El presente ensayo muestra la influencia del trabajo de Guy Debord en el pensamiento de Giorgio Agamben, en particular, en lo que se refiere a uno de los núcleos de su pensamiento, esto es, la ...diferencia entre “imagen” y “gesto”. Para ello, se recurrirá a tres momentos de su trabajo, partiendo por las “Glosas a los Comentarios de la Sociedad del espectáculo” escritas en 1993, pasando por “El Reino y la Gloria” del año 2007 y terminando en “El Uso de los cuerpos” de 2014. En los tres momentos existen breves referencias a Debord que, sin embargo, conducirán a Agamben a la cuestión del “gesto” o, lo que es igual, a la forma-de-vida.
Background
Spectacles are one of the corrective measures for different errors of refraction. A great proportion of people worldwide are blind due to having a high-refractive error while they neglect ...using the appropriate corrective measures. The aim is to study the prevalence of noncompliance to spectacle wear and its predisposing factors among adults with refractive errors in Menoufia and Gharbeya Governorates.
Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study performed in Menoufia and Gharbeya Governorates included 290 adults recruited from government and private ophthalmological centers. Data were collected through a predesigned questionnaire asking about personal data, ophthalmological data, measures of compliance, and predisposing factors to noncompliance.
Results
About 38% of the participants were noncompliant to eyeglasses wearing. Among noncompliant, personal causes represented 63.1%, followed by spectacle-related causes (22.5%) and financial causes (14.4%). Rural residence and illiteracy were significantly higher among noncompliant participants. Multivariate analysis revealed that secondary and higher education were independent protective factors against noncompliance.
Conclusion
Noncompliance to spectacle wear was high and was significantly related to rural residence and higher levels of education.
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This paper sets Scott’s original film Blade Runner (1982) and Villeneuve’s Blade Runner 2049 (2017) in a ‘disjunctive synthesis’ in order to provide critical analyses of both films with respect to ...some complex configurations of the body along two axes: bio-politics and the spectacle. We offer a reading of these configurations by focusing on the relationships between the human (organic), the non-human (android) and the immaterial (holographic); the eye (optics), the hand (haptics), and aesthetics; slavery, instrumental labour and free-play; the politics of bodies and of memories; the potentialities of revolution and the transmission of ‘tradition of the oppressed’. In this, we foreground two seemingly marginal characters – J. F. Sebastian and Ana Stelline. These ‘little people’ embody and inhabit the convolutions of Blade Runner’s ‘more human than human’ world through ‘free use’ of the body and playfulness which, superficially innocent, nevertheless bear within them the promise of radical political change.
This article examines how Studio Ghibli constructs the mundane activities shown in their films as spectacular. Looking at the history of the ways in which domestic and routine events are depicted in ...Japanese animation, I will use various methodologies, beginning with formalism and phenomenology before moving on to feminism and Marxism to critically analyse several Ghibli films as case studies – My Neighbors The Yamadas (1999, Hōhokekyo Tonari no Yamada kun), Only Yesterday (1991, Omoide Poro Poro), and Howl’s Moving Castle (2004, Hauru no Ugoku Shiro). Using these methodologies, the films are placed into a broader cinematic context, and the filmic legacy of their treatment of the mundane is explored.
Holding and Reversing the Camera Obscura Atanasova, Nataliya
Vestnik Rossiĭskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Serii͡a︡ Filosofii͡a,
12/2023, Volume:
27, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The following study examines the critical interplay between ideology, mediated reality, and the role that individuals’ perceptions, beliefs, and actions play in this process. In doing so, the study ...delves into the examination of the way power structures and dominant narratives proceed into influencing cultural expression and, consequently, impact social action. It is thus argued that in contemporary society, the Situationist notion of “the spectacle” has replaced any understanding of reality and created a reified social world dominated by commodities that reinforce dominant ideologies and determine subjective perceptions. Furthermore, the paper addresses the impact of this mediated reality on personal subjectivity and agency. Drawing on Marx’s metaphor of the “camera obscura” as ideology, it argues for a transformative “reversal of perspective” that changes how individuals view and engage with their environment. Ultimately, this study underscores the profound impact of “the spectacle” on social relations, ideology, and perception. It argues for a transformative and creative approach that challenges individuals to resist the grasp of the spectacle, reclaim their agency, and develop new perspectives for interacting with the world. The extensions of the gaze subtly refer to the basis of economy manifested as “false consciousness” reflected by the camera obscura as an inverted image but readjusted with the tools of spectacles and mirrors within the reflective apparatus.
Accounting for nature as capital is touted as a promising way of aligning environmental conservation with global capitalism by valuing nature like economic assets. Both its proponents and detractors ...speculate on what its promises might achieve if they were fully realized, i.e., if nature were actually accounted for, capitalized or commodified. There is, however, an enduring disjunction between vision and execution in this field: the promises simply do not materialize. Economizing nature proves to be extremely complex, raising not only technical hurdles but also intractable conceptual and ontological issues. We suggest taking a critical realist approach to natural capital accounting, acknowledging the inherent resistance of nature to being treated as capital. We consider the arenas dedicated to natural capital accounting as the sites of singular dramaturgical performances, whose effects extend beyond the integration of nature into economic decision making. Drawing on documents, interviews and observations at events dedicated to natural capital accounting, we highlight their theatrical character and reveal the effects they produce. This article aims to contribute to the investigation of environmental governance arenas by emphasizing their significance as venues for symbolic performance and achievement, extending beyond the traditional emphasis on regulatory and hoped-for environmental transformations.
Para apreender corretamente o espírito de nosso tempo, é necessário analisar em profundidade e na superfície a correspondência contemporânea entre o espetáculo e o consumo: consumo espetacular e ...espetáculo de consumo. A cadeia das mercadorias-signos (Baudrillard, 1968), meio e veículo de adesão ao sistema produtivo e político, assume um valor extraordinário a partir do momento em que acolhe tudo o que é não-racional numa sociedade racionalizada, bem como o aspeto anti-utilitarista de um social focado, precisamente, na lógica do utilitarismo. Nesse sentido, o ciclo dos consumos espetaculares coincide com o consumo da individualidade burguesa, enquanto a massa que se tornou público se torna a matriz na qual o sujeito se perde para amortecer o peso das mudanças e exprimir as pulsões marginalizadas pelo sistema social.
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