Qualitative sociological fieldwork on unemployed persons has ignore job searching. Yet this is a key component of activation policies that aim to transform unemployed persons into job seekers. The ...article analyses the tensions between these activation norms and individuals’ personal experiences, based on the rarely studied situation where unemployed benefits recipients are taken off the dole because they are not deemed to be looking for a job. In-depth interviews with these de-registered unemployed persons make it possible to understand how they engage in job searching and the meaning they attach to this act. The demonstration here is that their job search experiences are not considered legitimate because they deviate from an institutional framework requiring tangible evidence attesting to job searches. Unemployed persons taken off the dole are in fact often looking for a job. The problem is that they are pursuing an alternative approach that is less formal or explicit than the processes recognised and validated by public sector job centres.
Die Verzahnung von Arbeitsförderungsmaßnahmen mit Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung zur Verbesserung der Gesundheitschancen arbeitsloser Menschen wird an ca. 120 Standorten in Deutschland erprobt. ...Unter Nutzung der Ergebnisse einer Begleitevaluation soll 2020 ein Implementierungsangebot zur Verzahnung von Arbeits- und Gesundheitsförderung im Rahmen eines integrierten kommunalen Ansatzes vorgehalten werden. Ein Praxisbeispiel aus Sachsen veranschaulicht die Herausforderungen und Chancen dieses Ansatzes.
Til sist problematiserer vi hvordan aktivitetsplikt for unge sosialhjelpsmottakere representerer en form for kvasi-kontraktsforhold, mellom parter med svært ulike maktforhold.
Activating young people on social benefits – requirements for transition to work
Young people on social benefits have a variety of complex challenges such as health and
social problems, school ...dropout, immigration and previous child protection measures.
This puts them at higher risk of being marginalized fromemployment. The individual right
to a minimum economic security and to work-promoting measures from the authorities
challenges how local authorities organize and carry out their work. In order to study which
requirements must be met in the authorities’ services for young people on social benefits,
we have interviewed 12 case workers in 12 different Work and Welfare Centres (NAV).
Their descriptions have been categorized and discussed in light of the legal framework and
literature.
The requirements which, according to our study, must be met in individual cases are:
(1) Identification of risk factors in the target group, in order to find the adequate measures
and activities, (2) The importance of a co-operation relation between the individual and
the case worker, and between NAVand other welfare authorities, and (3)Work-promoting
activities, and how to balance the use of imposition in individual cases. Finally we discuss
how compulsory activities for this group represent a formof contract between parties with
a mismatched power balance.
The article with calculations analyses the development tendencies of gross domestic product, employment,unemployment, labour productivity and loss of unemployment in the Baltic States during 2000 - ...2011. The results of thecalculations are explained in the description of these trends and their obvious and possible causes. A brief concept of thetheoretical background and the main formula for the calculation of labour productivity is provided as well. Conclusions aredrawn about the overall character of the development trends. The overall trends of economic development are similar in allthree countries. Gross domestic product, employment and labour productivity were growing until 2007. From 2008 to 2010they fell as a result of the economic crisis, but in 2011 all the indicators began rising again. Major changes in movement,including negative changes, are more frequently observed in Lithuania and Estonia. Differences between the countries appearin nuances, especially in Lithuania.
Abstract Knowledge of supportive home rehabilitative procedures is needed to improve the independent home training and psychosocial wellbeing of older people. The primary focus of this study was to ...assess the feasibility of a home visit program involving the use of non-professional home rehabilitation assistants (HRAs) support among elderly. The secondary objective was to investigate the effects to physical performance and health-related quality of life (HRQL) of older people. A controlled intervention study was implemented at two war veterans’ rehabilitation centers in Finland. The study included 22 long-term unemployed people aged 26–58 years, who were educated in HRA tasks and 417 community-dwelling persons aged 65–99 years, who participated in 10–28 days of inpatient rehabilitation. The intervention group (IG) received 10–14-month physiotherapist-supervised HRA home visit program. The control group (CG) received no home visit intervention. Additional information was collected to assess the feasibility of the intervention. Structured interviews were carried out. Physical performance was evaluated through several validated tests, pain with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and HRQL with the Leipad questionnaire. The HRAs adopted their supporting role through the social activation of the rehabilitees and continued to study to become practical nurses. At 10–14 months, HRQL among women ( p = 0.029) and chair rising among men ( p = 0.028) improved in the IG but declined in the CG. The supportive home visit program was feasible and improved the HRQL in women and chair rising in men. This model could motivate long-term unemployed people to educate themselves.
