Recovery from aphasia can be achieved through recruitment of either perilesional brain regions in the affected hemisphere or homologous language regions in the nonlesional hemisphere. For patients ...with large left‐hemisphere lesions, recovery through the right hemisphere may be the only possible path. The right‐hemisphere regions most likely to play a role in this recovery process are the superior temporal lobe (important for auditory feedback control), premotor regions/posterior inferior frontal gyrus (important for planning and sequencing of motor actions and for auditory‐motor mapping), and the primary motor cortex (important for execution of vocal motor actions). These regions are connected reciprocally via a major fiber tract called the arcuate fasciculus (AF), however, this tract is not as well developed in the right hemisphere as it is in the dominant left. We tested whether an intonation‐based speech therapy (i.e., melodic intonation therapy MIT), which is typically administered in an intense fashion with 75–80 daily therapy sessions, would lead to changes in white‐matter tracts, particularly the AF. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we found a significant increase in the number of AF fibers and AF volume comparing post‐ with pretreatment assessments in six patients that could not be attributed to scan‐to‐scan variability. This suggests that intense, long‐term MIT leads to remodeling of the right AF and may provide an explanation for the sustained therapy effects that were seen in these six patients.
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BFBNIB, FZAB, GIS, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
For clinical methods courses in speech-language pathology, as well as for students entering their clinical practicum or preparing for certification and licensure, this textbook ncludes complete ...coverage of common disorder characteristics, treatment approaches, information on reporting techniques, and patient profiles across a wide range of child and adult client populations. It is also a beloved go-to resource for practicing clinicians who need a thorough guide to effective intervention approaches/strategies.
Speech difficulties such as dysarthria or aphasia are frequently seen, in addition to motor impairments, in subjects after stroke.
Literature searches with the keywords: "stroke" AND "dysarthria" AND ..."speech therapy" OR "language therapy" were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science to perform the systematic review about the several strategies used to treat dysarthria in subjects after stroke. The search was performed independently by two authors (CR and VM) from December 15
2019 to January 15
2020, using the PICOS criteria: participants were aging adults (>18 years old) affected by stroke; intervention was based on rehabilitation speech therapy; comparator was any comparator (all logopedic and speech rehabilitation tools); outcomes included clinical assessments, diagnostic scales and acoustic analysis of voice; and study design was RCTs, case series and case report, observational studies. The research identified a total of 94 articles for the first search and 56 for the second search. Sixty selected articles were analyzed by the reviewers. Twenty-five publications met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Thirty-three articles were excluded for the following reasons: 12 involved individuals with aphasia or other speech problems different from dysarthria, 10 examined the clinical features of dysarthria, 3 treated on the impact of dysarthria on social participation following stroke, 8 did not include cases after stroke.
A systematic review was performed to identify the main used speech rehabilitation treatments for dysarthria after stroke. We defined the several techniques to better guide the physician to delineate a speech rehabilitation protocol adopting the better strategies described in the current literature.
This systematic review tried to provide to the reader a complete overview of the literature of all possible different speech treatments for dysarthria after stroke. A correct protocol could permit to improve the communication and the quality of life of these subjects.
Reasons for dysphagia in patients with at-risk respiratory systems duringthe COVID-19 pandemic include muscle weakness. During this time, therehabilitation program becomes a critical problem. The ...current narrativereview purposed to answer the question, “What is the modified management of dysphagia in patients with COVID-19 by speech-language pathologists (SLPs)?” Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases were searched for information about COVID-19 and dysphagia using search terms such as “COVID-19 and dysphagia,” “speech therapy and COVID-19,” “COVID-19 and dysphagia speech and language pathologist.” As this narrative review concentrated on the intervention of dysphagia throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, the reference lists of articles identified in the search were also examined, and those we considered relevant in keeping with the selected keywords were accepted. Among the 83 articles selected in the first round, 27 were considered for this review. The number of clinical or original articles fitting our criteria was very limited. The main topics in most of the published papers were dysphagia intervention, COVID-19 transmission risk, swallowing assessment and therapy in patients with COVID-19 by SLPs, dysphagia screening tools, swallowing treatments and sensory stimulation in patients with COVID-19, and swallowing exercises and maneuvers conducted by SLPs in COVID-19 cases. An instrumental evaluation of swallowing should be narrowed during the COVID-19 pandemic. SLPs should find different ways to appropriately manage patients with suspected dysphagia. Generally, dysphagia intervention should be reserved for tele-health.
The role of the therapeutic alliance in the success of interventions has been well demonstrated in areas related to speech-language pathology and audiology. Based on this knowledge, this article ...presents the theoretical foundations of the therapeutic alliance, distinguishing it from the therapeutic relationship. The central concept of shared decision making is presented, followed by factors that may influence the establishment and quality of the therapeutic alliance. A low-quality therapeutic alliance is associated with the possibility that the client will discontinue the intervention, hence the importance of paying special attention to this dimension. In situations where clinicians have difficulty establishing an alliance, it is their responsibility to identify how they may be contributing to this situation and reflect on their own actions in order to make the necessary corrections.
