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Makivić, Irena; Kersnik, Janko; Kolšek, Marko
Zdravstveno varstvo, 09/2013, Volume: 52, Issue: 3Journal Article
Pitje alkohola je precej velik slovenski problem; še posebej so izpostavljeni mladi pivci. Pomembne so preventivne in intervencijske metode v populaciji študentov, a v Sloveniji to področje še ni dovolj razvito. Sistematični pregled literature ponuja vpogled v raziskovanje tega problema drugod po svetu in osvetljuje to področje pri nas. Iz treh različnih baz (PubMED, Cochrane in PsychINFO) smo s pomočjo ključnih besed (alcohol drinking/ consumption/abuse, prevention and control, students, intervention(s)) izbrali izvirne članke v angleškem jeziku. Nanašali so se na mlade, stare od 18 do 25 let; obravnavali so vedenje glede pitja alkohola in vsebovali preventivne ali intervencijske dejavnosti. Za prenos intervencij moramo poznati okolje, družbo in družbeni razvoj. Za učinkovite ukrepe so se pokazali: presejanje, kratki ukrepi ob ugotovljenem tveganem pitju (individualni in prek svetovnega spleta), motivacijski razgovori, spodbujanje mladih k idejam o nepitju alkohola, nadzor nad porabo alkohola znotraj študentskih naselij, povišanje cen alkoholnih pijač, omejitev oglaševanja in reorganizacija vplivov na spremembe vrednot, ki vplivajo na porabo alkohola. Specifičnost mlade/študentske populacije predstavlja izziv in dobro naložbo za prihodnost. Alcohol drinking is quite a large problem in Slovenia; young people are particularly exposed to hazardous and also harmful drinking. Prevention and intervention methods are most important in the student population, but in Slovenia this area is not yet sufficiently developed. A systematic literature review provides insight into the research of the problem worldwide and is highlighted in this area in Slovenia. We selected original articles in the English language from three different databases (PubMED, Cochrane and PsychINFO) using keywords in English (alcohol drinking/consumption/abuse, prevention and control, students, intervention(s)). Articles relating to young adults aged 18 to 25 years, studying the behaviour with regard to drinking alcohol and including prevention or intervention activities. To be able to transfer various interventions into our environment, the expertise of milieu, society and social development must be know. Effective preventive actions are screening, brief individual or web based interventions, motivational interviews, promoting ideas about not drinking alcohol to young people, supervision over alcohol consumption in student areas, increase in prices of alcoholic beverages, advertisement restrictions according to alcohol and changing the values that affect levels of alcohol consumption. The specificity of the young/student population is the challenge and a good investment for the future.
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