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  • Gold-Catalyzed Direct Hydro...
    Liu, Xiang; Li, Hai-Qian; Ye, Sen; Liu, Yong-Mei; He, He-Yong; Cao, Yong

    Angewandte Chemie (International ed.), July 14, 2014, Volume: 53, Issue: 29
    Journal Article

    The azo linkage is a prominent chemical motif which has found numerous applications in materials science, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Described herein is a sustainable heterogeneous‐gold‐catalyzed synthesis of azo arenes. Available nitroarenes are deoxygenated and linked selectively by the formation of NN bonds using molecular H2 without any external additives. As a result of a unique and remarkable synergy between the metal and support, a facile surface‐mediated condensation of nitroso and hydroxylamine intermediates is enabled, and the desired transformation proceeds in a highly selective manner under mild reaction conditions. The protocol tolerates a large variety of functional groups and offers a general and versatile method for the environmentally friendly synthesis of symmetric or asymmetric aromatic azo compounds. Game of rates: A general approach for the chemoselective hydrogenative coupling of nitroarenes to give the corresponding azo compounds, using a heterogeneous gold catalyst, has been developed. As a result of the remarkable synergy between the metal and support, a facile condensation of transient nitroso and hydroxylamine intermediates proceeds. The desired transformation is highly selective under mild reaction conditions.