Potrošniška družba, družba tveganja in družba z nanja so samo nekatere oznake, ki poskušajo opisati socialne, ekonomske, kulturne in politične spremembe, ki so se z godile v drugi polovici dvajsetega ...stoletja. Za čas globalizacije je na ravni edukacijskih politik z načilno, da tudi številčne in ekonomsko bolj razvite nacije nimajo pravih možnosti v globaliziranem svetu, če ne bodo vlagale v edukacijo, katere kakovost bi presojali skladno z mednarodnimi standardi. Od tod izhodišča za razpravo o pomembnosti permanentnega izobraževanja, kamor spada tudi razprava o izobraževanju odraslih.
V prvem delu članka nas zanima vprašanje opredeljevanja zakonitosti človekove narave in njenih zakonov delovanja s posebnim poudarkom na sposobnostih in zmogljivostih odraslih za učenje. Ker pa se sposobnosti za učenje ohranjajo in oblikujejo bolj v tistih družbah, ki znajo dovolj sistematično pristopati k problemu vseživljenjskega učenja, se po drugi strani pokaže, da o vsem tem odločajo tudi predstave, ki jih goji neka družba o odrasli in starejši generaciji. Zato v drugem delu članka opišemo tudi, katere družbeno-ekonomske razmere ter institucionalne strukture pogojujejo možnost uresničevanja permanentnega izobraževanja kot naloge prihodnje družbe.
Pomanjkanje telesne aktivnosti in neustrezna prehrana lahko pripeljeta do prekomerne mase telesa in povečanega obsega pasu, ki je dejavnik tveganja za pojav bolezni, odvisnih od centralne ...porazdelitve telesnega maščevja. Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti, ali je telesna aktivnost študentk povezana s količino in porazdelitvijo maščevja ter oceniti njihovo ogroženost zaradi prekomerne trebušne zamaščenosti.
Raziskava je bila izvedena na Oddelku za biologijo Biotehniške fakultete v Ljubljani. Spremljano je bilo število tedenskih ur telesne aktivnosti, ki je pomenila kakršnokoli telesno gibanje, ki ga ustvarjajo skeletne mišice in ima kot posledico porabo energije. Študentke Fakultete za šport so bile združene v skupino »športnice« in telesno aktivne večinoma 15 ur tedensko več kot študentke »rekreativke«. Med skupinama so bile primerjane antropometrične vrednosti in ocena porazdelitve telesnega maščevja. Z indeksom pas - boki je bilo ovrednoteno tveganje za pojav bolezni, povezanih s prekomerno količino maščevja v predelu trebuha. Višja stopnja telesne aktivnosti športnic ni bila povezana z vrednostmi telesnih mer in s porazdelitvijo maščevja.
Glavnina študentk izkazuje sorazmerno več maščevja v predelu bokov kot na trebuhu. 5% študentk sodi v skupino z visokim do zelo visokim tveganjem za pojav bolezni, povezanih s centralnim tipom porazdelitve maščevja. Težje študentke imajo tudi statistično pomembno večji obseg pasu. Z vidika ocenjene količine in porazdelitve telesnega maščevja, se stopnja telesne aktivnosti študentk rekreativk ne razlikuje od tiste, ki jo izvajajo študentke Fakultete za šport.
Večina študentk ima periferno porazdelitev maščevja in nizko do zmerno tveganje za pojav srčno-žilnih bolezni. Potrebno je ustrezno obravnavati posameznice s centralnim tipom porazdelitve maščevja.
Lack of physical activity and inadequate nutrition can lead to excessive body weight and increased waist circumference, which is a risk factor for diseases linked to central body fat distribution. The purpose of the study was to determine the relation between the amount of body fat and its distribution to physical activity for female students.
It was also intended to assess their risk of morbidity due to excessive abdominal fatness. The study was conducted at the Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana. Time of weekly physical activity was observed as any bodily movement generated by skeletal muscle and as a result energy consumption. Students of the Faculty of Sports were grouped as “athletes” and physically active most of 15 hours per week more than students from the group “non-athletes”. Between them, anthropometric values and body fat distribution were compared. The waist-hip ratio was used for estimation of the risk of ill health associated with abdominal obesity.
