Experimental form factors of the hydrogen and helium isotopes, extracted from an up-to-date global analysis of cross sections and polarization observables measured in elastic electron scattering from ...these systems, are compared to predictions obtained in three different theoretical approaches: the first is based on realistic interactions and currents, including relativistic corrections (labeled as the conventional approach); the second relies on a chiral effective field theory description of the strong and electromagnetic interactions in nuclei (labeled χEFT); the third utilizes a fully relativistic treatment of nuclear dynamics as implemented in the covariant spectator theory (labeled CST). For momentum transfers below fm−1 there is satisfactory agreement between experimental data and theoretical results in all three approaches. However, at fm−1, particularly in the case of the deuteron, a relativistic treatment of the dynamics, as is done in the CST, is necessary. The experimental data on the deuteron A structure function extend to fm−1, and the close agreement between these data and the CST results suggests that, even in this extreme kinematical regime, the study of few-body form factors provides no evidence for new effects coming from quark and gluon degrees of freedom at short distances.
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the perceived enjoyment that is derived from spectators observing other spectators’ dysfunctional behavior during a ...game.Design/methodology/approachUsing four forms (i.e. fighting, verbal assault, disrupting play and throwing missiles) of spectators dysfunctional behavior (SDB), two experiments (N = 252 for Study 1 and N = 92 for Study 2) were conducted in which video clips corresponding to the four types of SDB were used as experimental stimuli.FindingsThe findings indicate that participants enjoyed viewing spectators running onto the field of play significantly more than the other forms of SDB (i.e. fighting, verbal assaults and throwing missiles). The results also show no significant difference between how much spectators enjoyed the actions of fighting, verbal assault and throwing missiles.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study include the usage of a multidimensional approach to the concept of SDB and testing for a positive outcome pertaining to SDB that has largely, if not fully, been examined using negative inputs and outputs.
The reasons why esports fans watch competitions are shaped by various factors, including attachment to players (teams), uncertainty of outcomes, social interactions, knowledge acquisition, ...entertainment, and escapism, which drive them to watch esports competitions. Contrasted with watching esports online, being present at live events provides spectators with a unique array of experiences and sensations. This study gathered a total of 764 valid responses through questionnaires. The results indicate that spectators with weaker attachment motivations to players (teams) are more inclined to attend live events. Those with stronger social interaction motivations are more likely to participate in live events, with male spectators being more influenced by attachment and social interaction motivations when deciding whether to attend. Empirical findings also demonstrate that 'on-site' esports spectators are more willing to purchase and recommend gaming experiences than 'online' spectators, with male spectators displaying higher purchase intentions. Spectators who exhibit a greater inclination for social interaction motivations are more likely to recommend viewing, suggest gameplay, and engage in purchasing behavior. Additionally, spectators with stronger motivations related to uncertainty of outcomes, social interactions, knowledge acquisition, entertainment, and escapism exhibit a higher willingness to purchase, even as their attachment motivations weaken.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, UL, UM, UPUK
Perceraian adalah fenomena sosial yang memiliki dampak signifikan dalam masyarakat, termasuk di Indonesia. Dalam dua tahun terakhir, tingkat perceraian di Indonesia telah mengalami peningkatan yang ...cukup signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengupas secara spesifik bagaimana realitas cerai gugat dalam konteks masyarakat tontonan, bagaimana stigmatisasi yang disematkan kepada perempuan pasca perceraian, dan bagaimana cerai gugat dalam konteks kajian secara yuridis. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan 3 poin penting. Pertama, beragam fitur media sosial menjadi salah satu penyumbang dari tingginya angka perceraian di Indonesia. Kedua, pasca perceraian perempuan cenderung memperoleh citra sosial yang negatif. Ketiga, hasil kajian ini mengungkapkan bahwa para perempuan di Indonesia masih cukup banyak yang mengalami hambatan dan problem dalam menempuh proses pengadilan.
In a world dominated by the cultural and media industries and faced with a context of transformation in the practices of adolescents (Octobre 2014, Barrère 2011), the role of cultural mediation ...devices is undergoing an unprecedented reconfiguration, which could be thought through on the basis of reflections arising from this corporeal turn (Jullier, Leveratto 2010) and a new view of youth, admitting "the action proper to the agency of young people (Octobre, Sirota 2013) on cultural objects, devices and institutions" (Dahan, Labadie, Octobre 2014: 41). This is the premise of our research: to examine, from the point of view of adolescents, the postures, perceptions and emotions at play in a film education scheme in order to enable us to rethink mediation practices. Based on a dissertation currently in preparation, this article looks at the many ways in which teenage cinema-goers' physical experience manifests itself in the context of the Lycéens et apprentis au cinéma (LAAC) programme as it is being rolled out in Occitanie.
