Responding to the expansion of scientific knowledge about the roles of nutrients in human health, the Institute of Medicine has developed a new approach to establish Recommended Dietary Allowances ...(RDAs) and other nutrient reference values. The new title for these values Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), is the inclusive name being given to this new approach. These are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes applicable to healthy individuals in the United States and Canada. This new book is part of a series of books presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients. It establishes recommendations for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. This book presents new approaches and findings which include the following:
The establishment of Estimated Energy Requirements at four levels of energy expenditure
Recommendations for levels of physical activity to decrease risk of chronic disease
The establishment of RDAs for dietary carbohydrate and protein
The development of the definitions of Dietary Fiber, Functional Fiber, and Total Fiber
The establishment of Adequate Intakes (AI) for Total Fiber
The establishment of AIs for linolenic and a-linolenic acids
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges as a percent of energy intake for fat, carbohydrate, linolenic and a-linolenic acids, and protein
Research recommendations for information needed to advance understanding of macronutrient requirements and the adverse effects associated with intake of higher amounts
Also detailed are recommendations for both physical activity and energy expenditure to maintain health and decrease the risk of disease.
Personal Values Across Cultures Sagiv, Lilach; Schwartz, Shalom H
Annual review of psychology,
01/2022, Volume:
73, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Values play an outsized role in the visions, critiques, and discussions of politics, religion, education, and family life. Despite all the attention values receive in everyday discourse, their ...systematic study took hold in mainstream psychology only in the 1990s. This review discusses the nature of values and presents the main contemporary value theories, focusing on the theory of basic personal values. We review evidence for the content and the structure of conflict and compatibility among values found across cultures. We discuss the assumptions underlying the many instruments developed to measure values. We then consider the origins of value priorities and their stability or change over time. The remainder of the review presents the evidence for the ways personal values relate to personality traits and subjective well-being and the implications of value differences for religiosity, prejudice, pro- and antisocial behavior, political and environmental behavior, and creativity, concluding with a discussion of mechanisms that link values to behavior.
Full text
Available for:
CMK, FFLJ, NUK, UL, UM, UPUK
The most popular teaching text on laboratory data for pharmacy students and go-to reference for pharmacists in therapeutic practice. Now in its seventh edition, Basic Skills has been expanded and ...updated to cover new drugs, research, and therapeutic approaches. Written by 40 established clinicians and pharmacy faculty members and reviewed by additional experts, it is designed to make all information clear and quickly accessible. Minicases provide clinical scenarios for using tests and managing patients, and quickview charts throughout offer clear interpretations of lab results. The indispensable guide to interpreting clinical laboratory data. New to this edition: -A new chapter on nutrition support -Significant updates to all chapters -Expanded chapters on Pharmacogenomics and Cardiology -Additional section on Infectious Diseases covering Bacteria, and Fungi, Viruses and Mycobacteria - Learning points conclude each chapter and highlight key concepts about the laboratory tests -25 chapters divided into three sections: Basic Concepts and Test Interpretations; System Disorders and Diagnostic Tests; and Tests for Special Populations Complex but critical skills are required for clinical pharmacists to effectively use lab data in screening for or diagnosing diseases and in monitoring the safety and effectiveness of treatment. As the only book of its kind specifically written for pharmacists by pharmacists, Basic Skills makes it easier to make accurate and critical decisions based on laboratory data.
A value based education plays a vital and pivotal role in the upliftment of the society making it the best and a blessed place to live in. The values and morals that literature cultivates and ...advocates help the society become morally strong, ethically undaunted and psychologically stable and secure. Literature imparts values through various literary works by citing examples with the help of stories, novels, poems, essays and epistles. In this article we tried enumerating all these.
One of the most significant global events in the last forty years has been the rise of China— economically, technologically, politically, and militarily. The question on people's minds for decades ...has been whether China will replace the United States as a superpower in the near future. But for China, this power must be comprehensive — having strong economic and militant forces are only two pieces of the puzzle. China must also possess soft power, such as attractive ideologies, values, and culture. China as Number One? explores China’s soft powers through the eyes of Chinese citizens. Utilizing data from the World Values Survey, the contributors to this collection analyze the potential soft power of a rising China by examining its residents' social values. A comprehensive study of changes and continuities in the political and social values of Chinese citizens, the book examines findings in the context of evolutionary modernization theory and cross-national comparison.
Sie sind in Europa geboren und sie halten Europa zusammen – die Grundwerte der Europäischen Union. Geformt wurden sie von den großen geistigen Strömungen des Kontinents: von der Antike, dem ...Humanismus, der Aufklärung und dem von jüdischen Traditionen beeinflussten christlichen Bild vom Menschen. Sind sie heute akut bedroht?
The article is devoted to the socio-philosophical aspects of the formation of the value structure of the individual in the digital age. The relevance of the research is due to a high degree of ...interest in the problem of transformation of personal attitudes in connection with the spread of the digital media environment. The author turns to the analysis of ideas about values in the society existing in the conditions of information culture, sets the task of determining the degree and ways of influence of the information sphere on the value attitudes of the individual. The research is based on the conceptual framework of social ontology. The article emphasizes the dependence of ideas about significant spiritual and moral dominants on the influence of many socio-cultural factors. The specificity of digital culture is associated with a rich information field that creates new meanings and priorities. The methodological basis of the analysis is a topological approach that identifies the factors of total influence of the information field on the consciousness and value settings of an individual. The role of transformation of the value of time and knowledge in digital reality as a factor of self-determination of an individual in social space time is shown. The article considers the value growth of the attitude to freedom of self-presentation in the digital network. The ambiguity and incompleteness of homo informaticus models is emphasized. The article summarizes the data of socio-psychological research of the structure of basic values of the individual and overcoming Internet addiction in the youth environment. The author concludes that it is necessary to limit the chaos of the digital network by security criteria and a system of information filters.
We make the case that there are four distinct forms of organizational values – espoused, attributed, shared and aspirational. These partial, but related, forms encompass variation in temporal ...orientation and levels of analysis. We use these forms to reveal the dynamic nature of organizational values by delineating the evolution of gaps and overlaps between them. We set out a series of propositions, originating from institutional, organizational and managerial sources to explain the nature of movement between these distinct forms of values and the potential implications for organizational behaviour and performance. Finally, we consider the possibilities of this fine-grained analysis of the organizational values concept for future research.
Full text
Available for:
NUK, OILJ, SAZU, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
PDF
