In this study, we examine the determinants of enforcement action by the Financial Supervisory Service of Korea from the perspective of audit firms. Enforcement action is an indication of audit ...failure. Both client- and audit firm-specific factors are involved in its occurrence. Most published studies of enforcement after audit failure focus on client characteristics because details about audit firms from financial statements and information about organizational structure are not publicly available. However, examining the issues surrounding enforcement from the perspective of audit firms may also be valuable in elucidating the potential determinants of audit failure resulting in enforcement action. Utilizing publicly available data from audit firms in South Korea, we identify several audit firm characteristics as determinants of enforcement action. The results of our empirical analysis reveal that the likelihood of audit failure is positively associated with the ratio of accounts receivable to total assets, the ratio of audit fees to total revenue, the ratio of partners to the total number of CPAs, CEO ownership, and age of audit firms. In addition, the likelihood of audit failure is negatively associated with ownership concentration and profitability. These associations are more pronounced in non-affiliated audit firms than affiliated audit firms. Several useful implications for regulators are described for improving audit quality by means of enforcement action.
우리나라는 소액자동결제시스템 이용규모가 급증하고 있고, 비은행금융기관의 소액결제시스템 참여, 결제시스템 간 상호의존성 증가 등 금융결제 환경의 급변에 적절히 대응하기 위해서는 주요국의 사례를 참고하여 현행 소액결제리스크 관리제도를 점검하고 필요시 개선방안을 강구할 필요가 있다. 특히 본고에서 검토한 금융선진국 영국의 제도로부터 정책적 시사점을 추출할 수 ...있을 것으로 믿는다.
본고는 우리나라에서의 결제 서비스의 고도화에 대한 요청이 높아지자 결제 시스템 및 관련된 금융기관 시스템의 실태를 조사함으로써 향후 우리나라의 결제 고도화를 위한 금융감독기구의 정책검토에 있어서 참고에 기여하고자 한다. 본고에서의 소액결제 시스템(ACH)으로서 다음과 같이 영국을 대상으로 삼았다. 본 연구는 향후 우리나라 ACH의 방향성을 탐구하는데 길잡이가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.
기업 비즈니스 및 개인의 소비행동이 글로벌화되는 가운데 세계 각지에서 사람·물건·돈의 국경을 넘은 움직임이 활발해지고 있다. 이로 인하여 각국에서 기업과 소비자에게 제공되는 소액결제 시스템(ACH, Automated Clearing House)이나 은행의 서비스에 대한 요구가 변화하고 있다. 자본주의 사회의 기본적 인프라인 ACH와 은행 서비스를 변화하는 요구에 맞추고 고도화하는 것은 서비스 향상을 가져올 뿐만 아니라 국가가 경제적으로 세계에 뒤처지지 않도록 하는 의미에서도 매우 중요하다. 신흥국에서 국내결제의 통일이 진행되어 각국의 결제제도가 경제권 단위로 분절되고 있다. 더욱이 경제권역의 연계체제에 의해서 지역특성을 감안한 국제 결제제도가 형성되고 있다. 게다가 세계적으로 진행되는 리테일 결제의 새로운 스킴은 서로 보완적이며 앞으로도 연계하고 협업함으로써 세계적인 변혁이 보다 넓고 빠른 속도로 보급될 전망이다.
본고는 영국의 소액자동결제제도에 대하여 검토하였다. 금융제도가 무조건 영국을 따라야 할 필요는 없겠으나 우리보다 먼저 자본주의 경제시스템을 발전시켰고 세계 금융시장의 주요 금융기관을 보유하고 있으며 현실적으로 금융계에 강한 영향을 미치는 영국의 제도를 이해함으로서 우리의 금융제도를 한 단계 업그레이드 시키는데 본 연구가 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
In order to cope with the sudden change of the financial settlement environment such as participation of micro-settlement system of non-bank financial institution and interdependence between settlement systems, the size of the micro-automatic payment system is rapidly increasing in Korea, it is quite necessary to check the system and take measures for improvement if necessary. In particular, I believe that policy implications can be extracted from the UK system developed in this paper.
This paper examines the actual situation of the payment system and the related financial institution system as the demand for the enhancement of the payment service in Korea becomes higher and contributes to the reference in the policy review of the financial supervisory organization for the future settlement advancement of Korea. As a small payment system (ACH) in this paper, this study can be a guide to explore the direction of Korea’s ACH in the future. With the globalization of corporate business and individual consumption behavior, movements across the border of people, goods, and money have become active in many parts of the world. As a result, the demand for ACH (Automated Clearing House) and banking services provided to businesses and consumers in various countries is changing.
Aligning and upgrading ACH and banking services, the basic infrastructure of capitalist society, to changing needs is crucial not only to improve service but also to prevent the country from falling economically to the rest of the world. As the settlement of domestic payments proceeds in emerging countries, the payment system of each country is being divided into economic units. Moreover, the international settlement system has been formed by taking into consideration regional characteristics by the linkage system of the economic region. In addition, the global scheme of retail settlement is complementary and will continue to be linked and collaborative, and global transformation is expected to spread more rapidly and more rapidly.
This paper reviews the UK’s micro-payment system. It is not necessary for the financial system to follow the UK, but we have developed the capitalist economic system before us, have the major financial institutions in the world financial market, and realistically understand the UK system which has a strong influence on the financial system. We hope that this study will help to upgrade one step.
Surveillance services are passive work. The surveillance operators are continuously waiting for an alarm. By adding active work to waiting time, the alarm process and disposal time of surveillance ...operator becomes short. We built a simulated environment of surveillance, and compared physiological reaction of subjects whose experiences were different. As a result, alarm disposal time is shortened in cases where active work was added. The physiological reaction of the subject with a small amount of experience shows little difference both cases. The subject with large amounts of experience shows high tension and little stress in the case of adding active work. We conclude that adding active work to surveillance improves the productivity of surveillance service and to stabilizes the work in the surveillance operator with many amounts of experiences.
The entrepreneur who offers surveillance as a service is advancing automation of surveillance as a means of a productivity improvement. However, the surveillance operator becomes to have a difficulty ...on complex alarm. If some information was shown to the operator on standby time, he can expect alarm, and perform smooth disposal. As a result of building the environment which imitated surveillance and experimenting using a subject, the disposal time of alarm was shortened. In the specific subject, the disposal time was shortened 48%. By this experiment, the validity of the prior support function before alarm occurrence has been showed.
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