•This research aims to give an insight into social media as an online marketing medium used by sports clubs.•The research intention is to understand how social media is used to increase customer ...interactivity and spectator interest.•Greater customer interactivity through social media can be deemed attractive and can increase spectatorship.•Social media is an effective form of marketing and can be useful in attracting spectators to a sports organization.
This research aims to give an insight into social media as an online marketing medium used by sports clubs. The research intention is to understand how social media is used to increase customer interactivity and spectator interest. We applied two integrated methods including one new scale to analyse and identify website interactivity and Facebook interactivity of the thirty-two football clubs involved in the 2014–2015 European Champions Cup. Six, seven-point items were used in the scale to measure the degree to which a person believes a website allows a free flow of information. A Pearson correlation of the Facebook pages was used to explore the strength of the relationship between two variables, analysing spectator interactivity. It was found that greater customer interactivity through social media can be deemed attractive and can increase spectatorship. The research also found that the level of website interactivity of a particular football club is not dependent upon their performance within the tournament. Those clubs who perform well, or are in a higher pool in the European Champions, do not appear to engage better with their spectators than the lower pools. The multiple regression results further confirmed these findings. The findings have important implications, which primarily suggest that social media is an effective form of marketing and can be useful in attracting spectators to a sports organization, if used appropriately.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZRSKP
The object of research is the communication features of contemporary art. The aim is to reveal these features based on a review of the literature. The paper discusses the concept of communication in ...contemporary art; describes the characteristics of contemporary art as a medium; defines communication models in contemporary art. Communication and its features are manifested in many fields, one of which is art. To discuss the concept of communication in contemporary art, the levels of verbal and nonverbal communication are distinguished. Image forms, colours, lighting, lines, motifs, body language, sound, as well as the written or unwritten language of verbal communication about a work of art, can serve to recognise the communicative properties of a work of art. Types of intrapersonal and public and mass communication are applied, communication process models are based.
The chiral magnetic effect (CME) refers to charge separation along a strong magnetic field between left- and right-handed quarks, caused by interactions with topological gluon fields from QCD vacuum ...fluctuations. We present two approaches to handle the dominant elliptic flow (v2) background in the three-particle correlator (Δγ112), sensitive to CME.
In the first approach, we present the Δγ112 and Δγ123 measurements in U+U and Au+Au collisions. While hydrodynamic simulations including resonance decays and local charge conservation predict that Δγ112 scaled by Npart/ν2 will be similar in U+U and Au+Au collisions, the projected B-field exhibits a distinct difference between the two systems and with varying Npart. Therefore, U+U and Au+Au collisions provide configurations with different expectations for both CME signal and background. Moreover, the three-particle observable Δγ123 scaled by Npart/ν3 provide baseline measurement for only the background.
In the second approach, we handle the ν2 background by measuring Δγ112 with respect to the planes of spectators measured by Zero Degree Calorimeters and participants measured by Time Projection Chamber. These measurements contain different amounts of contributions from CME signal (along B-field, due to spectators) and ν2 background (determined by the participant geometry). With the two Δγ112 measurements, the possible CME signal and the background contribution can be determined. We report such a measurement in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27GeV with the newly installed event plane detector, and report the new findings in U+U system where the spectator-participant plane correlations are expected to differ from those in Au+Au collisions.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
This study examines the relationships between sport spectator motivation, involvement, and loyalty. It sought to validate a comprehensive motivation scale and test the interrelationships among these ...three concepts using a partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) analysis. Data were analysed from 585 surveys collected from match day attendees of Australian Rules football in South Australia. The findings suggest that a strong positive relationship was found between sport spectators' motivation and both socio-psychological involvement and behavioural involvement. Spectators' motivation displays a mediating (indirect) effect on their loyalty through both involvement constructs. However, non-significant relationships between motivation and loyalty were found. One of the strongest motivations we found for attending a football game was vicarious achievement, whereas behavioural involvement has the strongest effect on spectators' loyalty. This paper advances sport spectatorship scholarship and provides broader practical implications for practitioners, assisting in developing club's long-term community engagement and growth plans.
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BFBNIB, FSPLJ, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Despite an extensive literature on stadium attendance demand, our understanding of those factors shaping spectator no-show behaviour is rudimentary at best. Here, we explore such behaviour by using a ...comprehensive two-step approach: First, we examine the determinants of no-show behaviour in the German Bundesliga between the four seasons 2014-15 and 2017-18; Second, because our initial results imply that spectator no-show behaviour is more prominent among season ticket holders (STHs), we exploit additional survey data to understand individual STH no-show appearances better. Our results suggest that club managers interested in reducing the no-show rate should rethink existing season ticket strategies.
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