Reduction or elimination of chemically synthesized additives from foods is a current demand in food industry. A new approach to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms or protect food from ...oxidation is the use of essential oils or plant extracts as natural additives in foods. We have studied antimicrobial activity of rosemary extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) against different species of Listeria and against different strains of L. monocytogenes. We used two extracts of rosemary, VivOX 20 and VivOX 40 (Vitiva d.d., Slovenia) containing different levels of carnosic acid. We wanted to proof an antimicrobial activity of selected rosemary extracts with two most commonly used methods: disc diffusion method and broth dilution method. With the disc diffusion method we have obtained the inhibition zone and at the lowest concentrations, where no visible bacterial growth was recorded, were assumed as minimal inhibitory concentration values (MIC). We determined MIC values in the ranges from 625 μg extract/ml EtOH to 5000 μg extract/ml EtOH for VivOX 20 and from 312.5 μg extract/ml EtOH do 2500 μg extract/ml EtOH for VivOX 40 in the medium. We have established that the resistance of Listeria species against rosemary extracts depends on: selected extract, selected concentration, various species and strain of Listeria. With broth dilution method we have determined minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), as the concentration giving 0.1% bacterial survival. With this method we have tested two strains of L. monocytogenes and in determinate MBC values in the range from 15.63 μg/ml TSB to 98.5 μg/ml TSB for both tested extracts. Results have confirmed our assumption that resistance of Listeria against rosemary extracts depended on the selected strain.
Zahteve potrošnikov po celem svetu so zmanjšati oz. izločiti kemično sintetizirane konzervanse iz živil. Novejše metode preprečevanja mikrobne kontaminacije in oksidacije uporabljajo eterična olja ali rastlinske ekstrakte kot naravne konzervanse. Proučevali smo protimikrobno delovanje ekstraktov rožmarina (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) na različne vrste bakterij rodu Listeria in seve bakterij L. monocytogenes. Uporabili smo dva različna komercialno pripravljena ekstrakta rožmarina, VivOX 20 in VivOX 40 (Vitiva d.d., Slovenija), ki sta vsebovala različno koncentracijo karnozolne kisline. Protimikrobni učinek izbranih ekstraktov smo želeli dokazati z dvema najpogosteje uporabljenima metodama: metoda difuzije v trdnem gojišču in metoda razredčevanja v tekočem gojišču. Pri metodi difuzije v trdnem gojišču smo po inkubaciji odčitali nastale inhibicijske cone, s katerimi smo določili minimalne inhibitorne koncentracije (MIC), kot tiste koncentracije, pri katerih ni bilo vidne rasti bakterij na gojišču. Vrednosti MIC smo določili v območju med 625 μg ekstrakta/ml EtOH do 5000 μg ekstrakta/ml EtOH za ekstrakt VivOX 20 in med 312,5 μg ekstrakta/ml EtOH do 2500 μg ekstrakta/ml EtOH za ekstrakt VivOX 40. Ugotovili smo, da je odpornost listerij proti ekstraktoma rožmarina odvisna od izbranega ekstrakta, izbrane koncentracije ter vrste in seva listerij. Z metodo razredčevanja v tekočem gojišču smo določali minimalne baktericidne koncentracije (MBC), kot tiste koncentracije, pri katerih preživi 0,1 % testnih bakterij. Uporabili smo dva različna seva bakterij vrste L. monocytogenes in vrednosti MBC v večini poskusov določili med 15,63 μg/ml gojišča TSB in 98,5 μg/ml gojišča za oba uporabljena ekstrakta. Rezultati so ponovno potrdili našo domnevo, da je odpornost listerij proti ekstraktoma rožmarina odvisna od seva.
In a paper the results of insecticidal activity of two known insecticides (deltamethrin and imidacloprid), thujone and essential oil of rosemary against the larvae and adults of sycamore lace bug ...(Corythucha ciliata) are presented. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory, under room conditions. We tested the activity of each product in three different concentrations. The most desirable insecticidal activity had deltamethrin, which caused almost 100 % mortality of both developmental stages of the pest at all three concentrations. Succeeding products were imidacloprid, which caused 89.6 % larval mortality at recommended concentration, and essential oil of rosemary, which caused 81.7 % adult mortality at 1 % concentration. Larvae of sycamore lace bug were significantly more susceptible to tested products than adults. Significantly the lowest mortality was determined one day after treatment (41.7 %), while the highest mortality was stated three days after treatment (71.3 %). For future reduction of the damage caused by the studied pest on plane trees, we recommend the application of thujone and essential oil of rosemary, which appeared to be environmentally more acceptable substances. In our study both agents showed a middle satisfying activity in controlling larvae and adults, but they have also obvious repellent activity, which leads to their better efficacy in the open.
