The island of Krk in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County, Croatia, is also called the Golden Island because of its favorable geographical location, the diversity of natural and urban landscapes, the beauty ...of the coast and the sea, the wealth of tangible and intangible heritage, and especially because of the opportunities for living and working. During the last century and in this century, urban landscapes have been exposed to dramatic changes that transformed old castles or former smaller settlements of the local population into tourist centers and desirable places for permanent or temporary residence. A significant part of their complex structure is the cultural and historical heritage, within which the island’s park heritage has so far been insufficiently recognized and valued. Therefore, this paper examines forty selected public park spaces in the area of all local self-government units of the island of Krk in the context of urban transformations and climate change. It is concluded that the island’s park heritage has often been created as a result of urban transformations in which, despite being exposed to constant changes, it is mostly preserved, but that recently, new elements of this heritage are emerging. A new challenge is the threat of the consequences of climate change—increasingly frequent and long-lasting droughts, extreme precipitation and flash floods, stormy winds, rising sea level and salinization, which further emphasizes the need to preserve the park heritage of the island of Krk in the context of resistance to climate change.
Cilj ovog rada je analiza meðuodnosa demografskih obilježja i izgraðenog zemljišta za područje koprivničke Podravine i područje otoka Krka za dvije vremenske cjeline (1980. - 1981., 2018. - 2021.). ...Ta područja su odabrana kako bi se usporedili rezultati dvaju područja koja se razlikuju u smislu prostornog smještaja, obilježja demografskog kretanja broja stanovnika te udjela i raspodjele izgraðenog zemljišta. Za usporedbu rezultata je primijenjena linearno-regresijska analiza. Podatci koji se odnose na izgraðeno zemljište su dobiveni korištenjem baza podataka CORINE Land Cover za 1980. i 2018., dok su popisni podatci za razdoblje 1981. - 2021. dobiveni iz Državnog zavoda za statistiku. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da s porastom broja stanovnika, površina izgraðenog zemljišta se povećava, dok s padom broja stanovnika se smanjuje površina izgraðenog zemljišta. Time područja koja imaju veći broj stanovnika imaju veću površinu izgraðenosti, a područja koja imaju manji broj stanovnika, imaju manju površinu izgraðenosti. To je u radu i potvrðeno na nekoliko primjera za oba promatrana područja i u obje promatrane vremenske cjeline. Na kraju se može zaključiti kako su usporedbom rezultata dobivenih linearno regresijskom analizom detaljnije objašnjeni meðuodnosi promatranih varijabla - broja stanovnika i površine izgraðenog zemljišta te je, bez obzira na različita obilježja promatranih područja, u obje vremenske cjeline utvrðena jaka veza pozitivnog smjera pri čemu se promatrana pojava razlikuje od slučajne.
Due to the awareness of the ever growing importance of sustainability for achieving a better future, the concept of sustainable development has been cited in most strategic documents at the ...international, national, regional, and local level. However, the very implementation of sustainable development often faces obstacles that slow down the entire process of introduction, implementation and control of sustainable development. Therefore this paper has the aim to analyze strategic development documents developed at all levels of local self-government units on the island of Krk in order to link all the strategic goals and to unite all the strategic objectives of sustainable development. The authors have applied the inductive method and the method of analysis and synthesis to connect all strategic documents of the seven units of local self-government and have proposed a complete integrated sustainable development for the area of the island of Krk. This paper is meant to contribute to the finding of an integrated model of sustainable development. This example can also be useful for other cities and municipalities both in the Republic of Croatia and outside its borders, demonstrating that it is possible to work with the aim to improve the quality of living for present as well as for future generations of both residents and visitors.
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Abundance of postmedieval glazed pottery was discovered in 1972 and 1973 at the underwater site of Mala Jana in the vicinity of Glavotok on the island of Krk. Total of 31 objects were inventoried in ...the Early Modern Period Collection of the Maritime and History Museum of the Croatian Littoral. Furthermore another 21 objects from the same site were recovered a year later and given to the Diocese of Krk. Presently they are on display in the exhibition room of the Frankopan citadel in Krk. Although certain finds have already been published individually, they have never been analyzed as a complete cargo, so this article offers the analysis of the entire assemblage of finds from the site of Mala Jana, dating the mentioned artifacts to the late 16th or early 17th century. The paper also analyzes potential trade routes possibly used for transport of such material.
Članak opisuje
jezik
Inventara samostana sv. Marije
Magdalene u Portu na otoku Krku (1734. – 1878.)
