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Basilico, D.; Bellini, G.; Benziger, J.; Biondi, R.; Caccianiga, B.; Calaprice, F.; Caminata, A.; Chepurnov, A.; D’Angelo, D.; Derbin, A.; Di Giacinto, A.; Di Marcello, V.; Ding, X. F.; Di Ludovico, A.; Di Noto, L.; Drachnev, I.; Franco, D.; Galbiati, C.; Ghiano, C.; Giammarchi, M.; Goretti, A.; Gromov, M.; Guffanti, D.; Ianni, Aldo; Ianni, Andrea; Jany, A.; Kobychev, V.; Korga, G.; Kumaran, S.; Laubenstein, M.; Litvinovich, E.; Lombardi, P.; Lomskaya, I.; Ludhova, L.; Machulin, I.; Martyn, J.; Meroni, E.; Miramonti, L.; Misiaszek, M.; Muratova, V.; Nugmanov, R.; Oberauer, L.; Orekhov, V.; Ortica, F.; Pallavicini, M.; Pelicci, L.; Penek, Ö.; Pietrofaccia, L.; Pilipenko, N.; Pocar, A.; Raikov, G.; Ranalli, M. T.; Ranucci, G.; Razeto, A.; Re, A.; Rossi, N.; Schönert, S.; Semenov, D.; Settanta, G.; Skorokhvatov, M.; Singhal, A.; Smirnov, O.; Sotnikov, A.; Tartaglia, R.; Testera, G.; Unzhakov, E.; Vishneva, A.; Vogelaar, R. B.; von Feilitzsch, F.; Wojcik, M.; Wurm, M.; Zavatarelli, S.; Zuber, K.; Zuzel, G.
Physical review. D, 06/2024, Volume: 109, Issue: 11Journal Article
Borexino could efficiently distinguish between α and β radiation in its liquid scintillator by the characteristic time profile of its scintillation pulse. This α / β discrimination, first demonstrated on the ton scale in the counting test facility prototype, was used throughout the lifetime of the experiment between 2007 and 2021. With this method, the α events are identified and subtracted from the solar neutrino events similar to β . This is particularly important in liquid scintillators, as the α scintillation is strongly quenched. In Borexino, the prominent Po 210 decay peak was a background in the energy range of electrons scattered from Be 7 solar neutrinos. Optimal α / β discrimination was achieved with a , with a higher ability to leverage the timing information of the scintillation photons detected by the photomultiplier tubes. An event-by-event, high efficiency, stable, and uniform pulse shape discrimination was essential in characterizing the spatial distribution of background in the detector. This benefited most Borexino measurements, including solar neutrinos in the p p chain and the first direct observation of the CNO cycle in the Sun. This paper presents key milestones in α / β discrimination in Borexino as a term of comparison for current and future large liquid scintillator detectors. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
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