This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the literature investigating the efficacy of speech-language pathology (SLP) interventions in the treatment of globus pharyngeus (GP), identify gaps ...in knowledge, and guide future research.
Scoping review.
Search terms were selected for five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar). Inclusion criteria were broad and focused on any SLP intervention used to treat GP. Title and abstract and then full-text screening were performed.
Of 420 unique abstracts identified, five studies met inclusion criteria. SLP interventions included explanation, education on normal swallow, laryngopharyngeal tension reduction exercises, “voice” exercises, neck/shoulder exercises, general relaxation, postural advice, diaphragmatic breathing, manual therapy, swallowing exercises, laryngeal hygiene, throat clearing suppression, stress management, and reassurance. All included studies reported statistically significant improvement in GP following SLP intervention based on the various outcome measures reported.
This scoping review yields very little high-quality evidence supporting the efficacy of SLP interventions in the treatment of GP. Further prospective studies with systematic investigations and the use of validated outcome measures are needed to study the efficacy of SLP interventions as either adjuvant or stand-alone treatment for GP.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Amaç: Hızlı-bozuk konuşma (HBK), uluslararası alan yazında olduǧu gibi, ülkemizde de dil ve konuşma terapisi alanında en az çalışılan konulardan biri olarak bilinmektedir. Tanımında yaşanan güçlükler ...nedeniyle kimi zaman görmezden gelinebilmektedir. Bu makalede amaç, HBK'nin kuramsal temelleri ve dinamik tanımı hakkında alanyazın çerçevesi kapsamında bilgi vermek, alanda çalışan uzmanların konu ile ilgili bilgi ve farkındalıklarını arttırarak yararlanacakları bir kaynak sunmaktır. Yöntem: Geleneksel derleme yöntemi ile tasarlanan bu çalışmada, HBK'nin kuramsal temelleri ve alanyazında en çok kabul gören tanımı bünyesindeki çalışmalar taranmıştır. HBK'nin biyolojik öǧelerini ve dil tabanlı altyapısını açıklayan yaklaşımlara deǧinilmiş, dinamik tanımı ve bu tanım kapsamındaki semptomları ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca metinde DKT'lerin yararlanabileceǧi önerilere yer verilmiştir. Sonuç ve Öneriler: Hızlı-bozuk konuşmanın nörolojik kanıtlarının yanı sıra varsayımsal olarak dilsel öǧeleri de içeren bir etiyolojiye sahip olduǧu görülmüştür. Ayrıca konuşmanın gözlenebilir davranışlarına odaklanan dinamik tanımı çerçevesinde yüksek ve/ya düzensiz konuşma hızı, aşırı normal akıcısızlıklar, aşırı hece çökmesi ve anormal durak, vurgu ve ritim semptomları dikkat çekmektedir. Hızlı-bozuk konuşmanın, üretimin dilbilgisel ve motor biçiminde meydana gelen ve anlaşılırlıǧı olumsuz etkileyen bir akıcılık bozukluǧu olduǧu sonucuna varılabilir. DKT'lerin HBK'yi deǧerlendirme kapsamında dinamik tanımdan yararlanmaları, bunun yanı sıra dilsel parçalarını da göz önünde bulundurmaları amp;ouml;nerilir.
BACKGROUNDSpeech therapy is important for ideal functional outcome after cleft palate surgery. Nationwide lockdown due to outbreak of COVID-19 in Nepal restricted the ability of patients to travel to ...nearby outreach centers for regular speech therapy. The objectives were to assess the feasibility and challenges of conducting online speech therapy with postpalatoplasty children during COVID-19 pandemic; and evaluate the ways to overcome them. METHODSPatients with cleft palate surgery done at least 3 months prior were given online speech therapy. Feasibility, advantages and challenges of online speech therapy were evaluated through interviewing the guardians and speech therapy providers. RESULTSA total of 89 patients were included in the study. Only 11.2% had secondary palatine procedures. Almost all the children (97.8%) had face to face speech therapy prior to study period. Best use of time, use of audiovisual aid, no need to travel and rapid progress were the most commonly perceived strengths of online speech therapy. The most frequent challenges were internet connectivity, unclear voice, lack of direct interaction and unstable power supply. Recommended ways to improve online speech therapy were cited as better internet connectivity, having a fixed schedule and availing free or affordable Wifi. CONCLUSIONSDespite the challenges, online speech therapy provided us with a way to reach out to the cleft palate children when face-to-face therapy was not possible due to COVID-19 pandemic. We see its role even during non-pandemic situations for the children who are unable to visit the speech therapy centers.
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