Farmaceutski botanički vrt ''Fran Kušan'' Farmaceutsko-biokemijskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu osnovan je 1946. godine i danas je jedan od tri sveučilišna botanička vrta u Hrvatskoj. O biljnom ...fondu Vrta ima vrlo malo objavljenih podataka te je s tim ciljem provedena inventarizacija drvenastih svojti koje rastu u arboretumu Vrta kao i u dva staklenika. Pri tome je utvrđeno da u arboretumu Vrta danas raste 457 svojti od kojih je 359 ljekovito, a 152 otrovne. U dva staklenika uzgajaju se još 62 drvenaste svojte toplijih klimata od kojih je 48 ljekovito, a 11 otrovno.
he Pharmaceutical Botanical Garden "Fran Kušan" of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry of the University of Zagreb was founded in 1946 and today it is one of three university botanical gardens in Croatia. There is a little published information about the Garden's plant collection, and with this aim, an inventory of woody taxa growing in the Garden's arboretum and two greenhouses was carried out. It was found that 457 taxa grow in the arboretum of the Garden today, of which 359 are medicinal and 152 are poisonous. Another 62 woody taxa from warmer climates are grown in two greenhouses of the Garden, of which 48 are medicinal and 11 are poisonous.
Popis flore mahovina Hrvatske dopunjen je sa sedam novih vrsta te jednim varijetetom na temelju četiri znanstvene publikacije koje su objavljene tijekom posljednje godine.
Herzogiella striatella
...(Brid.) Z. Iwats. zabilježena je u Gorskom kotaru,
Bryum barnesii
J.B. Wood ex Schimp. na rijeci Zrmanji, dok su
Bryum gemmilucens
R. Wilczek & Demaret,
Tortula pallida
(Lindb.) R. H. Zander,
Microbryum muticum
(Venturi) Cl. Schneid., Th. Schneid. & Mahevas i
M. davallianum
var.
conicum
(Schleich. ex Schwägr.) R. H. Zander zabilježeni tijekom istraživanja provedenog na rtu Kamenjak u Istri. Nadalje,
Hylocomiastrum umbratum
(Hedw.) M.Fleisch. i
Timmiella barbuloides
(Brid.) Mönk. pronađene su u procesu sistematizacije, revizije i geokodiranja povijesne kolekcije mahovina iz zbirke ZA.
Seven new species and one variety were added to the bryophyte checklist of Croatia based on four scientific publications published during the last year. Among them are
Herzogiella striatella
(Brid.) Z. Iwats, recorded in Gorski Kotar,
Bryum barnesii
J.B. Wood ex Schimp. from the Zrmanja River, and
Bryum gemmilucens
R. Wilczek & Demare,
Tortula pallida
(Lindb.) R. H. Zander,
Microbryum muticum
(Venturi) Cl. Schneid., Th. Schneid. & Mahévas and
M. davallianum
var.
conicum
(Schleich. ex Schwägr.) R. H. Zander, recorded during the research conducted on Cape Kamenjak in Istria. Furthermore,
Hylocomiastrum umbratum
(Hedw.) M.Fleisch. and
Timmiella barbuloides
(Brid.) Mönk. were found during the systematization, revision and geocoding of the historical bryophyte collection from the ZA collection.
Popis flore mahovina Hrvatske dopunjen je tijekom 2021. godine s tri nove vrste (jedna jetrenjača i dvije prave mahovine). Također, na osnovu detaljne revizije literature i recentnih ...taksonomsko-nomenklaturnih promjena, objavljen je novi popis vrsta rožnjača i jetrenjača Hrvatske, iz kojih je izbačeno 15 svojti. Osim nastavka intenzivnih terenskih istraživanja, tijekom 2021. započela je i digitalizacija mahovina u herbarijskoj zbirci ZA.
The checklist of the Croatian bryophyte flora has been updated during 2021 with three new species (one liverwort and two mosses). Based on a detailed literature review and recent taxonomic-nomenclature changes, a new Croatian checklist of hornworts and liverworts has been published, with 15 taxa rejected and excluded from the new list. In 2021, besides ongoing intensive field studies, digitisation of bryophytes within herbarium collection ZA has been initiated.
