In this paper we present T1K+, a very large, heterogeneous database of high-quality texture images acquired under variable conditions. T1K+ contains 1129 classes of textures ranging from natural ...subjects to food, textile samples, construction materials, etc. T1K+ allows the design of experiments especially aimed at understanding the specific issues related to texture classification and retrieval. To help the exploration of the database, all the 1129 classes are hierarchically organized in 5 thematic categories and 266 sub-categories. To complete our study, we present an evaluation of hand-crafted and learned visual descriptors in supervised texture classification tasks.
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•Principles of texture analysis and modeling methods and their applications are reviewed.•Different methods of texture profile analysis, indices and modeling approaches are covered.•Advantages and ...limitations of different texture analysis approaches are discussed.
Texture analysis and modeling are important techniques in food and postharvest research and industrial practice. A wide range of methods have been used to evaluate instrumental results, which provide time-series data of product deformation, thereby allowing a wide range of texture attributes to be calculated from force–time or force–displacement data. Several indices of texture such as the firmness index, crunchiness index and texture index based on “vibration energy density” have been reported, but these are not widely used to quantify food texture. Some modeling and statistical approaches have been adopted to analyze food texture data, including chemical reaction kinetics and the Michaelis–Menton type decay function, mechanistic autocatalytic models based on logistic equation, and the finite element method. However, increasing demand for comprehensive approaches to texture profile analysis, generalized texture indices and fundamental texture models still remain challenges in the food research and industry.
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Research in colour and texture has experienced major changes in the last few years. This book presents some recent advances in the field, specifically in the theory and applications of colour texture ...analysis. This volume also features benchmarks, comparative evaluations and reviews.
•Evaluating statistical, transform, model, and structural-based texture features for DIR•Comparative analysis of the DIR results obtained from 26 texture features•Providing a computational time ...analysis of texture features used for DIR
Due to the rapid increase of different digitised documents, there has been significant attention dedicated to document image retrieval over the past two decades. Finding discriminative and effective features is a fundamental task for providing a fast and more accurate retrieval system. Texture features are generally fast to compute and are suitable for large volume data. Thus, in this study, the effectiveness of texture features widely used in the literature of content-based image retrieval is investigated on document images. Twenty-six different texture feature extraction methods from four main categories of texture features, statistical, transform, model, and structural-based approaches, are considered in this research work to compare their performance on the problem of document image retrieval. Three document image datasets, MTDB, ITESOFT, and CLEF_IP with various content and page layouts are used to evaluate the twenty-six texture-based features on document image retrieval systems. The retrieval results are computed in terms of precision, recall and F-score, and a comparative analysis of the results is also provided. Feature dimensions and time complexity of the texture-based feature methods are further compared. Finally, some conclusions are drawn and suggestions are made about future research directions.
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Abstract
The bipolar fuzzy theory is a very effective tool for addressing real life problems in various field such as disease diagnosis, spatial information, image processing and engineering etc. The ...novel concepts of bipolar fuzzy centred system and bipolar fuzzy centred texture di topological spaces are introduced. Then we established the significance of bipolar fuzzy centred texture compactness, bipolar fuzzy centred texture nearly compactness and discussed some interesting characterizations on it. Finally, defined the idea of bipolar fuzzy centred texture nearly stable and bipolar fuzzy centred texture nearly co stable and its properties are also studied.
This paper is concerned with the representation and recognition of the observed dynamics (i.e., excluding purely spatial appearance cues) of spacetime texture based on a spatiotemporal orientation ...analysis. The term "spacetime texture" is taken to refer to patterns in visual spacetime, (x,y,t), that primarily are characterized by the aggregate dynamic properties of elements or local measurements accumulated over a region of spatiotemporal support, rather than in terms of the dynamics of individual constituents. Examples include image sequences of natural processes that exhibit stochastic dynamics (e.g., fire, water, and windblown vegetation) as well as images of simpler dynamics when analyzed in terms of aggregate region properties (e.g., uniform motion of elements in imagery, such as pedestrians and vehicular traffic). Spacetime texture representation and recognition is important as it provides an early means of capturing the structure of an ensuing image stream in a meaningful fashion. Toward such ends, a novel approach to spacetime texture representation and an associated recognition method are described based on distributions (histograms) of spacetime orientation structure. Empirical evaluation on both standard and original image data sets shows the promise of the approach, including significant improvement over alternative state-of-the-art approaches in recognizing the same pattern from different viewpoints.
