Recent evidence has shown that buildings designed to be high-ranking, according to the Western architectural decorum, have more impact on the minds of their beholders than low-ranking buildings. Here ...we investigated whether and how the aesthetic judgment for high- and low-ranking buildings was affected by differences in cultural expertise and by power spectrum differences. A group of Italian and Japanese participants performed aesthetic judgment tasks, with line drawings of high- and low-ranking buildings and with their random-phase versions (an image with the exact power spectrum of the original one but non-recognizable anymore).
Irrespective of cultural expertise, high-ranking buildings and their relative random-phase versions received higher aesthetic judgments than low-ranking buildings and their random-phase versions. These findings indicate that high- and low-ranking buildings are differentiated for their aesthetic value and they show that low-level visual processes influence the aesthetic judgment based on differences in the stimuli power spectrum, irrespective of the influence of cultural expertise.
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This chapter analyzes how the German–Polish border became a new object of filmic representation and investigation. Subsequently, this space has become a regular region of cinematic exploration, and ...the contacts that began during this period have led to an expansion of Polish–German coproductions in general. The chapter argues that borders are first ideational before they are spatial geographical, demonstrating how the mobility of the apparatus is not simply a matter of technological indulgence. Rather, the liberated lens is an expansion of cinema's semiotic field. The cinematic apparatus provides a system whereby the imagination of spatial and geopolitical relationships comes together. As an aspect of the cinematic apparatus, the chapter considers how visual aesthetic strategies, technological innovations, and social policy result in images with particular angles and perspectives.
An experimental test battery consisting of several tests that measure aspects of artistic judgment was administered to over 1,600 clients of the Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation. The battery ...consisted of the Visual Aesthetic Sensitivity Test (VAST) of K. O. Gotz (1981); the Design Judgment Test (DJT) of M. Graves (1948); and two tests developed at the Foundation--the Visual Designs Test (VDT), and the Proportion Appraisal. An exploratory factor analysis revealed two major factors for the VDT, and scales named Simplicity and Uniformity were constructed for these factors. The other tests each showed only one major factor. Simplicity, Uniformity, and the DJT showed high reliability. Proportion Appraisal showed substandard reliability, and the VAST showed poor reliability. Sex and age effects were generally small. Intertest correlations were low, indicating that the tests measure largely independent aspects of visual preference and sensitivity. The DJT and the VDT's two scales showed good internal psychometric properties for individual assessment. However, the other tests require further development to meet the Foundation's standards for precision of measurement. Nine figures and 11 tables illustrate the study. A 156-item list of references is included. (Author/SLD)
The underlying constructs for an experimental battery (EB) consisting of artistic judgment tests--the Design Judgment Test (DJT), the Visual Designs Test (VDT), Proportion Appraisal (PA), and the ...Visual Aesthetic Sensitivity Test--were studied. Scores for 1,686 clients of the Johnson O'Connor Research Foundation's aptitude-testing service were correlated with 24 tests in the Foundation standard battery, an artistic background questionnaire (ABQ), and the Career Occupational Preference System interest scales. In addition, the tests were analyzed for their relationships with examinees' college major and years of education, and measures of laterality. The results indicate that the EB was largely independent of the aptitudes tested by the Foundation battery. A regression of the EB on the standard battery showed little common variance. However, modest correlations between the artistic judgment tests and several aptitudes were found. Data from the ABQ indicated that the DJT, the VDT simplicity scale, and the PA consensus scale were significantly related to participation in art-related activities. These measures also showed significant relationships with interest in art occupations. Artistic judgment scores of examinees who majored in art differed significantly from those of non-art majors. Little relationship between scores on the EB and years of education was found. The DJT, VDT simplicity scale, and PA consensus scale show broad associations with art criteria, are largely independent of education, and are not highly related to other aptitudes. Thirteen data tables, 5 figures, and an 88-item list of references are included. Appendix A provides the coding system for the ABQ, and Appendix B presents correlations not corrected for attenuation. (Author/RLC)
Underground coal mining causes subsidence. How to use this subsidence is a big challenge for planners and policy makers. The subsidence in urban area is typically used as green space in China. ...However, is the green space transformed from subsidence preferred by the general public? Also, is there another better way to use subsidence? To answer these questions a subsidence in Xuzhou, eastern China was selected to explore participants’ esthetic perception for three reclamation modes: urban park (called designed landscape), natural succession of ecosystem (called natural landscape) and the scenario formed by adding a path to natural landscape using photomontage simulation (called combination of design and nature) across four seasons. Statistical analysis showed that designed landscape was preferred over natural landscape. Although there were no significant differences in preference between four seasons for both natural and designed landscape, designed landscape had a smaller preference fluctuation across four seasons than natural landscape. And the combination of design and nature gained higher preference score than both designed landscape and natural landscape. The findings in this study provide reliable evidence to guide the reclamation of coal mining subsidence.
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EMUNI, FIS, FZAB, GEOZS, GIS, IJS, IMTLJ, KILJ, KISLJ, MFDPS, NLZOH, NUK, OILJ, PNG, SAZU, SBCE, SBJE, SBMB, SBNM, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VKSCE, ZAGLJ