Higher level of physical activity for athletes was not associated with typical body dimensions and fat distribution. The majority of female students demonstrated relatively more fat on the hips than on the abdomen. 5% of them demonstrated high to very high risk for diseases linked to central body fat distribution pattern. Female students with higher body weight have also significantly higher waist circumference. In terms of estimated body fat distribution, the level of physical activity for non-athletes does not differ from that which is carried out by the students of the Faculty of Sports.
Most female students have a peripheral fat distribution and a low to moderate risk for cardiovascular diseases. It is necessary to adequately address individuals with a central fat distribution pattern.
Priročnik za obvladovanje psihosocialnih tveganj in absentizma s pomočjo orodja OPSA ('A handbook for managing psychosocial risks and absenteeism with OPSA tool') is an integral part of the new, ...freely available tool aimed at management of psychosocial risks and health-related absenteeism (tool OPSA), which also incorporates a questionnaire and an Excel file for recording and evaluation of data from the questionnaire. Besides introducing the problem of psychosocial burdens experienced by employees at their workplace and beyond, this handbook can be used as a useful instrument for designing a various promotional and preventive arrangements which bettering employees’ health and well-being in their working settings, as suggested by recent guidelines for psychosocial risks management. A handbook is based on interactive chapters, including also numerous links to supportive health promotion websites in order to facilitate the preparation of adequate measures and related activities, commonly carried out by professionals in the field of health and safety at work. A special chapter is dedicated to instructions for working with the Excel file of OPSA tool, enabling an assessment of employees’ psychosocial burdens and risks of developing an excessive stress, absenteeism, presenteeism, turnover and experiencing of workplace violence.
Further regional and spatial development of the Republic of Slovenia is based on a wide share of protected areas that pose significant demands for spatial planers. As an example of links between ...spatial planning and management of protected areas, in this paper we deal with the Triglav National Park (TNP) in NW Slovenia, particularly with the proposa I for its 2014-2023 management plan and to which extent this plan takes into account specific conditions that arise from risk areas due to natural hazards as a significant water management expert foundation for planning the use of space. The paper explicitly demonstrates that the determination of hazard and risk areas in Slovenia is truly necessary, and that only a detailed determination of hazard and risk areas in scales 1.1000 to 1:5000 makes possible detailed spatial planning and thus also the management of protected areas. From the discussion, it also follows that the proposed TNP management plan should be upgraded in the field of research by establishing a Scientific (research) council at the TNP Administration, and by establishing a specific targeted research program focused on research in TNP.
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Older people and their strategies for coping with health risks Introduction: This article addresses the problems of one of the most vulnerable groups in society - older people. We examine the health ...risks facing older people in everyday life based on their own subjective perceptions. By analysing coping strategies, we discover diverse ways older people help themselves when faced with various risks. Methods: This paper is based on a study with a two-stage mixed method research design that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The initial quantitative survey data on the quota sample (N=558) is later expanded in the primary qualitative part employing a grounded theory approach with multi-stage coding procedures, analysing 35 semistructured in-depth interviews. Results: In older people's perceptions, health risks largely dominate. Health problems can highly endanger one's quality of life, which is strongly represented by the category of independence. To better cope with health-threatening circumstances of everyday life, older people use various active and passive coping strategies, ranging from the use of technological aids to self-limitation and receiving social support. Discussion: The analysis of coping strategies represents a suitable approach for observing older people as active agents promoting their own well-being. On the basis of their individual coping strategies, we are able to indirectly assess which areas we could do more in for the autonomy and social inclusion of older people in our society. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
