Biofilm composition from fish myofibrillar protein (FMP) and chitosan solution (CS) incorporated with rosemary extract (RE) was developed and applied to monitor the freshness of fish fillets. The ...effects of different concentrations of RE as well as physical, mechanical, structural and functional properties of FMP/CS films were investigated. Films containing RE showed reduced water solubility and water vapor permeability and enhanced tensile strength and elongation at break. Results also showed good compatibility of the components and good dispersion of RE in the matrix. However, the content of RE (0.2%, v/v) added in the composite films produced aggregations and had negative effects on their film-forming properties. The antioxidant capacity of composite films was related to the level of RE and demonstrated by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assay. Chilled grass carp fillets wrapped with different films to evaluate the preservative effect. Results of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, pH value, Free amino acid and total volatile basic nitrogen indicated that FMP/CS/RE composite film could protect the fish fillet well and inhibit the lipid oxidation. The developed FMP/CS/RE composite films possess the potential to be applied as edible films in the food packaging industry and food cold chain transportation.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Spoilage of ready-to-eat carbonado chicken during storage usually causes safety concerns and economic losses. A novel edible nanoemulsion coating with natural antimicrobial and antioxidant was ...applied to improve carbonado chicken shelf life. The nanoemulsion based on gelatin and chitosan incorporated a mixture of rosemary extract and ε-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL) and was fabricated by high pressure homogenization. Emulsion droplet size and ζ-potential were examined by a zetasizer, and the mean droplet sizes were 257 nm and 1122.44 nm for the nanoemulsion and a coarse emulsion, respectively. A higher ζ-potential was obtained for the nanoemulsion (+32.50 mV) than for the coarse emulsion (+26.25 mV). The rheological properties of the coating solutions showed shear-thinning behavior. Microstructure analysis of the coating showed that the nanoemulsion possessed smoother and more homogeneous surfaces without pores and with better structural integrity than those of the coarse emulsion. Ready-to-eat carbonado chicken coated with the gelatin-chitosan solution, coarse emulsion, or nanoemulsion and uncoated samples were prepared for a preservation study. Samples coated by the nanoemulsion displayed the lowest total viable bacterial counts (TVC), mold and yeast counts, TBARS values, and pH changes under 4 °C refrigeration over 16 days. The nanoemulsion-coated carbonado chicken shelf life was prolonged by at least 6 days compared to that of the control. The nanoemulsion-based edible coating, as a novel antimicrobial and antioxidant material, effectively sustained active compound release to the meat surface and is a promising technology to improve the safety and quality of ready-to-eat meat products.
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•Nanoemulsion-based edible coating with rosemary extract and ε-poly-l-lysine was prepared.•Nanoemulsion-based edible coating sustained the release of rosemary extract and ε-poly-l-lysine.•Nanoemulsion-based edible coating improved the shelf life of ready-to-eat carbonado chicken.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study investigated the effects of orlistat and rosemary extract on kidney tissue when combined with a high-fat diet, as well as the association between these treatments and body weight, blood ...lipid profile, and oxidative stress status in male rats. 42 rats weighing 170-200 grams were divided into seven groups, each consisting of six rats. The experiment lasted 20 weeks and was divided into two phases: a stage of induced obesity using high-fat food (fattened), which lasted from week 0 to week 12, except for the control group, which was fed a normal diet. The treatment period lasted from week 12 to week 20, with daily dosing, and the totals were distributed as follows: the first control group was dosed with distilled water alone, the second group was fed a high-fat diet only, the third group was given rosemary aqueous extract at a 10 ml/kg, the fourth group was given orlistat at a dose of 100 mg/kg, the fifth group was given orlistat at a dose of 200 mg/kg, and the sixth group was given orlistat at a dose of 100 mg/kg as well as extract. The seventh group received orlistat at a dose of 200 mg/kg and the extract. When compared to the high-fat diet and the rest of the groups, the weights of the animals increased significantly, as did the lipid profile like TC and LDL, TG, and VLDL in the blood, which were accompanied by decrease in the levels of glutathione and increase malondialdehyde. When given a high-fat diet and orlistat, histopathological examination of the kidneys revealed changes in the renal tissue, including glomerular atrophy, necrosis and cloudy swelling of epithelial cells lining renal tubules, whereas when given the extract with orlistat, these effects were reduced. We conclude that rosemary aqueous extract has preventive and therapeutic antioxidant properties, as evidenced by its improved effect on the histopathological changes induced by orlistat drug in kidney tissue, as well as its improving effect on the state of oxidative stress in the kidney tissue and the level of lipids profile in the blood, and its weight-loss efficacy.
