Centriole assembly requires a small number of conserved proteins. The precise pathway of centriole assembly has been difficult to study, as the lack of any one of the core assembly proteins-Plk4, ...Ana2/STIL, Sas-6, Sas-4/CPAP or Asl/Cep152-leads to the absence of centrioles. Here we use Sas-6/Ana2 Particles (SAPs) as a new model to probe the pathway of centriole and centrosome assembly. SAPs form in Drosophila eggs/embryos when Sas-6 and Ana2 are overexpressed. SAP assembly requires Sas-4, but not Plk4, while Asl helps to initiate SAP assembly, but is not required for SAP growth. Although not centrioles, SAPs recruit and organize many centriole and centrosome components, nucleate microtubules, organise actin structures and compete with endogenous centrosomes to form mitotic spindle poles. SAPs require Asl/Cep152 to efficiently recruit pericentriolar material (PCM), but Spd-2/Cep192 can promote some PCM assembly independently of Asl/Cep152. These observations provide new insights into the pathways of centriole and centrosome assembly.
În acest studiu am examinat o serie de clarifi cări conceptuale cu privire la stilurile de învățare, stilurile de gândire și impactul acestora asupra performanței academice a elevilor de liceu. ...Studiul a implicat un eșantion de 60 de elevi din mediul urban cu vârste cuprinse între 16 și 17 ani. Au fost aplicate două instrumente validate pe populația românească pentru evidențierea stilurilor de învăţare și și stilurile de gândire. Performanțele școlare ale elevilor implicați în studiu au fost înregistare prin intermediul mediilor generale ale acestora. Cercetarea a evidențiat existența unor corelații pozitive între performanțele școlare ale elevilor și stilurile de învățare reflexiv și teoretic pe de o parte și stilurile de gândire progresist, judiciar, executiv și legislativ pe de altă parte.
ABSTRACT
Centrioles are microtubule-based cylindrical ultrastructures characterized by their definite size and robustness. The molecular capping protein, CPAP (also known as CENPJ) engages its ...N-terminal region with the centriole microtubules to regulate their length. Nevertheless, the conserved C-terminal glycine-rich G-box of CPAP, which interacts with the centriole inner cartwheel protein STIL, is frequently mutated in primary microcephaly (MCPH) patients. Here, we show that two different MCPH-associated variants, E1235V and D1196N in the CPAP G-box, affect distinct functions at centrioles. The E1235V mutation reduces CPAP centriole recruitment and causes overly long centrioles. The D1196N mutation increases centriole numbers without affecting centriole localization. Both mutations prevent binding to STIL, which controls centriole duplication. Our work highlights the involvement of an alternative CEP152-dependent route for CPAP centriole localization. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that E1235V leads to an increase in G-box flexibility, which could have implications on its molecular interactions. Collectively, we demonstrate that a CPAP region outside the microtubule-interacting domains influences centriole number and length, which translates to spindle defects and reduced cell viability. Our work provides new insights into the molecular causes of primary microcephaly.
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Der Übersetzer Curt Meyer-Clason Ines Kinga Krause
Chronotopos : a journal of translation history,
08/2023, Volume:
4, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Das translatorische Handeln literarischer Übersetzer rückt immer mehr in den Vordergrund moderner translationswissenschaftlicher Studien. Am Beispiel des Übersetzers Curt Meyer-Clason, der insgesamt ...über 150 Romane und unzählige Gedichte aus dem Englischen, Französischen, Portugiesischen und Spanischen übersetzte und als einer der größten Kulturvermittler Lateinamerikas des 20. Jahrhunderts gilt, soll eine mögliche Vorgehensweise zur Rekonstruktion seiner (impliziten) Übersetzungstheorie vorgestellt werden. Für diesen Zweck werden die Peritexte und Fachzeitschriftenbeiträge des Übersetzers ausgewertet. Die theoretischen Äußerungen zum Thema Übersetzen sollen anderen Übersetzungstheoretikern gegenübergestellt werden, um Meyer-Clason bestimmten Übersetzungsparadigmen zuordnen zu können. In der Übersetzungskritik wird auf einige Übersetzungsstrategien des Übersetzers eingegangen, um zu überprüfen, ob Diskrepanzen zwischen den theoretischen Ansprüchen und dem praktischen Übersetzen festzustellen sind. Für eine gerechte, akteursorientierte Übersetzungskritik spielt – neben den theoretischen Ansprüchen des Translators – auch seine Topobiografie und die damit einhergehende Individualität des Übersetzers eine wichtige Rolle. Am Beispiel Curt Meyer-Clasons soll exemplarisch dargestellt werden, wie bedeutend der biobibliografische Hintergrund für die Übersetzer- und Übersetzungsforschung ist.