During the last few decades there has been an increase in the use of methods of real estate investment and other investment analyses based on discounted cash flow. Despite the relatively wide use of ...discounted cash flow methods, project managers believe their own knowledge of these methods is insufficient even to the extent where this could lead to incorrect decisions (e.g. conflicting indications of the net present value method and the internal rate of return method). One of major drawbacks in the use of investment analysis methods that are based on discounted cash flow is unsatisfactory precision in the determination of the discount or the capitalization rate. Methods based on discounted cash flow are not only intended for project feasibility analysis; discounted cashflow serves as a basis for assessing special real estate within the mass real estate appraisal system in Slovenia. The article studies the importance of the discount rate when analysing and assessing real estate projects. The theoretical part presents the basis of discounted cash flow methods and composition of the discount rate or capitalisation rate and presents a simulation of the impact of the discount rate and capitalisation rate on investment evaluation and assessment results. The empirical part is based on a survey conducted among certified real estate appraisers in Slovenia. The survey was conducted in the second half of February and beginning of March 201 1. The response rate was 32.9 percent, indicating that almost one-third of all certified appraisers in Slovenia participated. Survey data were statistically analysed and the results provide us with the discount rate and calculated risk premium and capital recovery premium for various type of real estate. A statistical analysis of the survey data provides insights into the risk premium and capital recovery premium used for real estate appraisal and investment purposes.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
During the last few decades there has been an increase in the use of methods of real estate investment and other investment analyses based on discounted cash flow. Despite the relatively wide use of ...discounted cash flow methods, project managers believe their own knowledge of these methods is insufficient even to the extent where this could lead to incorrect decisions (e.g. conflicting indications of the net present value method and the internal rate of return method). One of major drawbacks in the use of investment analysis methods that are based on discounted cash flow is unsatisfactory precision in the determination of the discount or the capitalization rate. Methods based on discounted cash flow are not only intended for project feasibility analysis; discounted cashflow serves as a basis for assessing special real estate within the mass real estate appraisal system in Slovenia. The article studies the importance of the discount rate when analysing and assessing real estate projects. The theoretical part presents the basis of discounted cash flow methods and composition of the discount rate or capitalisation rate and presents a simulation of the impact of the discount rate and capitalisation rate on investment evaluation and assessment results. The empirical part is based on a survey conducted among certified real estate appraisers in Slovenia. The survey was conducted in the second half of February and beginning of March 2011. The response rate was 32.9 percent, indicating that almost one-third of all certified appraisers in Slovenia participated. Survey data were statistically analysed and the results provide us with the discount rate and calculated risk premium and capital recovery premium for various type of real estate. A statistical analysis of the survey data provides insights into the risk premium and capital recovery premium used for real estate appraisal and investment purposes.
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IZUM, KILJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
UCINCI VULKANSKIH ERUPCIJA NA OKOLIS I ZDRAVLJE Zuskin, Eugenija; Mustajbegovic, Jadranka; Jelinic, Jagoda Doko ...
Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju,
12/2007, Volume:
58, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Vulkani predstavljaju prijetnju za gotovo pola milijarde ljudi: danas je na Zemlji aktivno oko 500 vulkana, a svake se godine događa 10 do 40 njihovih erupcija. Posljedice erupcija vulkana odražavaju ...se na okoliš, utječu na klimu te na život i zdravlje ljudi, a vezani su uz pogoršanje socijalnih i gospodarskih uvjeta života. U okoliš s magmom uz vodenu paru (H2O), na površinu dospijevaju plinovi ugljikov dioksid (CO2) i sumporv dioksid (SO2), ugljikov monoksid (CO), vodikov sulfid (H2S), ugljikov sulfid (CS), ugljikov disulfid (CS2), klorovodik (HCl), vodik (H2), metan (CH4), fluorovodik (HF), bromovodik (HBr) i različiti organski spojevi te teški metali (živa, olovo, zlato). Njihovi nepovoljni učinci ovise o udaljenosti od vulkana te o eruptivnim obilježjima, tj. o viskozitetu magme i koncentraciji plinova. Štetnosti bliže vulkanu uključuju piroklastične rijeke, rijeke blata, plinova i vodene pare, potrese, zračne udare i tsunami. U štetnosti u udaljenim područjima ubrajaju se učinci toksičnosti vulkanskog pepela i zdravstveni problemi vezani uz dišni sustav, oči, kožu, zatim psihološke posljedice, ozljede, komunikacijski i transportni problemi, problem odlaganja otpada i opskrbe vodom, rušenje kuća, kao i pad strujnog napona. Dolazi do pogoršanja kvalitete vode i smanjenja kišnih razdoblja, oštećenja poljoprivrednih usjeva, uništavanja vegetacije. Za vrijeme vulkanskih erupcija i neposredno nakon njih povećan je morbiditet, posebno od respiratornih bolesti, a povećan je i mortalitet osoba zahvaćenih vulkanskom erupcijom. Nepovoljni zdravstveni učinci mogu se djelomično prevenirati pravodobnom primjenom zaštitnih mjera.
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