With the coming era of cloud technology, cloud storage is an emerging technology to store massive digital images, which provides steganography a new fashion to embed secret information into massive ...images. Specifically, a resourceful steganographer could embed a set of secret information into multiple images adaptively, and share these images in cloud storage with the receiver, instead of traditional single image steganography. Nevertheless, it is still an open issue how to allocate embedding payload among a sequence of images for security performance enhancement. This article formulates adaptive payload distribution in multiple images steganography based on image texture features and provides the theoretical security analysis from the steganalyst's point of view. Two payload distribution strategies based on image texture complexity and distortion distribution are designed and discussed, respectively. The proposed strategies can be employed together with these state-of-the-art single image steganographic algorithms. The comparisons of the security performance against the modern universal pooled steganalysis are given. Furthermore, this article compares the per image detectability of these multiple images steganographic schemes against the modern single image steganalyzer. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed payload distribution strategies could obtain better security performance.
•Low carbon steel was annealed at 700 or 800 °C for 5–10 min. in an electric furnace.•Lower annealing temperatures (700 °C) showed bimodal ferrite grain distribution.•Steel annealed at 700 °C for ...5 min. exhibited detrimental cube texture, ND//〈001〉.•Increased annealing time and temperature led to strong γ-fiber, ND//〈111〉 .•Steel annealed at 800 °C for 10 min. showed the highest tensile elongation of 37 %.
This study investigated the effect of annealing temperature and time on the grain distribution and textural development of commercial-grade low-carbon steel that undergone cold rolling and subsequent electric-furnace annealing at either 700 or 800 °C for 5 and 10 min. Scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction analyses of the annealed samples revealed equiaxed microstructures with cementite at the ferrite grain boundaries. The samples annealed at 700 °C for 5 and 10 min exhibited a bimodal grain distribution, while larger ferrite grains formed at 800 °C. The orientation distribution function texture of the sample annealed at 700 °C for 5 min exhibited both a γ-fiber ND//〈111〉 and a cube texture ND//〈001〉 . Raising the annealing temperature and time reduced the intensity of cube texture and strengthened the γ-fiber, increasing tensile elongation from 8 to 38 %.
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An ever-growing number of real-world computer vision applications require classification, segmentation, retrieval, or realistic rendering of genuine materials. However, the appearance of real ...materials dramatically changes with illumination and viewing variations. Thus, the only reliable representation of material visual properties requires capturing of its reflectance in as wide range of light and camera position combinations as possible. This is a principle of the recent most advanced texture representation, the bidirectional texture function (BTF). Multispectral BTF is a seven-dimensional function that depends on view and illumination directions as well as on planar texture coordinates. BTF is typically obtained by measurement of thousands of images covering many combinations of illumination and viewing angles. However, the large size of such measurements has prohibited their practical exploitation in any sensible application until recently. During the last few years, the first BTF measurement, compression, modeling, and rendering methods have emerged. In this paper, we categorize, critically survey, and psychophysically compare such approaches, which were published in this newly arising and important computer vision and graphics area.
Local binary patterns (LBP) are considered among the most computationally efficient high-performance texture features. However, the LBP method is very sensitive to image noise and is unable to ...capture macrostructure information. To best address these disadvantages, in this paper, we introduce a novel descriptor for texture classification, the median robust extended LBP (MRELBP). Different from the traditional LBP and many LBP variants, MRELBP compares regional image medians rather than raw image intensities. A multiscale LBP type descriptor is computed by efficiently comparing image medians over a novel sampling scheme, which can capture both microstructure and macrostructure texture information. A comprehensive evaluation on benchmark data sets reveals MRELBP's high performance-robust to gray scale variations, rotation changes and noise-but at a low computational cost. MRELBP produces the best classification scores of 99.82%, 99.38%, and 99.77% on three popular Outex test suites. More importantly, MRELBP is shown to be highly robust to image noise, including Gaussian noise, Gaussian blur, salt-and-pepper noise, and random pixel corruption.
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