Sacrificial moral dilemmas elicit a strong conflict between the motive to not personally harm someone and the competing motive to achieving the greater good, which is often described as the ..."utilitarian" response. Some prior research suggests that reasoning abilities and deliberative cognitive style are associated with endorsement of utilitarian solutions, but, as has more recently been emphasized, both conceptual and methodological issues leave open the possibility that utilitarian responses are due instead to a reduced emotional response to harm. Across 8 studies, using self-report, behavioral performance, and neuroanatomical measures, we show that individual differences in reasoning ability and cognitive style of thinking are positively associated with a preference for utilitarian solutions, but bear no relationship to harm-relevant concerns. These findings support the dual-process model of moral decision making and highlight the utility of process dissociation methods.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ, UPUK
This first in-depth account of Euripides' relationship with the visual arts demonstrates how frequently the tragedian used language to visual effect, whether through allusion or actual references to ...objects, motifs built around real or imaginary objects, or the use of technical terminology.
Increased levels of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) have recently been considered a favorable independent prognostic and predictive biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). ...The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) ultrasound lexicon descriptors and sTILs in TNBC.
Patients with stage I-III TNBC were evaluated within a single-institution neoadjuvant clinical trial. Two fellowship-trained breast radiologists used the BI-RADS ultrasound lexicon to assess pretreatment tumor shape, margin, echo pattern, orientation, posterior features, and vascularity. sTILs were defined as low <20 or high ≥20 on the pretreatment biopsy. Fisher's exact tests were used to assess the association between lexicon descriptors and sTIL levels.
The 284 patients (mean age 52 years, range 24-79 years) were comprised of 68% (193/284) with low-sTIL tumors and 32% (91/284) with high-sTIL tumors. TNBC tumors with high sTILs were more likely to have the following features: (1) oval/round shape than irregular shape (p = 0.003), (2) circumscribed or microlobulated margins than spiculated, indistinct, or angular margins (p = 0.0005); (3) complex cystic and solid pattern than heterogeneous pattern (p = 0.006); and (4) posterior enhancement than shadowing (p = 0.002). There was no significant association between sTILs and descriptors for orientation and vascularity (p = 0.06 and p = 0.49, respectively).
BI-RADS ultrasound descriptors of the pretreatment appearance of a TNBC tumor can be useful in discriminating between tumors with low and high sTIL levels. Therefore, there is a potential use of ultrasound tumor characteristics to complement sTILs when used as stratification factors in treatment algorithms for TNBC.
Öğrenci öğrenme stillerinin çeşitliliğinin yanısıra öğrenmenin yapılandırmacı doğasının artan tanınırlığı ile birlikte öğretmenlerin farklı öğretim stilleri kullanma ihtiyacı vurgulanır iken ...öğretmenlerin çeşitli öğretim stillerini ve algılaması hakkında çok az şey bilinmektedir. Buna paralel olarak antrenörlerin öğretim stilleri kullanması ve algılaması hakkında çok daha az çalışmanın olduğu görülmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada antrenörlerin ve beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin öğretim stillerini kullanma düzeyleri ve stillere ilişkin değer algılarının, grup, cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumları değişkenlerine göre karşılaştırarak incelenmiştir. Edirne merkezde MEM’de çalışan 90 öğretmen ile GSİM’de çalışan 39 antrenör olmak üzere toplam 129 katılımcı, kolayda örneklem yöntemi ile seçilmiş ve gönüllük ilkesine göre katılmışlardır. Bulgulara göre en çok değer verilen stiller, komut ve alıştırma, en az değer verilen stiller ise kendi kendine öğretme ve öğrencinin başlatması olarak sıralanmıştır. En çok kullanılan stiller komut ve alıştırma, en az kullanılan stiller ise kendi kendine öğretme ve öğrencinin başlatması olarak sıralandığı görülmektedir. Stillerin öğrencilere “Eğlenme”, “Öğrenme” ve “Motivasyon” sağlama boyutlarında; motivasyon açısından komut, alıştırma ve eşli çalışma, öğrenme açısından komut, alıştırma ve katılım, eğlence açısından komut, alıştırma ve katılım stillerine en fazla değer verildiği görülmektedir. Bulgular grup, cinsiyet ve yaş değişkenlerine göre stillere ilişkin değer algıları ve kullandıkları öğretim stilleri ortalama puanlarının karşılaştırılması sonuçlarında anlamlı değişikler olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, en çok kullanılan ve değer verilen stiller olarak komut ve alıştırma stillerinin seçilmesi, öğretmen ve antrenörün öğrenciler üzerinde kontrolün daha fazla arttırma istekleri, bu stillere yönelten temel sebep olarak görülebilir. Bu nedenle beden eğitimi öğretmenliği ve antrenörlük programında öğrenimlerini sürdüren öğretmen ve antrenör adaylarının öğrenim süreleri boyunca aldıkları farklı derslerde uygulama imkanı bulmaları için fırsatlar verilerek, diğer öğretim stillerinin stratejik kullanım alanlarının keşfetmeleri sağlanarak, deneyim kazanmaları ve mesleki gelişim programlarının bu doğrultuda hazırlanması önerilir.