V prispevku so predstavljeni rezultati insekticidnega delovanja dveh znanih insekticidov (deltametrin in imidakloprid), tujona in eteričnega olja rožmarina na ličinke in odrasle osebke platanove čipkarke (Corythucha ciliata). Poskus je bil opravljen v laboratoriju, v sobnih razmerah. Učinkovitost vsakega od pripravkov smo ugotavljali pri treh različnih koncentracijah. Najboljše insekticidno delovanje je imel deltametrin, ki je pri vseh koncentracijah povzročil skoraj 100 % smrtnost obeh razvojnih stadijev škodljivca. Sledi mu imidakloprid, ki je pri priporočeni koncentraciji povzročil 89,6 % smrtnost ličink in eterično olje rožmarina, ki je pri 1 % koncentraciji povzročilo 81,7 % smrtnost odraslih osebkov. Ličinke platanove čipkarke so bile signifikantno bolj občutljive na preizkušane pripravke kot odrasli osebki. Signifikantno najmanjšo smrtnost smo ugotovili prvi dan po tretiranju (41,7 %), največjo pa tretji dan po tretiranju (71,3 %). Za prihodnje zmanjševanje škodljivosti preučevane žuželke na platanah pa priporočamo uporabo tujona in eteričnega olja rožmarina, ki sta okoljsko sprejemljivejši snovi. Obe sta v našem poskusu pokazali srednje zadovoljivo delovanje na ličinke in odrasle osebke, a imata tudi dokazano repelentno delovanje, s čimer lahko na prostem pričakujemo njuno boljšo učinkovitost.
Iz spominov:»V starih časih, ko še ni bilo televizije in skorajda ne radia, so po malo večjih vaseh delovale dramske skupine, sestavljene iz domačih fantov in deklet. Predstave so bile vedno dobro ...obiskane. Tudi gostovali so. Pričujoča fotografija prikazuje eno takšnih skupin, ki je delovala v Slivnici pri Celju in je na štefanovo leta 1932 odigrala igro Rožmarin. Na sliki s harmoniko je moj oče Franc Vodeb (1905–1990), ki je po končani predstavi zabaval igralce in obiskovalce. Med igralci so tudi moji teti Martina in Leopoldina ter stric Jožko. Oče mi je večkrat pripovedoval, kako so imeli vaje včasih kar pri njih doma, saj so bili pri hiši kar trije ›igralci‹. Nekoč so vadili za igro v času, ko naj bi v hlevu poskrbeli za živali, dokler ni vstopil njihov oče in je opazil prazne jasli. Vaj je bilo za tisti dan konec.Prispeval: Maks Vodeb (Celje)Objavljeni tudi: Novi tednik, 12. januar 2017, št. 2, str. 46.
In this discussion of Eyal Rozmarin's "To Be Is to Betray," I focus, along with Rozmarin, on the reconciliation of guilt and love, the embeddedness of our individual lives in the social world, and ...the significance of ethics in the creation of the kind of liberation that psychoanalysis can offer.
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This commentary on Eyal Rozmarin's paper "To Be Is to Betray" considers the place of history in the psychoanalytic encounter. Examining texts by Adorno and Ferenczi, the author cautions against ..."radical cures" that conflate political values with analytic ones.
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I have based my response on several central points put forward by my discussants. This has provided the opportunity to explore different frames of reference. I focus on the validity of some notions ...such as identity or belonging to a stable institution. Also I discuss the different viewpoints concerning how we construct our sense of belonging, proposing that in order to belong to a relationship, it is necessary to continually work at this relationship. I also state that representation is distinct from presentation and that each of them has a different logic. This is also true for identification and the relationship between two or more others. My view is that the concept of otherness and presentation cannot be included in the hypothesis of transference-countertransference. It needs another one name, Interference. As these are unfamiliar concepts, it is clear that sometimes they are likened to more established ones. Using Eyal Rozmarin's remarks about how a feeling of intimacy was created at a dinner party with friends, I challenged the validity of this concept of intimacy in the construction of relationships. I also emphasized the importance of tolerance of others as Irene Cairo suggested. I feel strongly that our work with patients is not difficult but rather challenging and stimulating.
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