U radu se prikazuju rezultati analize hortikulturne flore kućnih vrtova Gacke doline koja je s jedne strane omeđena Velebitom, a s druge Kapelom. Istraživanje je provedeno tijekom 2018. i 2019. ...godine, te revidirano 2021. godine. Nasumično je izabrano 40 vrtova koji se nalaze na različitim lokalitetima Gacke doline. Na istraživanoj površini determinirane su 133 svojte u sklopu 113 rodova i 60 porodica. Brojem svojta dominiraju kritosjemenjače (129 svojta; 96,99 %) i to dvosupnice (114 svojta; 85,71 %). Od prisutnih porodica najzastupljenija je porodica Rosaceae (12,78 %), a od rodova rod Prunus (5,26 %). Prema vrsti habitusa većina svojta su grmovi (30,83 %). Veća je dominantnost vazdazelenih svojti (61 %) u odnosu na listopadne. Prema geografskom podrijetlu su brojnije alohtone vrste (58,65 %) i to podrijetlom iz Amerike (26,92 %). Svojte ukrasnog karaktera (54,14 %) zastupljenije su od utilitarnih.
The paper presents the results of the analysis of the horticultural flora of the home gardens of the Gacka Valley, which is bounded on one side by Velebit and on the other by Kapela. The research was conducted in 2018 and 2019, and revised in 2021. 40 gardens located in different localities of the Gacke Valley were randomly selected. 133 taxa in 113 genera and 60 families were determined on the investigated area. The number of taxa is dominated by angiosperms (129 taxa; 96.99%) and dicotyledons (114 taxa; 85.71%). Of the families present, the Rosaceae family is the most represented (12.78%), and of the genera, the genus Prunus (5.26%). According to the type of habitus, most taxa are shrubs (30.83%). There is a greater dominance of evergreen taxa (61%) compared to deciduous taxa. According to geographical origin, non-native species are more numerous (58.65%), mostly originating from America (26.92%). Taxa of ornamental character are mostly represented (54.14%).
Staklokeramika, 70 godina od otkrića Kurajica, Stanislav
Kemija u industriji; časopis kemičara i tehnologa Jugoslavije,
11/2023, Volume:
72, Issue:
11-12
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Ove će se godine navršiti 70 godina od otkrića staklokeramike. Tim povodom u ovom je članku dan sveobuhvatan opis ovog materijala i njegovog napretka od otkrića do danas. Objašnjeno je što je ...staklokeramika te ukazano na rast interesa i komercijalni uspjeh ovog materijala. Opisan je proces priprave staklokeramike, a posebna pozornost posvećena je ulozi nukleatora te procesu nukleacije i rasta. Navedeni su čimbenici koji presudno utječu na svojstva staklokeramike poput kristalne faze, njenog udjela, sastava preostale staklene faze i mikrostrukture. Zahvaljujući utjecaju navedenih čimbenika moguće je pripraviti različite vrste staklokeramike, s različitim kristalnim fazama i morfologijama te posljedično različitim svojstvima, prikladne za različite namjene. Predstavljeni su najvažniji sustavi i vrste staklokeramike, opisana su i objašnjena njihova svojstva i navedene namjene, a spomenuti su i nazivi najvažnijih robnih marki komercijalne staklokeramike. U zaključku je dano viđenje perspektive ovog materijala te vrste staklokeramike i područja primjene u kojima je napredak najizvjesniji.
This year will be the 70th anniversary of the discovery of glass-ceramics. On this occasion, a review paper presenting this material and its progress from discovery to the present day is given. It is explained what glass-ceramic is and pointed out to the growth of interest in this material and its commercial success. The process of preparing glass-ceramics is described, while special attention is paid to the role of nucleating agents and the process of nucleation and growth. Factors that decisively affect the properties of glass-ceramics, such as the crystalline phase, its proportion, the composition of the remaining glass phase and the microstructure, are listed. Owing to the influence of the mentioned factors, it is possible to prepare different types of glass-ceramics, with different crystal phases and morphologies and consequently different properties, suitable for different purposes. The most important systems and types of glass-ceramics are presented, their properties and uses are described and explained. The names of the most important brands of commercial glass-ceramics are also mentioned. In the conclusion, a view of the perspective of this material, glass-ceramic types and areas of application in which the progress is most certain is given.
