A novel two-stage technology combining vacuum electro-spark alloying (VESA) and pulsed cathodic arc evaporation (PCAE) was approbated for the deposition of TiC-based coatings in inert (Ar) and ...reactive (C
H
) atmospheres. The deposition was carried out using a TiC-NiCr-Eu
O
electrode and 5140 steel substrates. Structural, elemental, and phase compositions of the deposited coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction. The mechanical properties of the coatings were measured by nanoindentation using a 4 mN load. The tribological properties of the coatings were measured using the pin-on-disc setup in air and in distilled water at a 5 N load. The experimental data suggest that VESA coatings are characterized by surface defects, a hardness of 12.2 GPa, and a friction coefficient of 0.4. To ensure good adhesion between the VESA coating and the upper layer containing diamond-like carbon (DLC), an intermediate layer was deposited by PCAE in the Ar atmosphere. The intermediate layer had a hardness of up to 31 GPa. The upper layer of the coating ensured a low and stable friction coefficient of 0.2 and high wear resistance due to the formation of an sp
-sp
bound carbon phase. Multilayer TiC-based coating with the upper DLC layer, in addition to high tribological properties, was characterized by the lowest corrosion current density (12 μА/cm
).
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This paper studies how to implement Flash data programming for AMOLED display module products through eDP interface. eDP interface is an internal digital interface based on DisplayPort architecture ...and protocol, which has the advantages of high transmission rate and low power consumption, but is not suitable for transmitting non‐image or video data. Therefore, AMOLED display modules usually need additional interfaces to write key data (such as Demura, Gamma and TCON firmware) into Flash chips, which brings some problems of data transmission interference, unreliability and inefficiency. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new operation method, which repackages the data to be written, converts them into images, sends them to TCON through eDP interface, and then TCON analyzes the images, extracts the valid data, and starts programming for Flash. This paper divides the whole process into three steps, and verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the method through experiments. This method effectively solves the problem of data programming, simplifies the production process, and improves the speed and reliability of programming.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
Mobile displays are overcoming bandwidth hurdles of low cost chip‐on‐glass DDIC manufacturing. Using VESA DSC and MIPI C‐PHY achieves over 6x of additional throughput compared to traditional MIPI ...D‐PHY interfaces and is driving the next generation of mobile devices, VR/AR headsets and immersive automotive consoles providing higher resolution and frame rate at lower cost and power. Using FPGA/ASSP bridging devices with VESA DSC and MIPI C‐PHY support overcomes the adoption challenges of D‐PHY and eDP based SoCs along with cabling interfaces such HDMI, DP and A‐PHY will be discussed.
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In augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), magnifying display lenses typically introduce pincushion distortion and transverse chromatic aberration. These distortions are corrected by pre‐processing, ...one side‐effect of which is disruption of the spatial correlation between color channels. As a result, the standard practice of performing color space conversion prior to image compression may introduce undesirable, visible artefacts. To assess this, we evaluated the performance of two low impairment display stream codecs on distortion corrected stereoscopic images based on converting to YCoCg color space or bypassing the color conversion.
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This paper presents recent advances in screen content video coding, with an emphasis on two state-of-the-art standards: HEVC/H.265 Screen Content Coding Extensions (HEVC-SCC) by ISO/IEC Moving ...Picture Experts Group and ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group, and Display Stream Compression (DSC) by Video Electronics Standards Association. The HEVC-SCC enhances the capabilities of HEVC in coding screen content, while DSC provides lightweight compression for display links. Although targeting different application domains, they share some design principles and are expected to become the leading formats in the marketplace in the coming years. This paper provides a brief account of their background, key elements, performance, and complexity characteristics, according to their final specifications. As we survey these standards, we also summarize prior arts in the last decade and explore future research opportunities and standards developments in order to give a comprehensive overview of this field.
This paper reviews the approaches for prediction of flicker (a visual perception) from electronic displays starting with ISO 9241‐3:1992 and discusses their limitation to specific display ...technologies. The discrepancy between two popular methods for characterization of temporal luminance modulations (specified by JEITA and VESA) is analyzed and their consolidation is proposed. Results from recent acitivities in the field of "time‐modulated lighting systems" are introduced and their impact on the prediction of flicker from electronic displays is discussed.
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3‐4: Stereoscopic Image Quality Assessment Au, Domenic; Mohona, Sanjida Sharmin; Cutone, Matthew D. ...
SID International Symposium Digest of technical papers,
June 2019, 2019-06-00, 20190601, Volume:
50, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Stereoscopic display technology provides immersive experiences in VR/AR/XR, but requires markedly higher bandwidth and is perceived differently than 2D content. Here we adapt the ISO/IEC 29170‐2 ...flicker paradigm for subjective assessment of low impairment stereoscopic image compression. We compared the performance VESA VDC‐M codec on stereoscopic images with 2D image performance.
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FZAB, GIS, IJS, KILJ, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, SBCE, SBMB, UL, UM, UPUK
VESA Display Stream Compression (DSC) is a light‐weight codec designed for visually lossless compression over display links. Such high‐performance algorithms must be evaluated subjectively to assess ...whether the codec meets visually lossless criteria. Here we present the first large‐scale evaluation of DSC1.2 according to ISO/IEC 29170‐2.
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The aim of this paper was to examine the satisfaction of voluntourists derived from various aspects of their trip. Framed within the Existence, Relatedness and Growth Theory, the paper examines ...volunteers’ motivations, expectations and satisfaction based on their financial and time investment volunteering with Volunteer Eco Students Abroad (VESA), the intereactions they had on the trip, and the extent to which travellers felt as though they contributed to community goals. In 2012, the researchers carried out in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 16 Canadian voluntourists following their time in St. Lucia, South Africa. A thematic analysis was used to interpret the data, resulting in three themes: ‘Evaluating Investment’, ‘Contribution to Community’ and ‘Opportunities and Reaffirmations’; sub-themes were matched with aspects of Existence, Relatedness and Growth Theory. Findings elicited several levels of expectations of voluntourists revealed through their feelings of satisfaction or dissatisfaction. On the lowest level, voluntourists expect adequate food and water whilst volunteering. Informants highlighted the various ways they raised fund for the trip, and this impacted their level of accountability for contributing to the community. Volunteers also expect volunteer organizations to be transparent regarding the use of funds and expressed dissatisfaction when this did not occur. Volunteers anticipated a feeling of connection between the hosts and themselves and were frustrated if they felt more time could have been allotted to working with community residents. Lastly, informants expected the experience to provide an opportunity for self-learning and professional development and overall were satisfied with this element of the trip.
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