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  • Accurate Determination of the Neutron Skin Thickness of ^{208}Pb through Parity-Violation in Electron Scattering
    Adhikari, D; Albataineh, H; Androic, D; Aniol, K; Armstrong, D S; Ayerbe Gayoso, C; Barcus, S; Bellini, V; Beminiwattha, R S; Benesch, J F; Bhatt, H; Bhatta Pathak, D; Bhetuwal, D; Blaikie, B; Campagna, Q; Camsonne, A; Cates, G D; Chen, Y; Clarke, C; Cornejo, J C; Covrig Dusa, S; Datta, P; Deshpande, A; Dutta, D; Feldman, C; Fuchey, E; Gal, C; Gaskell, D; Gautam, T; Gericke, M; Ghosh, C; Halilovic, I; Hansen, J-O; Hauenstein, F; Henry, W; Horowitz, C J; Jantzi, C; Jian, S; Johnston, S; Jones, D C; Karki, B; Katugampola, S; Keppel, C; King, P M; King, D E; Knauss, M; Kumar, K S; Kutz, T; Lashley-Colthirst, N; Leverick, G; Liu, H; Liyange, N; Malace, S; Mammei, R; Mammei, J; McCaughan, M; McNulty, D; Meekins, D; Metts, C; Michaels, R; Mondal, M M; Napolitano, J; Narayan, A; Nikolaev, D; Rashad, M N H; Owen, V; Palatchi, C; Pan, J; Pandey, B; Park, S; Paschke, K D; Petrusky, M; Pitt, M L; Premathilake, S; Puckett, A J R; Quinn, B; Radloff, R; Rahman, S; Rathnayake, A; Reed, B T; Reimer, P E; Richards, R; Riordan, S; Roblin, Y; Seeds, S; Shahinyan, A; Souder, P; Tang, L; Thiel, M; Tian, Y; Urciuoli, G M; Wertz, E W; Wojtsekhowski, B; Yale, B; Ye, T; Yoon, A; Zec, A; Zhang, W; Zhang, J; Zheng, X

    Physical review letters, 2021-Apr-30, 20210430, Volume: 126, Issue: 17
    Journal Article

    We report a precision measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry A_{PV} in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from ^{208}Pb. We measure A_{PV}=550±16(stat)±8(syst) parts per billion, leading to an extraction of the neutral weak form factor F_{W}(Q^{2}=0.00616  GeV^{2})=0.368±0.013. Combined with our previous measurement, the extracted neutron skin thickness is R_{n}-R_{p}=0.283±0.071  fm. The result also yields the first significant direct measurement of the interior weak density of ^{208}Pb: ρ_{W}^{0}=-0.0796±0.0036(exp)±0.0013(theo)  fm^{-3} leading to the interior baryon density ρ_{b}^{0}=0.1480±0.0036(exp)±0.0013(theo)  fm^{-3}. The measurement accurately constrains the density dependence of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter near saturation density, with implications for the size and composition of neutron stars.

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