Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) can be divided into six subtypes. Among these subtypes, the basal-like 2 (BL2) subtype shows the lowest five-year survival rate and highest risk of metastasis. Alpha-crystallin B chains (αB-crystallin), a small heat shock protein that is known to be involved in breast cancer metastasis, is highly expressed in the basal-like subtype but not in the other non-basal subtypes. Thus, we hypothesized that αB-crystallin may be an important factor involved in the worse prognosis of the BL2 subtype compared with those of the other TNBC subtypes. Here, we examined the role of αB-crystallin in cell motility in two TNBC cell lines: HCC1806 (BL2 subtype) and, as control, MDA-MB-436 (mesenchymal stem-like subtype). HCC1806 showed greater cell migration capacity and a higher expression level of the gene encoding αB-crystallin (CRYAB) than did MDA-MB-436. Short interfering RNA-mediated silencing of CRYAB expression significantly reduced the cell migration capacity of HCC1806 cells, whereas it had no effect in MDA-MB-436 cells, indicating that αB-crystallin is essential for the migration of HCC1806 cells. Thus, high αB-crystallin expression may be a contributing factor to the poor prognosis of BL2 TNBC.