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  • MET-Induced CD73 Restrains ...
    Yoshida, Ryohei; Saigi, Maria; Tani, Tetsuo; Springer, Benjamin F; Shibata, Hirofumi; Kitajima, Shunsuke; Mahadevan, Navin R; Campisi, Marco; Kim, William; Kobayashi, Yoshihisa; Thai, Tran C; Haratani, Koji; Yamamoto, Yurie; Sundararaman, Shriram K; Knelson, Erik H; Vajdi, Amir; Canadas, Israel; Uppaluri, Ravindra; Paweletz, Cloud P; Miret, Juan J; Lizotte, Patrick H; Gokhale, Prafulla C; Jänne, Pasi A; Barbie, David A

    Cancer research (Chicago, Ill.), 11/2022, Volume: 82, Issue: 21
    Journal Article

    Immunotherapy has shown limited efficacy in patients with EGFR-mutated lung cancer. Efforts to enhance the immunogenicity of EGFR-mutated lung cancer have been unsuccessful to date. Here, we discover that MET amplification, the most common mechanism of resistance to third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), activates tumor cell STING, an emerging determinant of cancer immunogenicity (1). However, STING activation was restrained by ectonucleosidase CD73, which is induced in MET-amplified, EGFR-TKI-resistant cells. Systematic genomic analyses and cell line studies confirmed upregulation of CD73 in MET-amplified and MET-activated lung cancer contexts, which depends on coinduction of FOSL1. Pemetrexed (PEM), which is commonly used following EGFR-TKI treatment failure, was identified as an effective potentiator of STING-dependent TBK1-IRF3-STAT1 signaling in MET-amplified, EGFR-TKI-resistant cells. However, PEM treatment also induced adenosine production, which inhibited T-cell responsiveness. In an allogenic humanized mouse model, CD73 deletion enhanced immunogenicity of MET-amplified, EGFR-TKI-resistant cells, and PEM treatment promoted robust responses regardless of CD73 status. Using a physiologic antigen recognition model, inactivation of CD73 significantly increased antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell immunogenicity following PEM treatment. These data reveal that combined PEM and CD73 inhibition can co-opt tumor cell STING induction in TKI-resistant EGFR-mutated lung cancers and promote immunogenicity. MET amplification upregulates CD73 to suppress tumor cell STING induction and T-cell responsiveness in TKI-resistant, EGFR-mutated lung cancer, identifying a strategy to enhance immunogenicity and improve treatment.