•Pyrus species are rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, and vitamins.•The major phytochemicals in pears include quercetin, catechins, chlorogenic acid, and anthocyanins, which contribute to their antioxidant properties.•It has several pharmacological activities such as anti-oxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and miscellaneous properties. The genus Pyrus encompasses a diverse range of species the Chinese pear (Pyrus ussuriensis; Pyrus bretschneideri), Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia), and the European pear (Pyrus communis) that have been extensively studied for their phytochemical constituents and associated pharmacological activities. This manuscript provides significant data regarding the phytochemistry and pharmacological impact of many species of Pyrus. The data was gathered from electronic repositories that included Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the bioactive compounds present in Pyrus species and their potential therapeutic applications. The phytoconstituents identified in Pyrus plants include a variety of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and organic acids. These phytochemicals contribute to the diverse pharmacological properties exhibited by Pyrus species, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antibacterial, hepatoprotective and anticancer activities. Display omitted