Introduction: Bleeding following intubation and extubation after general anesthesia is a relatively common complication that is associated with a high prevalence in some surgeries such as breast ...surgeries. The use of traditional medicines has been welcomed by anesthesiologists due to their minor side effects. This study was performed with aim to investigate the effects of rosemary on bleeding and pain of intubation after general anesthesia for women candidates for breast surgery. Methods: The clinical trial study was performed in 2017-2018 on 70 patients who need general anesthesia in Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (inserting sterile gas impregnated with rosemary in the patient's throat) and control (inserting sterile gas impregnated with stilled water in the patient's throat). Observation of bleeding and pain due to intubation was measured by VAS instrument in the recovery and 2, 6, 24 hours after the surgery. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 25) and independent t-test and chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered sttisticallyy significant. Results: Eleven patients (31.42%) in the intervention group and 14 (40%) in the control group had post-extubation bleeding (P = 0.309). Also, the number of pain due to intubation (P <0.05) and pain intensity (P >0.05) at different times showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Sterile packs impregnated with rosemary extract could not prevent bleeding and pain due to intubation in women candidates for breast surgery.
In this work bioactive starch films with antioxidant activity were developed by extrusion followed by thermo-compression. Rosemary extract was incorporated into starch-glycerol films in different ...concentrations (2.5%, 5% and 10% w/w with respect to starch). Despite the high mechanical and thermal energy involved during extrusion, rosemary polyphenols remained in the films without losing its activity.
Starch nanocomposites were obtained by the incorporation of rosemary nanoparticles, which were formed from the immiscible components of the extract. For low extract concentration, homogeneously dispersed nanoparticles acted as reinforcement of the matrix, increasing stress and strain at break without modifying Young's modulus. At high concentration, the mechanical response was ruled by the miscible components of the extract, which acted as an additional plasticizer. In this case, nanocomposite films with higher values of strain at break and lower values of Young's modulus and stress at break were obtained. All the developed films released a high percentage of polyphenols to hydrophilic, lipophilic or acid food simulants in a short time interval. Experimental release data was fitted by Weibull equation in order to elucidate release mechanisms.
According to the results of this research, rosemary extract can be incorporated into starch films by extrusion without previous encapsulation. Despite thermal and mechanical energy involved in the process, the rosemary compounds kept their antioxidant activity and were released from the bioactive films.
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•Bioactive nanocomposite starch films containing rosemary extract were developed by extrusion.•Rosemary extract maintained its antioxidant activity after extrusion.•Most of rosemary polyphenols were released to several food simulants.•Low extract concentration increased stress and strain at break.•High concentration lowered Young's modulus and stress at break.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•First study to apply rosemary extract in glazing treatment on frozen mud shrimp.•Unglazed shrimp showed a significant decline in quality after 16 weeks of storage.•Glazing reduced loss of quality, ...and protein and lipid changes effectively in shrimp.•Rosemary extract can be used as a glazing material for preservation of mud shrimp.
In this study, glazing with water and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extract were applied on frozen mud shrimp (Solenocera melantho) and stored at −20 °C for 24 weeks. Quality loss and protein and lipid changes of shrimp were evaluated by total volatile basis nitrogen (TVB-N), drip loss, moisture distribution, sulfhydryl content (SH), disulfide bond, intrinsic fluorescence intensity, lipid content, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), fluorescent compounds and sensory characteristics. Results showed that unglazed mud shrimp exhibited significant quality decline after 16 weeks of frozen storage. Glazing treatment significantly reduced quality loss, protein degradation, and lipid oxidative damage of shrimp during the 24 weeks of frozen storage, compared to the unglazed control sample. Glazing with rosemary extract was more effective in controlling quality changes in frozen mud shrimp with lower TVB-N, drip loss, PV, FFA and higher lipid content and sensory scores.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Recent industrial issues are quite noteworthy for researchers that encourage them to introduce unique approaches to solve them. Among all, corrosion disasters were nominated as the most important ...ones. Although various routes were introduced for substantial corrosion limitation, inhibits were highly appreciated for worldwide industrial processes. Although the application of inhibitors can substantially prevent the corrosion of metallic substrates, their usage is not far from the limitations. Nowadays, due to the environmental hazards and toxicity of traditional inhibitors, green inhibitors are now replaced. Regarding the special position of plant extracts in the family of green inhibitors, attention should be paid to special features such as renewability and easy access. Undoubtedly, these capabilities have made plant extracts a practical class among all other types. Herein, the Rosemary extract is considered a golden candidate that can be employed as a green corrosion inhibitor in HCl media. The chemistry of Rosemary extract was estimated by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopies. Afterward, the anti-corrosion performance of this inhibitor has been evaluated with electrochemical (potentiodynamic polarization and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)) and weight-loss tests. This study did not neglect the surface studies and the morphology of the surfaces was observed by FE-SEM and AFM techniques. Eventually, the adsorption mechanism has been predicted by thermodynamic studies and adsorption isotherms. Electrochemical outcomes demonstrated that mixed-type inhibition is responsible for 92% corrosion retardation during 6 h steel exposure to 1 M HCl media. The weight-loss studies also had a high convergence with the electrochemical studies and with a slight negligible difference, 800 ppm of rosemary extract prevented 87% of steel corrosion.