The discovery of a potent gene regulating tumorigenesis and drug resistance is of high clinical importance.
STIL
is an oncogene; however, its molecular associations and role in colorectal oncogenesis ...are unknown. In this study, we have explored the role of
STIL
gene in tumorigenesis and studied its molecular targets in colorectal cancer (CRC).
STIL
silencing reduced proliferation and tumor growth in CRC. Further, STIL was found to regulate stemness markers
CD133
and
CD44
and drug resistant markers
thymidylate synthase
,
ABCB1
, and
ABCG2
both in
in-vitro
and
in-vivo
CRC models. In addition, high expression of
STIL
mRNA was found to be associated with reduced disease-free survival in CRC cases. Interestingly, we observed that
STIL
-mediated regulation of stemness and drug resistant genes is not exclusively governed by Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling. Remarkably, we found
STIL
regulate β-catenin levels through p-AKT, independent of Shh pathway. This partially answers Shh independent regulatory mechanism of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers by
STIL
. Our study suggests an instrumental role of
STIL
in molecular manifestation of CRC and progression.
Aus einer interdisziplinären Perspektive denkt der Beitrag über neue Anregungen zu einer allgemeinen Theorie des individuellen Autorstils nach. Ausgehend von klassischen Stilbegriffen von Georges ...Buffon, Ludwig Börne und Roland Barthes steht dabei die Frage im Vordergrund, inwiefern die erzählanalytischen Methoden der psychologischen Wissenschaften dazu beitragen können, den Zusammenhang zwischen Autorpsyche und Stil zu erhellen. Dass eine Wechselwirkung unbestreitbar ist, zeigt das Bespiel des surrealistischen Schriftstellers Antonin Artauds, dessen Werk oft in einem biographischen und pathologischen Rahmen untersucht wird. Artauds Stil gründet jedoch weit darüber hinausgehend auf einer komplexen, das Unbewusste und Triebhafte ausschöpfenden, surrealistischen Poetik. Nicht nur im Hinblick auf die enge Verschränkung von Somatik, Poetik und Psyche in Artauds Werk, sondern auch in Bezug auf eine allgemeine Theorie zeigt sich der Stil als ein überdeterminiertes und komplexes Phänomen, das sich einer absoluten auktorialen und analytischen Kontrolle entzieht.
Sacrificial moral dilemmas elicit a strong conflict between the motive to not personally harm someone and the competing motive to achieving the greater good, which is often described as the ..."utilitarian" response. Some prior research suggests that reasoning abilities and deliberative cognitive style are associated with endorsement of utilitarian solutions, but, as has more recently been emphasized, both conceptual and methodological issues leave open the possibility that utilitarian responses are due instead to a reduced emotional response to harm. Across 8 studies, using self-report, behavioral performance, and neuroanatomical measures, we show that individual differences in reasoning ability and cognitive style of thinking are positively associated with a preference for utilitarian solutions, but bear no relationship to harm-relevant concerns. These findings support the dual-process model of moral decision making and highlight the utility of process dissociation methods.
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