Despite growing awareness of occasional adverse effects of psychological treatments, only a few instruments cover side effects and other unwanted effects of psychotherapy. For the present study, the ...Positive and Negative Effects of Psychotherapy Scale (PANEPS) was evaluated in a population of individuals with depression who had completed at least one course of face-to-face psychotherapy. A total of 135 individuals with a current or previous depressive episode as verified by a diagnostic interview filled out the online version of the PANEPS, which is designed to capture both positive and adverse events. Factor analysis yielded four dimensions: positive effects, side effects, malpractice, and unethical conduct. Internal consistency of the individual subscales was satisfactory to excellent (Cronbach’s α: 0.72 and 0.92). Positive effects were reported by virtually all patients (95.6%). At the same time, approximately half of the sample noted at least one adverse event (52.6%). Among these, side effects (38.5%) and malpractice (26.7%) were significantly more prevalent than unethical conduct (8.1%). As expected, positive effects were negatively correlated with adverse events. Our results challenge the common clinical assumption that some degree of destabilization is necessary for symptom improvement. The survey was conducted anonymously, and the sample underwent diagnostic verification. The results indicate a need for improved treatment guidelines and mechanisms to monitor treatment.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Percepcija je javnosti da su državni službenici neučinkoviti, spori i korumpirani, što je teško pobiti. Poznato je da borba protiv korupcije podrazumijeva upotrebu represivnih sredstava, ali i ...prevenciju. Jedan je od alata prevencije korupcije donošenje i primjena Etičkih kodeksa u tijelima državne uprave, ali jednako tako u jedinicama lokalne i regionalne samouprave i općenito javnom sektoru. U svim državnim tijelima imenovani su povjerenici za etiku. Povjerenici prate primjenu Etičkog kodeksa državnih službenika, promiču etičko ponašanje u međusobnim odnosima službenika te odnosima službenika prema građanima, zaprimaju pritužbe na neetično ponašanje i postupanje službenika, provode postupak ispitivanja osnovanosti pritužbi te vode evidenciju o zaprimljenim pritužbama. U radu su korišteni materijali objavljeni na mrežnim stranicama Ministarstva pravosuđa i uprave. Rad daje odgovore na dva pitanja: 1. Je li primjenom Etičkog kodeksa državnih službenika smanjen broj pritužbi na rad i ponašanje državnih službenika u promatranom razdoblju, od 2018. do 2022. godine? 2. Je li u razdoblju od 2018. do 2022. godine povećan ili smanjen broj kazni za neetično ponašanje?
The public perceives government officials as being ineffective, slow and corrupted, which can hardly be refuted. The fight against corruption is known to entail the use of repressive measures, but also prevention. One of the tools for preventing corruption is the adoption and implementation of Codes of Ethics in the public administration, but also in local and regional self-government bodies and the public sector in general. Ethics commissioners are appointed in all bodies of public administration. They monitor the implementation of the Code of Ethics for Civil Servants, promote ethical conduct in mutual relations of the civil servants and relations between civil servants and citizens. They receive complaints against unethical conduct and officials’ actions, conduct the proceedings of examining the merit of complaints and keep records on the received complaints. In this paper, we used data published on the web pages of the Ministry of Justice and Public Administration. The paper provides answers to two questions: 1. Did the implementation of the Code of Ethics for Civil Servants reduce the number of complaints against the performance and conduct of civil servants in the observed period, from 2018 to 2022?; 2. Did the number of sanctions for unethical conduct increase or decrease in the period from 2018 to 2022?
The Limpopo MEC for Health, during a hospital visit, was recently shown in a video to have humiliated a vulnerable undocumented Zimbabwean woman patient, resulting in the hospital workers present ...laughing at the unfortunate patient. The patient had arrived at a hospital in the province that was short-staffed and under-resourced because of failings on the part of the Department of Health. She wished to give birth to her child in a safe environment, because the shortage of proper facilities in Zimbabwe posed a threat to her and her unborn child. The conduct of the MEC is measured against the patient's rights under the Constitution of South Africa and the National Health Act 61 of 2003, and her conduct is discussed in the light of the Health Professions Act 56 of 1974 and the Ethical Rules of Conduct of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA). The conclusion reached is that the MEC had breached the Constitution, the National Health Act, the Health Professions Act and the Ethical Rules of Conduct of the HPCSA, and should be disciplined by the HPCSA, as required by the Health Professions Act.
Consumers often continue to support companies involved in unethical conduct. Yet, a theoretical understanding of such behavior is lacking. This study aims to demonstrate that moral decoupling enables ...consumers to offer continuous support for companies involved in unethical conduct by reducing feelings of guilt in the purchase decision. It further intends to explore how personality traits moderate the influence of decoupling mechanisms on purchase intentions and to show how the moral intensity of misconduct affects consumersʻ activation of moral decoupling. Four empirical studies were conducted, revealing that decoupling explains purchase intentions both directly and indirectly through guilt. The study also shows that consumersʻ empathic concern and moral identity moderate decoupling processes. High moral intensity of unethical conduct diminished engagement in moral decoupling.