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7.
Human resources in the economic crisis Radu, Carmen; Radu, Liviu George
Computational Methods in Social Sciences,
01/2015, Volume:
3, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Open access
This paper is meant to be an extension of our studies published over recent years, which were meant to seek some answers regarding the existing cause - effect relationship between the economic, ...financial, demograph and food crisis. In the said article we place the human resource, in its sense of labor force and demograph potential as well, in the middle of the economic, financial, demography and even the food crisis. Provided that in the previous case we demonstrated the hypothesis according to which a food crisis can be caused as well as lead to the migration of the active population to other countries (especially from the rural area) and the agglomeration of underprivileged population in certain geographic areas, we are currently resuming to the mutations recorded by the human resource, as part of the active population, under the aspect of social and economic disequilibrium
The aim of the article is to examine the impact of a job seeker’s gender, education, age on their employment odds in Poland in 2011. The research includes Polish population which was economically ...active and aged 15 and more in 2011 (17,951 thousand people). The research tool was a logit model. The starting point for the analysis was the construction of a model that related employment to gender only. Then other models with many explanatory variables were constructed. Since the gender related odds ratios that have been determined for the sake of those models are interpreted under the assumption that the other variables are constant, it indicates that the women’s and men’s odds ratio remains the same in urban and rural areas, on every education level and in every age group. But in reality it is not true. This is why we estimated the models that contained only one explanatory variable (gender) for individual subgroups and models with the interactions.
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This study surveys active labor market programs (ALMPs) in selected countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, identifies key challenges to their effective and efficient delivery, ...and proposes a policy framework for reforming public service provision. This study draws on data collected through surveys administered to public social, employment, and education agencies in selected MENA countries to identify key constraints and options for reforming publicly provided employment programs. Recent political transitions arising from the Arab Spring have contributed to the deterioration of labor market outcomes in the MENA region. In this context, ALMPs could become an important policy lever to address some of the challenges facing labor markets. These include: joblessness, skills mismatches, lack of labor market mobility, large and expanding informal sector, and lack of formal employment networks. The study also provides specific details on the beneficiaries, targeting, and expenditures of ALMPs during this same period.
Sri Lanka has been regarded as a model
of a country with successful social policies, yet for
decades it has faced major challenges in providing
employment and satisfying other aspirations of youth.
...Although the labor force has become more educated, and this
trend is particularly marked for youth, the main source of
employment for both youth and adults remains the informal
sector. Moreover, the importance of the informal sector as a
source of employment has increased since the mid-1990s. On
the positive side, unemployment declined in last decades,
particularly for youth. The Sri Lankan government has
continually acted on various fronts to address the youth
unemployment problem. It has tried to improve and modernize
Sri Lanka's general education system, which has long
been criticized as too academic, and to increase the
accessibility of training so as to promote the employability
youth leaving school. Other actions included strengthening
entrepreneurship programs and introducing career guidance
and counseling and improving labor market information to
help young people in their job searches and to guide human
resource planning. In 2007, the government developed the
National Action Plan for youth employment, built, for the
first time, on a coherent youth employment policy framework
and deriving an encompassing and consistent set of policy
recommendations. The plan was based on in-depth analysis of
Sri Lanka's labor market, provided via a series of
background papers undertaken under the auspices of the Youth
Employment Network (YEN). To provide the richness and
comprehensiveness of this analysis in its totality, these
papers, updated and revised, are collected in the present
book. This book offers a wealth of valuable advice to the
government and other stakeholders to achieve this goal. By
exploiting the full potential of the youth, not only will
their talent, aspirations, and energy be harnessed to
advance economic growth, but also the existing inequities
will be reduced and, hopefully in the longer run, eliminated.
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