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谭乾开 黎华寿 林洁
广东农业科学, 2014, Volume: 41, Issue: 8Journal Article
为了明确不同除草剂对稻田冬季杂草群落演替的影响,对双季稻千亩高产示范片内的冬闲田、田埂、冬种马铃薯田等3种典型田块的主要杂草群落进行了动态调查,共调查样地10个,采集杂草植株10 586株,杂草分属为18科,50种,其中未鉴定种4种.结果表明:在不同除草剂影响下,冬闲田、田埂、冬种马铃薯田地块间的杂草生物多样性指标均有显著差异,其中,冬种马铃薯田样地的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)、Pielou均匀性指数(J)、Simpson优势度指数(C)最高,密度-类群指数(DG)则以田埂样地最大,冬闲田与田埂、冬种马铃薯的Sorenson相似性系数(S1)大于50%,相似性较高,而样地的Whittaker相似性系数(S2)相对较低.10个双季稻千亩高产示范片内的杂草群落重建后的优势种类是牛繁缕(Malachium aquaticum(L.) Fries)、扁蓄(Polygonum aviculare L)、狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon)、看麦娘(Alopecurus aequalis Sobol),并形成依次为“石竹科+蓼科+禾本科”的演替模式,1年生易除杂草群落逐渐演替为多年生恶性杂草.
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