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Popis flore mahovina Hrvatske dopunjen je s 27 novih svojti (tri rožnjače, tri jetrenjarke i 21 prava mahovina) pronađenih u posljednjih pet godina. Vrste su unesene u novi modul Mahovine u bazi ...podataka Flora Croatica (https://hirc.botanica.hr/fcd/beta/Mahovine) u kojem je dosad dostupno ukupno 26674 nalaza mahovina iz 150 literaturnih referenci te manjeg broja opažanja, a uskoro započinje i digitalizacija mahovinskih herbarijskih zbirki. U Hrvatskoj je do sada zabilježeno ukupno 798 svojti mahovina.
The checklist of the Croatian bryophyte flora has been updated with 27 new taxa (three hornworts, three liverworts and 21 mosses), found during the last five years. The species have been imported in the new module Bryophytes within Flora Croatica Database (https://hirc.botanica.hr/fcd/beta/Mahovine). In total 26674 bryophyte records are available within this module, originating from 150 literature references, and from smaller number of observations. Digitalization of the bryophyte herbarium collections is soon to begin. A total of 798 bryophyte taxa have been recorded in Croatia to this day.
Staklo, od Antike do svemirskog doba Marina Čalogović; Tihomir Marjanac
Kemija u industriji; časopis kemičara i tehnologa Jugoslavije,
01/2022, Volume:
71, Issue:
1-2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Staklo je materijal koji se upotrebljava još od Antike pa sve do danas, ali je razvojem tehnologije postalo dostupno svima i sveprisutno je u industriji. Za proizvodnju stakla važan je sastav ...sirovina, a svojstva stakla ovise i o procesu proizvodnje. U članku je opisan proces proizvodnje stakla kroz povijest i razvoj novih vrsta stakla s boljim svojstvima. Također, uspoređeno je antropogeno s prirodnim staklima kao što su opsidijani i tektiti. Opisana su stakla koja se upotrebljavaju za izradu velikih teleskopa i u svemirskoj tehnologiji. U nastavnom dijelu opisani su jednostavni pokusi koji se mogu napraviti u učionici u sklopu STEM-orijentirane nastave.
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Two invasive aquatic macrophyte species from the genus Elodea and their distribution in Bulgaria were studied. The research was based on 653 field surveys from the period 2009-2022. Elodea records ...constitute to only 6% of the database. Between the two species studied, E. nuttallii exhibited a wider distribution both in rivers and lakes (natural and artificial). Several instances of invaders? dominance were observed, with E. nuttallii showing dominance patterns mainly in lakes, and E. canadensis in rivers. Both species were distributed in aquatic habitats with a wide variation in abiotic characteristics, except for the dominant substrate. E. nuttallii showed a more significant altitudinal range reaching above 1500 m. Such altitudinal variations resulted in diverse ecological habitats in terms of abiotic factors such as temperature and light intensity. The studied aquatic macrophyte communities demonstrated average species richness. Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum were the most commonly recorded representatives of the native aquatic flora. Canadian waterweed demonstrated the ability to form dense communities in rivers, while Nuttall?s waterweed retained average values of abundance. A case of natural disappearance within the Elodea species has been documented. The systematised information covering a 13-year period could serve to identify strategic areas for monitoring aquatic IAS and their management.