●Rosemary extract is considered as a green corrosion inhibitor for steel in HCl media.●Mixed-type inhibition with 92% corrosion inhibition index was recorded for the Rosemary extract.●Rosemary molecules adsorption over the steel samples was in both physical and chemical forms.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
•The oxidative stability of soybean, rice bran and cottonseed oil were tested.•The oxidative stability of oils was tested using Rancimat and Schaal oven tests.•Effect of rosemary extract on improving ...the stability of oils was evaluated.•The use of rosemary extract as an effective alternative to synthetic antioxidants.
The protecting ability of rosemary extract as a plant-based antioxidant and an alternative to synthetic antioxidants against the oxidation of vegetable oils was investigated in the present study. The effect of rosemary extract on improving the oxidative stability of oils was evaluated using the Rancimat and Schaal oven tests. Oils with or without incorporation of rosemary extract or synthetic antioxidants were analyzed using the Rancimat method at 120°C to determine their induction periods (IP). The changes in antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, peroxide value, fatty acid composition, and tocopherol content were measured under the Schaal oven test during storage at 62°C. The IP of oils incorporated with rosemary extract was significantly (p<0.05) higher than blank oils and oils with synthetic antioxidants. The incorporation of rosemary extract into oils effectively prevented the oils by increasing the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content, decreasing the peroxide value, and delaying the degradation of tocopherols and polyunsaturated fatty acids of oils. Results of this study suggested the potential use of rosemary extract as an effective alternative to synthetic antioxidants.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFO NPs) were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method using Fe(NO3)3.9 H2O and Co(NO3)2·6H2O as the sources of Fe 3+ and Co 2+ in presence of different volumes of ...rosemary extract and sucrose as gel agent, chelating agent and non-magnetic elements such as calcium and magnesium ions. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The X-ray diffraction results confirmed that the sample prepared with 5 mL rosemary extract has single-phase spinel cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with a cubic crystal structure at 750 °C for 3 h (S1 sample). The average crystallite size was calculated about 33 nm using the Debye–Scherrer equation. Scanning electron microscopy also exposed that the prepared nanoparticles have a cubic morphology. Besides, the magnetic properties of the as-synthesized nanoparticles (S1 sample) indicated the highest saturated magnetization of 64 emu.g−1 as compared to other samples. The nanoparticles were then coated with tripolyphosphate (TPP) and chitosan polymer (Cs) to be applied as a carrier for drug delivery CoFe2O4-TPP-Cs (CFO-TPP-CS). The antioxidant doxorubicin (DOX) drug was then covered on the surface of the nanoparticles, and its drug release (CFO-TPP–CS–DOX) from the substrate of coated nanoparticles containing doxorubicin was evaluated at different pH levels. The coated CFO nanoparticles with tripolyphosphate (TPP) –Chitosan (Cs) sample indicated the biocompatibility and non-toxic nature of CFO-TPP- Cs NPs. Meanwhile, the CFO-TPP–CS–DOX nanosystem showed good death percentage of the breast cell cancer line (MCF-7 cell) in an acidic medium.
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•CoFe2O4 NPs were obtained via sol-gel method in the presence of sucrose and rosemary extract as a novel green precursor.•Sucrose and rosemary extract play role as gel and chelating agents.•Effects of different volumes of rosemary on size and magnetic properties of NPs were investigated.•Chitosan (Cs) coated CoFe2O4 NPs served as nanocarrier and applied in loading and release of DOX.•The responsive CFO-Cs-TPP NPs are promising platform in drug delivery and cancer treatment applications.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
The study investigated the active and intelligent properties of films based on furcellaran (FUR), gelatin hydrolysate (GELH) and rosemary extract (from fresh leaves (FRE) and dry leaves (DRE)). ...Rosemary extracts were blended with FUR/GELH film forming solution at different three concentrations (5, 10, 20%). Analyzing the ζ-potential dependences of complexation polysaccharide-protein hydrolysate, we selected optimal ratio for the film formation. The introduction of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH films increased thickness, water content and tensile strength. The UV barrier properties of tested films improved with the addition of rosemary extracts into FUR/GELH matrix. The antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) did not improved with the addition of FRE but significantly increased with the addition of DRE, reaching 88% of DPPH inhibition and 207 of μmol Trolox/g of dried film of FRAP value. The color changes in different pH were observed, however, the fish spoilage test showed that those films are not suitable as intelligent films for monitoring freshness of this type of food product. Among all films tested, FUR/GELH film with 20% DRE exhibited the best performance. The obtained results suggested that FUR/GELH films with 20% DRE could be used as a promising active food packing material.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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