IEEE transactions on image processing,
09/2019, Volume:
28, Issue:
9
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A quick-response code (QR code) is a two-dimensional code akin to a barcode that encodes a message of limited length. In this paper, we present a variant of QR code, a two-layer QR code. Its ...two-layer structure can display two alternative messages when scanned from two different directions. We propose a method to generate such two-layer QR codes encoding two given messages in a few seconds. We also demonstrate the robustness of our method on both synthetic and fabricated examples. All source code will be made publicly available (https://github.com/yuantailing/two-layer-qrcode).
The purpose of this activity is to provide insight and increase teacher knowledge at MI Al-Ittihad about making Algameta media, how to make QR-Code online, and the implementation of teaching aids ...with digital literacy. The service team uses the Participatory Action Research method in providing participatory training which makes educators as objects to be able to use digital media in the form of QR-Code. The service team participatively provides training at MI Al-Ittihad and involves educators to encourage changes in the teaching and learning process towards a creative, innovative and fun direction. Based on the results of the pretest and posttest that have been carried out, it can be seen that the service is running successfully. The results achieved from this activity are in the form of increased teacher creativity in innovating learning on teaching aids implemented with digital media, increasing teacher ability to make Algameta assisted by QR-Code digital media and increasing teacher digital literacy. This is evidenced by the Paired Sample Test which is known that the Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.021 <0.05, it can be concluded that by holding this training can improve the competence of the training participants.
Recent studies have shown that machine-learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Adversarial attacks are deliberate attempts to modify the input data to a machine learning model in a way ...that causes it to produce incorrect predictions. One of the well-established formats of adversarial attacks is the adversarial patch, which takes the form of a small movable patch embedded with visual patterns. The adversarial patch can alter the classification results simply by attaching the patch to the target image scenes. In the previous work, additional data in the form of a QR code was successfully embedded alongside the adversarial patch, namely an adversarial QR code. It contains a dual function: the first function is an adversarial patch to attack an image classification model, and the second function is a QR code capable of embedding information. However, the scanning performance of the previous works was insufficient to be used in practice. To address this issue, this research proposes an adversarial halftone QR code that improves the scanning performance and maintains the efficiency of QR code-based adversarial attacks. The adversarial halftone QR code approach proposes the use of high-quality visual QR codes under half-tone scheme that is effectively machine-readable under various conditions. The experimental results show that the adversarial halftone QR code exhibits better overall scanning performance across different devices and modules while maintaining its attack performance compared to the adversarial QR code.
The COVID-19 pandemic has confronted hospitality and restaurant business enterprises across the globe by disrupting the entire ecosystem of the industry. Shutdowns and temporary closure decisions ...were necessary, as the primary focus for governments and their agencies is the safety of their people. Recently, restrictions have been eased and vaccines have been developed, despite this, strict measures are still intact. The important question, then, is what are the factors that can convince consumers to adjust and/or restore confidence in consumers to go back to dining in restaurants under the "new normal" banner. To provide preliminary insights, this paper investigates the impact of consumers with fresh mind-sets, restaurant hygiene, and QR code menu usage on intention to re-dine by building on reinforcement theory. Structural equation modeling technique was applied on survey data obtained from consumers who dined in luxury restaurants (n = 569) across multiple cities in Jordan. Results from the analyses illustrate that consumer fresh mind-sets, restaurant hygiene, and QR code menu usage are important predictors for consumer intention to re-dine in Jordanian eateries and restaurants. This research advances our knowledge on consumers' preferences and behaviors to dine in the post-Covid-19 era. It also makes an incremental contribution to the reinforcement of theoretical assumptions. Implications for theory and practice are prescribed for the concerned stakeholders.
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