In this article, we present current stylometric studies on Delta. (1) We discuss why the use of cosine similarity improves the rate of success; our experiments on vector normalization lead to a ...better understanding of how Delta works. (2) Based on a corpus of Middle High German texts, we show that metrical properties can also be used for authorship attribution. The degree to which Delta is influenced by non-normalized medieval spellings is also investigated. (3) Using a corpus of Arabic-Latin translations, we explore how selective feature elimination can be used to separate the translator signal from the genre signal.
STIL centriolar assembly protein (STIL) is a cytoplasmic protein implicated in cellular growth and proliferation as well as chromosomal stability, which abnormal condition affected tumor immunity and ...tumor progression. However, the role of STIL in the biological mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.
Comprehensive bioinformatic approaches, in vitro functional assays, and validation were conducted to elucidate the oncogenic value of STIL in HCC.
In the present study, we found that STIL may serve as an independent prognostic indicator and a potential oncogene in HCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) showed that upregulated expression of STIL was positively associated with pathways enriched in the cell cycle and DNA damage response. Subsequently, we identified several non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) accounting for the upregulation of STIL expression using a combination of in silico bioinformatics approaches (including expression analysis, correlation analysis, and survival analysis). Finally, CCNT2-AS1/SNHG1-has-miR-204-5p-STIL axis was screened out as the most potential upstream ncRNA-related pathway of STIL in HCC. Moreover, STIL expression is highly associated with the infiltration of immune cells, the expression of immune checkpoints, as well as the survival benefit of immunotherapy/chemotherapy.
Our study discloses that ncRNAs-mediated overexpression of STIL independently predicted poor prognosis and correlated with the efficacy of PD-1-targeted immunotherapy in HCC.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
•STIL is upregulated in breast cancer, and promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of triple negative breast cancer.•Our findings, for the first time, provide novel insights into the ...regulatory role of STIL in the FA pathway within breast cancer.•Our findings identify STIL as a critical promoter of breast cancer progression by interacting with KLF16 to regulate FANCD2.
STIL is an important cell cycle-regulating protein specifically recruited to the mitotic centrosome to promote the replication of centrioles in dividing cells. However, the potential role of STIL in the regulation of the biological functions of triple-negative breast cancer remains still unclear.
We screened for differentially expressed STIL in the Cancer Genome Atlas database. The expression of STIL protein in 10 pairs of breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues was further assessed by western blotting. Functionally, the knockdown and overexpression of STIL have been used to explore the effects of STIL on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, RNA-seq, dual-luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, mass spectrometry, immunoprecipitation assay, and DNA pull-down assay were performed.
Breast cancer tissues and cells have higher STIL expression than normal tissues and cells. STIL knockdown impairs breast cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion, whereas STIL overexpression accelerates these processes. STIL promotes breast cancer progression by regulating FANCD2 expression, and exploration of its molecular mechanism demonstrated that STIL interacts with KLF16 to regulate the expression of FANCD2.
Collectively, our findings identified STIL as a critical promoter of breast cancer progression that interacts with KLF16 to regulate Fanconi anemia pathway protein FANCD2. In summary, STIL is a potential novel biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
STIL is significant overexpression in triple-negative breast cancer. And STIL interacts with KLF16 protein, thereby facilitating the binding of KLF16 to the FANCD2 promoter and promoting transcriptional activation of FANCD2 Display omitted
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and emerging lines of evidence have implicated circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs, in CRC ...development. However, whether plasma circRNAs might be novel diagnostic biomarkers for CRC remains unclear.
We investigated the plasma levels of selected circRNAs by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The presence of the candidate circRNAs was confirmed through RNase R assays, qRT-PCR and DNA sequencing, and their diagnostic value was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
The plasma levels of three circRNAs (circ-CCDC66, circ-ABCC1 and circ-STIL) were significantly decreased in CRC patients (n = 45) compared with healthy controls (n = 61). The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the three-circRNA panel was 0.780, which is higher than that of traditional protein biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA19-9). Combining the circRNA panel with CEA and CA19-9 might improve the ability to diagnose CRC (AUC = 0.855). In addition, the plasma circ-ABCC1 level was related to tumor growth and progression, and the plasma circ-CCDC66 and circ-ABCC1 levels were decreased in precursor lesions of CRC, including colon adenomas and adenomatous polyps. More importantly, circ-CCDC66 and circ-STIL were found to be useful for diagnosing early-stage CRC, and the three-circRNA panel improved the ability to diagnose CEA-negative and CA19-9-negative CRC.
Our study provides the first identification of a panel of three plasma circRNAs that could serve as a novel and independent diagnostic biomarker for CRC.
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GEOZS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, UILJ, UL, UM, UPCLJ, UPUK, ZAGLJ, ZRSKP
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