Freezing construction in saline stratum under the action of groundwater is typical. To study the coupling effect of the groundwater velocity and salinity on the freezing in saline stratum, the freezing temperature of saline sand with different salinities was obtained through experiments. A controllable velocity double-pipe freezing physical model test system for saline sand was established. The temperature distribution in saturated saline sand under different salinities and velocities were studied. The test results showed that the temporal and spatial evolutions of the temperature field were affected by the velocity and salinity. Under the same boundary temperature, the higher the salinity, the lower the temperature at the measuring point on the main surface and interface. The overlapping time varies significantly. The analysis results showed that the larger velocity and the higher the salinity, the longer the overlapping time. The velocity and salinity inhibited the development of the frozen curtain. Under different test conditions, the development rate of the freezing curtain area was in the range of 3987–15,246 mm2/h.