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陈桂葵 骆世明 贺鸿志 张泽民 黎华寿
生态学报, 2014, Volume: 34, Issue: 19Journal Article
通过土培盆栽试验,研究了0.2、2.0和4.0mmol/kg三种浓度下高氯酸盐胁迫对两个水稻品种的生长发育和吸收主要养分元素氮、磷、钾的影响。研究发现:(1)高氯酸盐对水稻生长的抑制程度随高氯酸盐处理浓度的增高而加重,且随着处理时间的延长,水稻的受害症状也越来越明显,到分蘖期时,3个浓度组对赣糯香生长的抑制率分别为3.08%、33.39%和39.03%,对IR65598-112-2生长的抑制率分别为9.18%、21.07%和34.97%。(2)各浓度处理组(赣糯香0.2mmol/kg组除外)都显著抑制了两品种水稻的分蘖。(3)各浓度处理组水稻始穗时间都比对照组晚,其中高浓度处理组晚了 1个月。(4)IR65598-112-2对高氯酸盐的胁迫表现出更早的反应和对低浓度污染物的敏感性,而赣糯香表现出相对较强的抗性。(5)高氯酸盐对水稻根部的伤害比对地上部的伤害更严重。(6)高氯酸盐处理减少了水稻各器官的生物量,降低了水稻各器官中养分元素总氮和总磷的总积累量。研究表明,高氯酸盐污染可抑制两品种水稻的生长和分蘖,延迟其发育,降低水稻对养分元素的积累,其植物毒性效应与污染物的浓度、处理的延续时间、水稻品种及不同植物器官都有关系。
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