•3D PCL/gelatin layered nanofiber sponge with uniformly grown Ag-MOF in situ and curcumin was fabricated.•The unique structure and antimicrobial nanomaterials enable it as wound dressing.•Long-lasting anti-infection effect and wound healing were demonstrated in mouse. Effective hemostasis, antibacterial, and anti-inflammation are essential for wound healing, which, however, are hampered by the structural deficiencies of traditional wound dressings. Herein, we prepared a three-dimensional (3D) layered nanofiber sponge (3D-AgMOF-CUR), where silver-metal organic framework (Ag-MOF) was grown in situ and curcumin (CUR) was loaded, to promote the wound healing by timely absorbing exudate at the wound site, accelerating hemostasis, as well as resisting bacteria growth and inflammation. Nanostructure, water absorption capacity, porosity, elasticity and tensile properties, and drug release in vitro of the 3D-AgMOF-CUR were systemically characterized. Its outstanding hemostasis and coagulation effect were demonstrated by in vitro coagulation and blood suction tests. Experimental results from CCK-8 assay, disk diffusion and bacterial co-culture methods further evidenced the fantastic antibacterial effect and good cytocompatibility of the 3D-AgMOF-CUR. In addition, its high wound healing efficiency was confirmed in vivo, as revealed by improved wound healing efficiency and significantly decreased scar area during the healing process of a wound infection model. This study demonstrated that the layered 3D nanofiber sponge could shed light on the clinical wound healing in the future.