Nasca society emerged at the beginning of the Early Intermediate Period (AD1-750) and flourished along the arid south coast of Peru into the Middle Horizon (AD750-1000). In this study, long- and short-term residential mobility, palaeodiet and stress experiences for individuals from the ceremonial centre Cahuachi (n=41) and cemeteries in the Las Trancas river valley (n=13) are reconstructed. Emphasis is placed on understanding the synergy of movement, diet, stress, and the social and physical landscapes in producing the biochemical record archived in the human body. Through oxygen-isotope analysis of human tissues and modern environmental waters, it was demonstrated that, although most individuals buried at Cahuachi came from the Southern Nasca Region middle valleys, many spent a portion of their lives in other parts of the Rio Grande de Nasca drainage. Within-lifetime relocation was assessed using strontium- and oxygen-isotope analysis of bone and enamel pairs for a subset of individuals (n=20). These analyses revealed that half of the individuals analyzed moved between childhood and adulthood. Carbon- and nitrogen-isotope analyses of bone and hair showed dietary change consistent with (semi-) permanent relocation and with local mobility in the months/years before death. Together, these analyses suggest that movement, whether associated with burial at Cahuachi, relocation and/or local mobility, likely played an important role in the engagement of Nasca people with their physical and social landscapes. Long-term average diet consisted of a mixed C3/C4 plant base with greater reliance on maize and consumption of lower trophic level meat and plant-derived protein. Sequential isotopic analysis of hair demonstrated that some individuals had stable or seasonally shifting diets, and that others exploited multiple production zones. Dietary patterns are interpreted to represent flexibility in food acquisition as a means of minimizing risk associated with environmental and social instability. Biogenic patterns of cortisol production were observed in sequential analyses of hair, enabling direct reconstruction of stress experiences. Combined sequential isotopic and cortisol data provided insight into the metabolic and physiological causes of individual stress experiences associated with dietary change and residential mobility. Keywords: bioarchaeology, residential mobility, palaeodiet, stress, stable isotope analysis, cortisol, hair, Nasca, Cahuachi, Peru