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Esser, Lothar; Zhou, Fei; Pluchino, Kristen M.; Shiloach, Joseph; Ma, Jichun; Tang, Wai-kwan; Gutierrez, Camilo; Zhang, Alex; Shukla, Suneet; Madigan, James P.; Zhou, Tongqing; Kwong, Peter D.; Ambudkar, Suresh V.; Gottesman, Michael M.; Xia, Di
The Journal of biological chemistry, 01/2017, Volume: 292, Issue: 2Journal Article
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a polyspecific ATP-dependent transporter linked to multidrug resistance in cancer; it plays important roles in determining the pharmacokinetics of many drugs. Understanding the structural basis of P-gp, substrate polyspecificity has been hampered by its intrinsic flexibility, which is facilitated by a 75-residue linker that connects the two halves of P-gp. Here we constructed a mutant murine P-gp with a shortened linker to facilitate structural determination. Despite dramatic reduction in rhodamine 123 and calcein-AM transport, the linker-shortened mutant P-gp possesses basal ATPase activity and binds ATP only in its N-terminal nucleotide-binding domain. Nine independently determined structures of wild type, the linker mutant, and a methylated P-gp at up to 3.3 Å resolution display significant movements of individual transmembrane domain helices, which correlated with the opening and closing motion of the two halves of P-gp. The open-and-close motion alters the surface topology of P-gp within the drug-binding pocket, providing a mechanistic explanation for the polyspecificity of P-gp in substrate interactions.
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