A specimen of a sixgill bluntnose shark, Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788), was caught 1.5 NM north of Cape Ronek (Izola, Slovenia) in a fishing net for large-sized flatfish (such as turbot) on 28 ...January 2018. Three other older cases of catch of sixgill bluntnose sharks were recorded in Slovenia and the Gulf of Trieste. Among these, the finding of the specimen in the Lagoon of Marano and Grado is unusual although there are reported cases of sixgill bluntnose sharks in rivers. An analysis of the available data on the bluntnose sixgill shark in the Adriatic Sea, obtained from different published papers, social media and other sources, was done to understand whether the occurrence of H. griseus in the northern Adriatic differs from other parts. A generalised linear model (GLM) approach revealed that larger specimens are more frequently sighted across the Adriatic Sea, while in the Northern Adriatic part, significantly smaller specimens (juveniles) were recorded in comparison to the Central and Southern parts. It seems that the bluntnose sixgill shark is not in conjunction with a common large shark decreasing trend across the whole Mediterranean Sea.
Primjerak volonje Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788), ulovljen je 28. siječnja 2018. 1,5 NM sjeverno od rta Ronek (Izola, Slovenija) u mrežu za lov na velike plosnate ribe (kao što su plosnatice). Još dva prethodna slučaja ulova volonje zabilježena su u Sloveniji i Tršćanskom zaljevu. Među njima, neobičan je pronalazak primjerka u lagunama Marano i Grado, iako postoje prijavljeni ulovi volonje u rijekama. Učinjena je analiza dostupnih podataka o volonji u Jadranskom moru, dobivenih iz različitih objavljenih radova, društvenih mreža i drugih izvora, kako bi se ustanovilo razlikuje li se pojava H. griseusa u sjevernom Jadranu od ostalih dijelova. Pristup generaliziranog linearnog modela (GLM) otkrio je da se veći primjerci češće viđaju diljem Jadranskog mora, dok su u sjevernom dijelu Jadrana zabilježeni znatno manji primjerci (mladi) u odnosu na srednji i južni dio. Čini se da volonja nije povezan s uobičajenim trendom smanjenja broja velikih morskih pasa u cijelom Sredozemnom moru.
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Cilj ovoga rada bio je utvrditi najčešće vrste samonikloga bilja koje se na području Brotnja (Čitluk, BiH) koriste kao hrana, kao čajno bilje ili za neke druge namjene. Istraživanje je provedeno od ...travnja 2022. do travnja 2023. godine te su zabilježena tradicionalna znanja i suvremeno korištenje samoniklih biljaka na području Brotnja. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da se najveći broj samoniklih biljaka najčešće koristi kao: sirove salate ili kuhano povrće (22 vrste), sirovo divlje voće (18 vrste), svakodnevni / ili medicinski čajevi (37 vrsta), začinske biljke (9 vrsta), a 9 vrsta ima specifičnu medicinsku uporabu. Kao samoniklo povrće, začini i čajevi na području Brotnja koristi se 50 nekultiviranih biljnih vrsta svrstanih u 31 porodicu. Najzastupljenije porodice su Lamiaceae (9), Asteraceae (7 vrsta) Apiaceae (3 vrste), dok su ostale porodice manje zastupljene. Najzastupljenije porodice samoniklog divljeg voća su Rosaceae (8) i Moraceae (3). U ovom istraživanju su sudjelovali ispitanici koji su rođeni u istraživanom području i / ili su na istraživanom području proveli veći dio svog života.
The aim of this work was to determine the most common types of wild plants that are used as food, as tea plants or for some other purposes in the area of Brotnjo (Čitluk, Bosnia and Herzegovina). The research was conducted from April 2022 to April 2023, and traditional knowledge and contemporary use of wild plants in the Brotnjo area were recorded. The results of this research show that the largest number of wild plants are most often used as: raw salads or cooked vegetables (22 species), raw wild fruits (18 species), everyday/or medicinal teas (37 species), herbs (9 species), and 9 species have specific medicinal uses. In the area of Brotnjo, 50 uncultivated plant species divided into 31 families are used as wild vegetables, spices and teas. The most represented families are Lamiaceae (9), Asteraceae (7 species) and Apiaceae (3 species), while other families are less represented. The most abundant wild fruit families are Rosaceae (8) and Moraceae (3). Respondents who were born in the researched area and/or spent most of their life in the researched area participated in this research.
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