We used microdata from the 2005, 2010, and 2015 Censuses of Agriculture and Forestry conducted by Forest Producers’ Cooperatives (FOP) in Japan to assess the status of forest management, including forestry practices, timber production, and sales of forest products. Key results are as follows. The number of FOPs considered forestry management bodies increased between 2005 and 2010, but decreased between 2010 and 2015. The number of FOPs that had conducted planting, weeding, and non-commercial thinning over the previous five years decreased both between 2005 and 2010 and between 2010 and 2015. By contrast, the number that had conducted commercial thinning and final cutting over the previous five years increased between 2010 and 2015, with variation observed among regions. We observed an increase in the number of FOPs that had produced timber in their holdings during the previous year, from 6.1% in 2005, to 7.2% in 2010 and 8.5% in 2015; however, total timber volumes decreased. The percentage of FOPs that sold forest products during the previous year, including standing trees, logs, and mushrooms, also increased over time, from 11.9% in 2005, to 17.6% in 2010 and 22.9% in 2015. Changes in the percentage of FOPs that conducted commercial thinning, final cutting, timber production, and sales of forest products indicates an increase in forest management activities; however, the number of FOPs declined.