Title IX, a landmark federal statute enacted in 1972 to prohibit sex discrimination in education, has worked its way into American culture as few other laws have. It is an iconic law, the subject of ...web blogs and T-shirt slogans, and is widely credited with opening the doors to the massive numbers of girls and women now participating in competitive sports. Yet few people fully understand the law's requirements, or the extent to which it has succeeded in challenging the gender norms that have circumscribed women's opportunities as athletes and their place in society more generally.In this first legal analysis of Title IX, Deborah L. Brake assesses the statute's successes and failures. While the statute has created tremendous gains for female athletes, not only raising the visibility and cultural acceptance of women in sports, but also creating social bonds for women, positive body images, and leadership roles, the disparities in funding between men's and women's sports have remained remarkably resilient. At the same time, female athletes continue to receive less prestige and support than their male counterparts, which in turn filters into the arena of professional sports. Brake provides a richer understanding and appreciation of what Title IX has accomplished, while taking a critical look at the places where the law has fallen short. A unique contribution to the literature on Title IX, Getting in the Game fully explores the theory, policy choices, successes, and limitations of this historic law.
Ken Foster’s work in the field of sports law is of central importance. His sustained, high-quality contributions to sports law scholarship underpin much other work in the area. This intervention ...makes the case for the importance and centrality of this work, and highlights key contributions. It evidences the development of key themes and perspectives in Ken Foster’s work and its fundamental and foundational significance in the relatively new field of sports law.
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FSPLJ, NUK, PRFLJ, UL, UM, UPUK
This study aims to examine the implementation of community sports development policies in the context of the "development through sport" paradigm. National development through sports in accordance ...with the mandate of the Sports Law can be started through community sports which are the basis for the goals of developing the sport itself. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. This research was conducted in West Java Province using a purposive sampling technique referring to the high sports achievements achieved at the National Sports Week, but it is still low in the sports development index. Interviews, documentation studies, and observations were carried out in the data collection process. To analyze the data collected, we devised seven indicators that are based on the essence of the sports law of the community sports section. The results of this study found that the implementation of the community sports development policy that was implemented was close to conformity with what was stated in the sports law. However, there are still inequalities in some aspects. This happens because there is still a lack of understanding from the government as policy makers, as well as the community as a group affected by the implementation of policies of the importance of sport as an instrument of national development. Therefore, sports policy makers must act immediately in providing solutions to evaluate policies that will be implemented in the future.
“Never look a gift horse in the mouth” is a well-known saying, yet the proverb might recently have gained new meaning. Just before the recent World Cup finals in dressage and show jumping in Riyad, ...there were reports about horses with blue tongues in the dressage sport. These non-human athletes did not get enough air, presumably due to overly tight bridles and excessive pressure applied by their riders. Currently, animal protection is not sufficiently harmonized and enforced in the EU, but there are reasons to be hopeful. The EU should take the lead and require member States to implement comprehensive animal protection systems.
In 2016, three universities in Poland established, on the basis of the provisions of the no longer applicable Act of 30 April 2010 on financing science, the first in Poland "Polish scientific network ...- Research and development work for the dissemination of sports law". On the basis of this project, the next step was to establish a registered association under the name of Towarzystwo Sieci Naukowej Sportowego (Towarzystwo Sieci Naukowej Sportowego), this entity as a unique entity on the sports market is responsible for the entire spectrum of activities in the field of management and law in sport. The article aims to discuss good practices in the activities of third sector organizations on the example of the said association. The work uses the dogmatic-exegetical method of research, thanks to which the wording of the statute and the agreement of the scientific network were quoted. An empirical method was also used, which is related to the experience of some of the authors - members of the said association.
Drive to Survive Wojciech Lewandowski
Verfassungsblog,
03/2023
2366-7044
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
On 9 March 2022, the Council of the EU included Nikita Mazepin, the Russian Formula 1 driver competing in the 2021 season, on the list of sanctioned people. Almost one year later, on 1 March 2023, ...this measure was suspended by the Order of the President of the General Court as an interim measure in the appellation proceedings against the Council decision initiated by Mazepin. In this blog post, I argue that the President of the General Court made a mistake in the factual assessment of the position of Nikita and took a too lenient approach to his request.
In modern sports, arbitration has become more and more widespread, almost replacing the common judiciary in some areas. The dispute resolution system in sports is largely based on the use of amicable ...and alternative forms, such as: mediation, arbitration, negotiation, hybrid ADR or the conciliation process. The aim of this article is to present, on the one hand, the principles and legal basis of the functioning of arbitration in sports, and, on the other, the possibility of an athlete pursuing their rights in such proceedings, with particular emphasis on the issue of the athlete’s employment. The main conclusion from the research is that the modern shape of arbitration in sports ensures respect for the basic rights of the athlete. However, some changes are proposed in this respect.
On 21 December 2023, the Court of Justice delivered judgments in
ISU
,
Superleague
and
Royal Antwerp
. This contribution considers the implications of
Royal Antwerp
on the use of home-grown player ...rules in European football, the effect on international sports governance more widely and how the judgment has altered the course of EU sports law and policy.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
According to the European Superleague Company ruling of 21 December 2023, the UEFA rules for the approval of football competitions are inadequate. In search of better rules, this paper proposes three ...criteria for the approval of competitions: they should (1) improve welfare; (2) reflect the preferences of the consumers (football fans); and (3) be compatible with competition law. All Super Leagues proposed before 2022 would not have met criteria 1 and 3 in any case, as they would have reduced welfare and would have reduced the competition in consumer markets in a way incompatible with competition law. The same holds (or is likely to hold) for the reforms of the Champions League that UEFA has made since 1998 in reaction to threats of big clubs to start a Super League. However, if UEFA improves its own competitions in line with the criteria above, it should be able to outcompete the organizers of alternative competitions.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
AbstractThe legal standing of PSSI statute is still a pros and cons among legal experts and football activists in Indonesia. This is because there are two views, namely the first view that the pssi ...statute is Lex Sportiva that has national legal immunity, while the second view considers the pssi statute can not override the national law in force in Indonesia. This research uses normative legal research methods. Based on the research conducted, the Statute of PSSI as Lex Sportiva is only the rule of play and not as the rule of law as stated in Article 7 paragraph (1) of the Law on the Establishment of Legislation containing the types of laws and regulations in Indonesia. Future arrangements regarding the position of the PSSI statutes can be made by revising the laws of the national sports system or by issuing new laws and regulations governing the division of authority between the Government and PSSI as well as applying criminal sanctions related to persecution and scoring arrangements in football matches. Keyword: PSSI Statute; Lex Sportiva; Sports Law;
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