Synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies of the structural characteristics of Ba 3 TaFe 3 Si 2 O 14 langasite are performed at high hydrostatic pressures (up to 60 GPa) created in a diamond anvil cell. At pressures up to 20 GPa, the Mössbauer absorption spectra for 57 Fe nuclei and the Raman spectra are recorded. Two structural phase transitions at P ≈ 5.5 and 20 GPa are observed. The first transition corresponds to the displacements of light oxygen atoms and to an increase in the local symmetry of 3 f oxygen tetrahedra surrounding iron ions. The second one is accompanied by a pronounced change in the lattice parameter c , and the unit cell volume undergoes a stepwise drop as large as 8.6%. An appreciable decrease in the parameter c at the structural transition should result in a significant increase in the exchange coupling constants between iron ions in neighboring ab planes underlying the giant increase in the Néel temperature in this crystal at pressures exceeding 20 GPa.