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窦沁怡; 王嘉政; 杨滢硕; 卓巍
浙江大学学报(医学版), 08/2023, Volume: 52, Issue: 4Journal Article
R73; 肿瘤源性外泌体在肿瘤微环境中发挥重要作用.外泌体来源非编码RNA主要以三种途径在肿瘤微环境中传递,包括肿瘤细胞间相互交流、微环境细胞影响肿瘤细胞、肿瘤细胞影响微环境细胞.通过这三种方式,外泌体来源非编码RNA参与肿瘤进展的调控,影响肿瘤血管的生成、肿瘤的侵袭性、耐药性、干性、肿瘤代谢重编程和免疫逃逸等过程,并呈现出促进或抑制肿瘤发展的双重作用.外泌体具有膜性结构,其内容物能够抵抗胞外蛋白酶的降解,在体液中保持高度稳定,因此外泌体来源的非编码RNA有望成为多种癌症的诊断和预后指标.此外,在肿瘤治疗领域,可以利用外泌体递送非编码RNA进行靶向治疗,或者敲低或改造对肿瘤起促进作用的非编码RNA进行肿瘤治疗.本文综述了外泌体非编码RNA在肿瘤微环境中的通信机制和功能,包括其作用途径、效应、标志物价值和靶向治疗潜力,并指出了有待深入研究的问题,以期促进外泌体来源非编码RNA在肿瘤研究中的进展及在肿瘤诊疗中的应用.
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