, spomenika praktične
pismenosti franjevaca trećoredaca glagoljaša. Prikazuju se morfološke
...osobitosti u
Inventaru
,
sintaktičke značajke vezane uz atribut
kao najzastupljeniju sintaktičku kategoriju u tekstu i slavenski leksički
elementi. Na morfološkoj razini uočava se utjecaj južnijih čakavskih
dijalektnih elemenata, što se nastavlja na inodijalektne utjecaje u fonologiji.
In this paper we describe linguistic features of
the Inventory of St. Mary Magdalene in Porat on the island of Krk (1734–1878), one
of the testaments to the pragmatic Glagolitic literacy: its morphological
features, syntactic features of the attribute as the most frequent syntactic
category, and its Slavic lexical elements – terminology mainly related to
agriculture, livestock and fishery. The recorded phenomena were compared with
the descriptions of the Krk dialects in literature: the one that describes the present
state (Lukežić, Turk 1998) and the one that is almost contemporary to the Inventory
itself (Milčetić 1895). The general linguistic picture of the Inventory,
especially its older part, is congruent with the immigrant dialects of the
island of Krk, differing mainly in that it is marked by the administrative
style.
However, in the later part of the Inventory,
starting from the end of the 18th century, some innovations can be
noted, not as a result of linguistic development, but as a result of the introduction
of elements of other Čakavian, and even Štokavian dialects: the genitive plural
ending -
ov
of the a-declension, plural neuter adjective form different
from the one for the feminine gender, the present form
počimle
, the
pronoun
što
. Although it might be assumed that these innovations
originated from the speakers of the respective dialects, historical sources containing
information on the origin of monastic members, which were published recently,
do not confirm this hypothesis. For this reason, the innovations should perhaps
be attributed to the awareness of individual scribes of a wider usage of the Croatian
language at the end of the 18th century.
Brojno novovjekovno glazirano keramičko posuđe otkriveno je tijekom 1972. i 1973. godine na hidroarheološkom lokalitetu Mala Jana u blizini Glavotoka na otoku Krku, a ukupno 31 predmet inventiran je ...unutar ranonovovjekovne zbirke Pomorskog i povijesnog muzeja Hrvatskog primorja Rijeka. Osim toga, u izložbenom prostoru Frankopanskog kaštela u Krku izložen je još 21 predmet koji je izronjen godinu dana kasnije te predan Krčkoj nadbiskupiji. Iako su pojedini predmeti već bili objavljivani, nikada nisu obrađeni kao cjeloviti teret te se stoga u ovom radu analizira sveukupni korpus nalaza s lokaliteta Mala Jana, pri čemu se spomenuta građa može datirati na kraj 16. ili na početak 17. stoljeća. U radu se dodatno razmatraju potencijalne trgovačke rute kojima se takav materijal mogao transportirati.
U članku se donosi
pregled grafijskih i glasovnih značajka
Inventara
samostana sv. Marije Magdalene u Portu na otoku Krku (1734. – 1878.)
,
spomenika pragmatične glagoljske pismenosti franjevaca ...trećoredaca, čiji sažeti
upisi unatoč ustaljenosti i jezgrovitosti izraza nude vrijednu građu za
jezičnopovijesno istraživanje. Usporedba zatečena stanja s opisima krčkih
govora u literaturi (Lukežić, Turk 1998; Milčetić 1895) pokazala je uglavnom
podudaranje jezične slike
Inventara
s
doseljeničkim krčkim govorima koji se govore na prostoru nastanka rukopisa. No
pojavljuju se i neke južnije dijalektne inovacije koje se ne mogu pripisati
pisarima jer povijesni izvori ne potvrđuju prisutnost samostanskih članova s
dotičnih područja
The paper presents a review of the writing system and the orthographic and phonological features of the Inventory of St. Mary Magdalene in Porat on the island of Krk (1734–1878), a source representative of pragmatic Glagolitic literacy of the Franciscan Third Order Regular. The intention was to show that a text that seems to be scarce and monotonous can be a valuable source of dialectological material. The recorded phenomena were compared with the extant descriptions of the Krk dialects in literature: those of present-day dialects (Lukežić, Turk 1998) and of those that are almost contemporary to the respective source (Milčetić 1895). The general linguistic picture of the Inventory, especially its older part, shares traits with the immigrant dialects present on the island of Krk, slightly marked by the administrative style. On the phonological level the picture that the Inventory provides is, however, not consistent. This refers to the reflexes of the phoneme yat, accompanying the following vowels: the syllabic r and the group cr / čr. Although we would expect that these innovations were introduced by the speakers of dialects which contain these traits, recently published historical sources containing information on the origin of monastic members do not support this assumption. For this reason, they can be attributed to the scribes’ awareness of the wider use of the Croatian language at the end of the 18th century. The identified variations in writing are more of a reflection of the lack of uniformity in writing, of looser norm and doubts, than of actual language differences. Some writing solutions which are barely known in other Glagolitic texts (marking of palatality and the phoneme j with a mark similar to the apostrophe above the respective or preceding grapheme) and indications of modern orthography (capital letters and punctuation marks) must also be emphasized.
