Nephrotoxicity can occur as a side effect after treatment for kidney tumor in childhood. The use of radiotherapy (RT) has a potential additional effect. A systematic electronic literature search that combined childhood kidney cancer with different treatments and nephrotoxicity terms was performed in EMBASE. Studies were included based on the reporting of nephrotoxicity occurrence after treatment for kidney tumor during pediatric age, with 75% of participants being under the age of 25 years at the time of diagnosis, and having been treated with any type of kidney surgery, chemotherapy, and/or RT. A pooled analysis did not show significant difference in estimated glomerular filtration rate between the group of patients who received RT compared with the group treated without RT (SMD -0.11 95% CI -1.07-0.84 p = .733). The current literature suggests that the use of RT does not have a significant impact on the decline of kidney function as independent factor.