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BFBNIB, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, SAZU, UL, UM, UPUK
Interviews and focus groups with active-duty U.S. military service members and students at military service academies investigated relationships between espoused and enacted culture in perceptions of ...sexual assault and harassment versus other types of offenses. Results show that participants widely understood and accepted an espoused culture that is intolerant of sexual misconduct. The enacted culture included tolerance of some forms of sexual misconduct, differences in conduct in private versus public settings, and widespread resentment of frequent trainings. Results also showed cynicism about service treatments for all types of offenses, but especially for sexual misconduct. Of note is that participants tended to perceive inconsistencies in consequences for sexual misconduct in terms of who faced punishment, whereas for other offenses, they tended to see inconsistencies in what types of consequences were administered. Results demonstrate the value of efforts to align trainings with cultures that consistently discourage behaviors trainings are designed to eliminate.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Objective: Excessively violent or otherwise inappropriate acts by military personnel on the modern battlefield can impede mission success, and they can have detrimental effects on the victims, ...witnesses, and perpetrators. This study provides new insights into the association between unethical battlefield conduct and mental health, as well as the processes through which misconduct on military operations occurs. Method: Through a comprehensive literature review, we examine the scope of issues around unethical battlefield conduct and we consider the association between unethical conduct and mental health from different perspectives. Results: Our review culminates in a process model that suggests that mental health problems, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can drive unethical battlefield conduct through anger induction and/or disregulation. Additionally, we propose a framework, the Triad of Ethical Risk, that underscores three factors that increase service members' risk for acting unethically on the battlefield: (a) recent history of combat exposure, (b) history of committing offenses that underscore violence and/or impulsivity, and (c) recent history of anger-related behaviors. Conclusions: This practical framework can assist military leaders and health professionals in understanding the processes through which mental health can affect battlefield conduct, and in identifying personnel at risk of offending before they offend.
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CEKLJ, FFLJ, NUK, ODKLJ, PEFLJ, UPUK
The aim of this article is to explain the key theoretical foundations of business ethics as a social scientific and academic discipline that was established and further developed at the Faculty of ...Management at Comenius University in Bratislava. The authors of this article refer to this school of thought as the “Bratislava School of Business Ethics” with the intention of pointing out its relative autonomy in research and higher education in the Slovak academic environment.
Being a surgical expert witness (EW) in professional liability claims implies ethical responsibilities, which are usually unknown to the parties who try to obtain such testimony as well as to the ...surgeons involved in providing the expert opinion required by the courts. Giving medical testimony can be included in the field of surgery since (1) being an expert medical witness and judge the performance of another surgeon means that the witness must have a medical license and preferably be board-certified as a surgeon, and (2) the EW opinion sets the standard of care to be applied in each particular case. Thus, the role of the surgeon EW in the legal arena must have the same degree of integrity as the surgeon in his practice with direct patient care and it should be reviewed and subject to regulation.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OBVAL, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
Background:
This study is the result of findings from a previous dissertation conducted by this author on Student Nurses’ Unethical Behavior, Boundaries, and Social Media. The use of social media can ...be detrimental to the nurse–patient relationship if used in an unethical manner.
Method:
A mixed method, using a quantitative approach based on research questions that explored differences in student nurses’ unethical behavior by age (millennial vs nonmillennial) and clinical cohort, the relationship of unethical behavior to the utilization of social media, and analysis on year of birth and unethical behavior. A qualitative approach was used based on a guided faculty interview and common themes of student nurses’ unethical behavior.
Participants and Research Context:
In total, 55 Associate Degree nursing students participated in the study; the research was conducted at Central Texas College. There were eight faculty-guided interviews.
Ethical considerations:
The main research instrument was an anonymous survey. All participants were assured of their right to an informed consent. All participants were informed of the right to withdraw from the study at any time.
Findings:
Findings indicate a significant correlation between student nurses’ unethical behavior and use of social media (p = 0.036) and a significant difference between student unethical conduct by generation (millennials vs nonmillennials (p = 0.033)) and by clinical cohort (p = 0.045). Further findings from the follow-up study on year of birth and student unethical behavior reveal a correlation coefficient of 0.384 with a significance level of 0.003.
Discussion:
Surprisingly, the study found that second-semester students had less unethical behavior than first-, third-, and fourth-semester students. The follow-up study found that this is because second-semester students were the oldest cohort.
Conclusion:
Implications for positive social change for nursing students include improved ethics education that may motivate ethical conduct throughout students’ careers nationally and globally for better understanding and promotion of ethics and behavior.
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NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
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