The period of the conversion of the existing and abandoned residential dwellings into second homes (mostly in 1960s and 1970s) on the island of Krk, as well as along the whole stretch of the Croatian ...littoral, was followed by the period of the construction of purpose-built dwellings for vacation and recreation, i.e. of family weekend-houses (in 1970s and 1980s). This was manifested through the purchase and conversion of agricultural land into building sites which initially targeted the most desirable locations along the coast of the island, and later less desirable locations in the island hinterland. From mid 1990s onwards the island of Krk, and especially certain parts of it, experienced a more intensive construction of multi-apartment buildings for vacation and recreation which brought about radical geographical transformation. The study analyses the characteristics of the recent developmental dynamics of the second home phenomenon on the island of Krk as a representative case study of a receiving second home region within the Croatian littoral. The study is based on the analysis of the spatial distribution of dwellings for vacation and recreation and the comparison of their number with the number of dwellings for permanent occupancy. In order to achieve a more accurate picture of the intensity and directions of the second home mobility which exists among emissive and receiving second home regions, an analysis is provided of the structural characteristics of the owners of second homes on Krk. They are grouped by the place of their permanent residence, the distance between the place of permanent residence and the receiving second home region and by the size of the place of permanent residence.
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In the past fifty years the second home phenomenon has become one of the most distinguished geographical features in the Croatian littoral. After Croatia won its independence and after the cessation ...of war operations, with the start of the period of apartmentalisation, secondary dwelling emerged as the dominant factor in landscape definition in many settlements of the Croatian littoral in the past ten to fifteen years. In the settlements which recorded most significant transformational influence of the second home phenomenon, the local housing fund has experienced the development of a typical second home landscape whose physiognomic characteristics are primarily defined by the presence of building units for vacation and recreation. The main aim of this study is to establish and analyse physiognomic implications of the second home phenomenon in Malinska on the island of Krk. Malinska has been chosen as a typical example of a receiving settlement in the Croatian littoral because it has gone through all characteristic phases of the development of the second home phenomenon – from the prevalence of luxurious villas and resorts through the domination of individual family houses for vacation and recreation (second homes in the strict sense) to numerous multi-apartment buildings which today characterise, more than any other kind of buildings, secondary dwelling. Through the popularisation and growth of secondary dwelling in the period of the Socialist Yugoslavia, and particularly in the "apartmentalisation" phase in the last fifteen years, Malinska has become a true "second home centre" of the island which manifests, more vividly than any other settlement on the island of Krk, direct (physiognomic) and indirect (economic and socio-cultural) impact of secondary recreational dwelling on physical space, and provides an illustrative example of a second home landscape in the Croatian littoral. The methodology is a combination of the analysis of relevant literature about the geographical aspect of the second home phenomenon and field research with direct survey of local population and second home owners in Malinska, mapping, photographing and deduction based on many years of direct acquaintance with the area included in the study.
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The aim of this study was to determine the influence of microbial (commercial starter) culture on concentration of total free amino groups (amino acids) in cheeses in different ripening stages. Free ...amino groups were determined by reaction with ninhydrin with cadmium (Cd) in the water soluble cheese extract, and were expressed as the concentration of leucine in cheese dry matter. Changes in concentration of total free amino acids during cheese ripening (0th, 30th, 60th, 90th and 120th day) were monitored. In water soluble extracts of cheese, the presence of free NH2 groups in all ripening stages was detected, which means smaller peptides and amino acids, whose concentration significantly (P<0.01) increased during ripening. Cheeses produced with and without microbial culture resulted in statistically significant differences (P<0.01) in content amino acids free on the 90th and 120th day of ripening. Cd - ninhydrin method was found to be suitable for cheese ripening monitoring, as well as for determination of the differences in mature characteristics of cheeses, depending on the production process.
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